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Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Uropathogenic Bacteria from Sexually Active Women with Bacterial Vaginosis

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j.urnal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第11期9卷 52-67页

作者： Chinedum Taahie Oparaugo Bamidele Abiodun Iwalokun Adesegun Abiola Adesesan idowu Olaide Edu-Muyideen Abimbola Modupe Adedej. Oliver Chukwuj.kwu Ezechi Mopelola Anotu Dej.-Agboola Biochemistry & Nutrition Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Nigeria Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Central Research Laboratory Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Microbiology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Monitoring & Evaluation Unit Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Clinical Science Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women with bacterial vaginosis (BV) continue to pose tremendous health concerns and require appropriate use of antibiotics for effective case management. This study determined the prevalence, etiology and antibiotic resistance profile of uropathogenic bacteria isolated from sexually active women with BV in Lagos Nigeria. Method: A total of 258 sexually active women presenting with gynaecological complaints at the maternal and child unit of twenty Primary Health Care Centres in Lagos Nigeria from May 2017 to March 2018 were consecutively enrolled with consent. Bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed based on Amsel criteria. Midstream urine samples were collected aseptically, analyzed for bacterial pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility using standard microbiological methods. Results: BV was diagnosed in 184 (71.3%) with 69.2% also having UTI. Ninety four (36.4%) had UTI predominantly caused by Gram negative bacteria (96.8%). The organisms isolated were Escherichia coli 79 (84.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 5 (5.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 (4.3%), Proteus mirabilis 3 (3.2%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus 3 (3.2%). The pathogens elicited high resistance (66.7% - 100%) to tetracycline, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, nitrofurantoin and cephalosporins, and moderate resistance (50%) to ofloxacin by P. aeruginosa strains. The isolates were susceptible (100%) to piperacillin-tazobactam and meropenem. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was observed among 97.8% of the bacteria isolated. Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate high occurrence of UTI caused by MDR pathogens among sexually active women with BV with emerging evidence of poor clinical utility of nitrofurantoin and other commonly used first-line antibiotics against UTI. Further studies on non-bacterial aetiology of BV, molecular characterization of S. sa

关键词： Urinary Pathogens Antibiotics Susceptibility Bacterial Vaginosis Women

Are Tuberculosis Patients Managed According to the National Guidelines in Lagos State Nigeria?

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International j.urnal of Clinical Medicine 2016年第1期7卷 16-24页

作者： Olusola Adedej. Adej.mo Olusoj. j.mes Daniel Mustapha Gidado Andrew Folarin Otesanya Esther Ngozi Adej.mo Ebunoluwa O. j.iyesimi Oluwatoyin Esther idowu Olumuyiwa O. Odusanya Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja Lagos Nigeria Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital Sagamu Nigeria KNCV Tuberculosis Foundation/TB CARE I Proj.ct Abuja Nigeria Medical Services Department Central Bank of Nigeria Lagos Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science Babcock University Ilisan-Remo Nigeria Department of Community Health and Primary Health Care College of Medicine Lagos Lagos State University Lagos Nigeria

Setting: Private and public tuberculosis (TB) treatment centers in Lagos State, Nigeria. Obj.ctive: To compare adherence of private and public providers of directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) in the Lagos State TB control program, Nigeria (LSTBLCP) with the national TB guidelines. Design: A retrospective review of treatment cards of TB patients managed within the first and second quarter of 2012 in 34 DOTS facilities {23 public, 7 private for profit (PFP), and 4 private not for profit (PNFP)} involved in the private public mix of the LSTBLCP. Results: Of the 1896 treatment cards reviewed, 1524 (80.4%), 132 (7.0%) and 240 (12.6%) were from public, PFP and PNFP DOTS facilities, respectively. About 19%, 25% and none of the patients managed at the public, PNFP, and PFP DOTS facilities were treated in full adherence with the national guidelines respectively. A significantly higher proportion of adults and sputum smear positive TB patients were treated in full adherence with the national guidelines (p < 0.05). Treatment success was associated with full adherence with the national guidelines. Conclusion: There is a need to reorient health care providers in public and private health facilities in Lagos State Nigeria to ensure full adherence with the national TB guidelines.

关键词： Adherence National Guidelines Health Workers DOTS Facilities

Prospective Evaluation of Outcomes of Mechanical Devices in Women with Symptomatic Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Ogbomoso, South-Western Nigeria

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Open j.urnal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第4期11卷 461-473页

作者： Akintunde Olusegun Fehintola Olufemi Timothy Awotunde Olumuyiwa Ayotunde Ogunlaj. Lawrence Oluj.re Oluj.de Samuel Eniola Akinola Sunday Adekunle Oladej. Babatola Bakare Olurotimi idowu Aaron Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Perinatology Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Osun State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso Oyo State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Royal Hampshire County Hospital Winchester UK Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology Unimed Teaching Hospital Ondo Ondo State Nigeria Department of Anaesthesia Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Osun State Nigeria

Background: Symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (POP) impacts the sufferers’ quality of life negatively. There is a preference for a mechanical device in certain conditions though the definitive management of POP is surgical. Objectives: We conducted the study to evaluate the outcome of management of POP using mechanical devices. Methods: It was a prospective study. It took place in the gynecology unit of the Bowen University Teaching Hospital Ogbomoso between May 2014 and April 2019. We followed up with eligible patients who opted for pessary use for a median duration of 18 months (Range 12 - 84 months). We excluded those who refuse to participate in the study. Results: Of the 127 patients with symptomatic POP, seventy-five (59.1%) opted for the use of mechanical devices, and 70 successfully retained them four weeks after insertion. We lost Six (9.2%) patients to follow up. Of the 64 women included in the analysis, 16 (25%) discontinued use at so

关键词： Mechanical Device Symptomatic Pelvic Organ Prolapse Complications Dis-continuation

Groundwater Assessment of Hand Dug Wells around Open Landfill in Ibadan Metropolis for Domestic and Irrigation Purposes

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j.urnal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第15期6卷 1412-1424页

作者： B. S. Badmus V. C. Ozebo O. A. idowu S. A. Ganiyu O. T. Olurin Department of Physics Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Department of Water Resources and Agrometeorology Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria

Geochemical assessment of groundwater samples from hand-dug wells within the vicinity of Aba-Eku dumpsite was carried out for domestic and irrigation purposes. Ten groundwater samples were collected both in dry season and wet season for analysis of physico-chemical parameters: pH, EC, TDS,The results of the analyses showed the groundwater samples to be within limits of WHO/NSDWQ. However, higher values of concentrations of the chemical constituents were noticed in well 5 nearer to the landfill. Interpretation of Piper diagram showed CaHCO3 to be dominant in the area. Alkaline earth metals ?and weak acids ?are dominant cations and anions over the alkalis and strong acids in both sessions. Groundwater in the study area is of hard, fresh and alkaline nature. Assessment for irrigation purpose showed that most of the water samples were suitable for irrigation purpose except in a few locations.

关键词： Physicochemical Parameters Irrigation Groundwater Freshwater Hydrochemical Analyses

Geospatial Analysis of Flood Vulnerability Levels Based on Physical Characteristics and Resilience Capacity of Peri-Urban Settlements in Nigeria

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j.urnal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第8期10卷 267-288页

作者： Omobolaj. Oluwamuyiwa Afolabi Victoria Oj.ne Emelu Elekwachi Wali Maureen Chidinma Orj. Lilian Chidinma Bosco-Abiahu Olushola idowu Tonye Yemi-j.nathan Odinaka Amadi Wali Sunny Oghenefegor Asomaku Institute of Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Centre for Disaster Risk Management and Development Studies University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Geography University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Development Studies University of Passau Passau Germany Department of Environmental Management Federal University of Technology Owerri Owerri Nigeria Department of Geography and Environmental Management Ignatius Ajuru University of Education Port Harcourt Nigeria

Flooding is becoming a yearly reoccurring event in many communities and cities in Nigeria, leading to the destruction of properties and deaths;hence, we must take measures to either prepare for the impact or curb the occurrence. The study identified flood vulnerability levels of communities in Isoko North LGA based on physical environmental domains such as land use, elevation, and proximity to river channel (drainage) using geospatial techniques. Also, attributes that could contribute to the resilience capacity building of the communities were assessed. From the study, 73.93% of the entire area is moderately and highly vulnerable to flood, while among the communities, seventeen (17) are categorized as moderately vulnerable, and four (4) are lowly vulnerable. The overall resilience capacity of the communities indicated can build a substantial capacity towards community resilience (3.02, 0.06). However, there is a need to encourage collaboration with stakeholders to improve mitigation action and enhance various shortcomings toward resilience capacity building.

关键词： Community Resilience Flood Vulnerability Geospatial Analysis Physical Environment Resilience Capacity

Labetalol versus Hydralazine in the Management of Severe Pre-Eclampsia at Tertiary Hospitals in a Low-Resource Setting: A Randomised Controlled Trial

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Open j.urnal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023年第6期13卷 1058-1067页

作者： Uzoma Otutoaj. Adeyemo Olabisi Timothy Emmanuel Olumide Adewara Olufunmilayo Victoria Adebara Augustine Adebayo Adeniyi Babatunde Sunday Awoyinka Raymond Akuj.obi Okere idowu Oluseyi Adebara Adewumi Bakare Moj.sola Olumide Ayankunle Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ado-Ekiti/Federal Teaching Hospital Afe Babalola University Ido-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Ado-Ekiti/Federal Teaching Hospital Afe Babalola University Ido-Ekiti Nigeria

Obj.ctive: Intravenous labetalol and hydralazine are both considered first-line medications for the management of acute-onset, severe hypertension in pregnant and postpartum women. The study compared the efficacy and safety profile of intravenous labetalol and hydralazine in the control hypertension in severe pre-eclampsia. Materials and Methods: One hundred patients who presented with severe pre-eclampsia were randomized into two study groups. The fifty patients in each arm of the study received either intravenous labetalol or intravenous hydralazine for the control of blood pressure. Results: The mean age of the labetalol subj.cts was 28.6 ± 5.47 years while that of their hydralazine counterparts was 29.12 ± 5.77 years. The maj.rity of respondents in both groups were primigravidae (76% vs. 78%) (P = 0.813). The number of doses of drug needed to significantly lower the mean systolic blood pressure was slightly lower in the labetalol group (2 doses) compared to the hydralazine group (5 doses) (t = 0.803Y, P = 0.977). The incidence of headaches which were the commonest complaints was comparable in both groups 8% and 10% of respondents respectively (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Although both intravenous labetalol and hydralazine are useful in patients with severe pre-eclampsia, the response to labetalol was better with comparable side effects.

关键词： Blood Pressure Hydralazine Labetalol Low-Resource Setting Severe Pre-Eclampsia Side Effects

Maternal Serum Lipids in Pre-Eclamptic and Normotensive Pregnant Women: A Case-Control Study

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Open j.urnal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第11期11卷 1619-1628页

作者： Olumide Emmanuel Adewara Adeleye Niyi Ogundolire Adebayo Augustine Adeniyi Segun Murtala Ghazali Sunday Babatunde Awoyinka idowu Adebara Olumide Moj.sola Ayankunle Ayokunle Moses Olumodej. Olabisi Timothy Adeyemo Adewumi Bakare Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria Department of Chemical Pathology Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Lagos State University Teaching Hospital Ikeja Lagos State Nigeria

Background: Preeclampsia-eclampsia is a maj.r contributor to maternal and fetal, morbidity and mortality especially in low to middle income countries. This hypertensive disorder of pregnancy remains a disease of theor... 详细信息

Background: Preeclampsia-eclampsia is a major contributor to maternal and fetal, morbidity and mortality especially in low to middle income countries. This hypertensive disorder of pregnancy remains a disease of theories due to its unclear etiology. We evaluated for possible associations between maternal serum lipids and preeclampsia. Methods: This was a prospective case-control study that recruited 60 consenting women diagnosed with preeclampsia (cases) and 60 normotensive healthy pregnant women (controls), matched for maternal age and gestational age over an 8-month period (18th June, 2014 to 18th February, 2015) at the Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. Cases and controls were recruited using the non-probability convenience sampling. Fasting venous blood samples were collected in both cases and controls and analyzed for serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) using Randox standard enzymatic methods. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 18 to compare and test for significance using Student t-test, Chi-square, and Pearson’s correlation as the appropriate. Tests of association were determined using logistic regression models. The difference was considered significant at P Findings: The mean serum levels of TC, HDL and LDL were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in the pre-eclamptics (6.6 ± 2.9 mmol/L, 2.1 ± 1.0 mmol/L and 3.6 ± 2.6 mmol/L) th

关键词： Pregnancy and Serum Lipids Serum Lipids and Preeclampsia Preeclampsia

Occurrence and Clinical Characteristics of Vaginitis among Women of Reproductive Age in Lagos, Nigeria

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2022年第4期10卷 91-105页

作者： Chinedum Taahie Oparaugo Bamidele Abiodun Iwalokun Francisca Obiageri Nwaokorie Nathaniel Adeleke Okunloye Adesegun Abiola Adesesan idowu Olaide Edu-Muyideen Abimbola Modupe Adedej. Oliver Chukwuj.kwu Ezechi Mopelola Anotu Dej.-Agboola Biochemistry & Nutrition Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology Olabisi Onabanjo University Ago-Iwoye Nigeria Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Central Research Laboratory Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science College of Medicine University of Lagos Idi-Araba Lagos Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences College of Health Sciences Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Microbiology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Monitoring & Evaluation Unit Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Clinical Science Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria

Background: Vaginitis is an important public health problem globally. It is associated with gynaecological and obstetric complications. Vulvovaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis are mainly responsible for vaginitis. The aim of this study is to determine the occurrence, clinical characteristics and associated risk factors of vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis among women of reproductive age attending Primary Health Care centres in Lagos Nigeria. Methods:This cross-sectional study recruited 258 women with genital complaints after obtaining their informed written consent between May 2017 and March 2018. Structured questionnaires were administered and high vaginal swabs were collected for laboratory examination. The results were analysed with descriptive statistics, chi-square and simple logistic regression. Results: Out of the 210 (81.4%) of the women with one or more vaginal infections, 105 (50.0%), 26 (12.4%) had bacterial vaginosis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis respectively while 78 (37.1%) had both vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis. Only 1 (0.5%) participant had trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis. History of abortion and age below 25 years were associated with vulvovaginal candidiasis while pregnancy, history of miscarriage, age at first sexual activity and discharge were associated with bacterial vaginosis. Itching was associated with both vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis. Conclusion: This study revealed vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis as important cause of genital complaints among reproductive age women in Lagos. Health education, robust diagnosis and early treatment are needed in order to reduce the associated risk factors, disease burden and complications.

关键词： Vaginitis Women Reproductive Age

Analgesic Efficacy of Paracervical Block for Manual Vacuum Aspiration of Incomplete Abortions: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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Open j.urnal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第8期11卷 955-972页

作者： Ekundayo O. Ayegbusi Akintunde O. Fehintola Akinyosoye D. Aj.boye Ayodele idowu Tope O. Okunola Michael S. Archibong Olaj.de E. Babalola Olusegun O. Badej.ko Morebise O. Loto Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Perinatology Faculty of Clinical Sciences College of Health Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife Osun State. Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology State Specialist Hospital Ikare Akoko Ondo State Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria

Introduction: Pain control during Manual Vacuum Aspiration is one of the most important aspects of postabortion care. This study assessed the analgesic efficacy, requirement for additional analgesia, and overall satisfaction using Paracervical blocks of 1% lignocaine compare with normal saline as placebo among women undergoing manual vacuum aspiration for incomplete abortion in OAUTHC, Ile-Ife. Methods: This was a double blind randomized controlled trial that occurred between January 2019 and February 2020. We randomized one hundred and twenty eligible women equally into 2 groups. Group A received paracervical block using 1% lignocaine while those in group B received paracervical block using normal saline as placebo. We obtained ethical clearance from the Ethics and Research Committee of the hospital. Preoperatively, we obtained relevant data and evaluated the degree of anxiety and pain on a visual analog scale (VAS). Intraoperative pain was evaluated from 2 viewpoints: that of the external observer on a 0 - 4 scale and that of the patient scale of 0 - 10 in the immediate postoperative period, followed by overall satisfaction at the point of discharge. We analyzed the data using SPSS version 20. Paired T test, independent T test Chi square<

关键词： Postabortion Care Pain Placebo Paracervical Block