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Studies on the Antibacterial Activity of the Extract of Stachysarpheta angustifolia

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南京医科大学学报（自然科学版） 2003年第4期23卷 424-424页

作者： Yakubu m bello Odama L E Nandita B De DepartmentofIntergratedScience CollegeofEducation.PMB39MinnanigerStateNigeria

Objective:To investigate the scientific bases for the traditional use of stachytarpheta ***:In vitro antibacterial activity of the aqueous and ethanol extract of the plant was investigated using the agar cup plate diffustion ***:The ethanol extract of the plant showed antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli,Streptococcus faecalis,Shigella dysenteriae,Staphylococcus aureus(***),Salmonella sp., pseudomonas aeruginosa and Neisseria gonorthoseae,while the water extract was active against Escherichia coli,Streptococcus faecalis,Shigella dysenteriae,Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas *** ethanol extract exhibited higher antibacterial activity than the water extract,The minimum inhibitory comcentration(mIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration(mBC) of the ethanol extract were0.65g/L and 0.85g/L,*** *** of the extract at higher temperature,60℃ increased the sensitivity of the test of ganisms to the plant *** analysis indicated that the plant possesses tannins,saponins as well as ***:A scientific basis that the plant possesses antibacterial activity and it could be a probable source of therapeutic agent.

关键词：中药 Stachysarpheta-angustifolia 抗菌活性提取工艺

Recent antibacterial agents from biomass derivatives:Characteristics and applications

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第3期9卷 283-309页

作者： Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat Alif Faturahman Hidayat R.A.Ilyas Senthil muthu Kumar Thiagamani Nur Izyan Wan Azeele Fahriya Puspita Sari maya Ismayati mohammad Irfan Bakshi Zaharaddeen N.Garba m.Hazwan Hussin Witta Kartika Restu Wasrin Syafii Harits Atika Ariyanta Widya Fatriasari Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Kawasan KST SoekarnoJl Raya Bogor KM 46 Cibinong Bogor 16911Indonesia Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems School of Chemical EngineeringAalto UniversityEspoo 16300Finland Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Chemical and Energy EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor 81310Malaysia Centre for Advanced Composite materials Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor 81310Malaysia Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization Universiti Malaysia PerlisPerlis 02600Malaysia Department of mechanical Engineering Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil 626126India Institute of Bioproduct Development(IBD) Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor 81310Malaysia Department of Chemistry Ahmadu Bello UniversityZaria 810211Nigeria materials Technology Research Group(maTReC) School of Chemical SciencesUniversiti Sains MalaysiaMinden 11800Malaysia Research Center for Chemistry National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Kawasan Puspiptek SerpongSouth Tangerang 15314Indonesia Department of Forest Products Faculty of Forestry and EnvironmentIPB UniversityBogor 16680Indonesia Department of Pharmacy Gunadarma UniversityDepok 16424Indonesia Research Collaboration Center of Biomass-Based Nano Cosmetic In collaboration with National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)SamarindaEast KalimantanIndonesia

Enhancing awareness of personal cleanliness and antibacterial resistance has intensified the antibacterial substance request on consumable products. Antibacterial agents that have been commercialized nowadays are produced from inorganic and non-renewable substances. This provides several drawbacks, particularly against health and environmental issues. Therefore, many scientists work on substituting fossil-fuel-based antibacterial agents with natural ones such as from biomass. Biomass derivatives, natural abundances of biopolymers in the world, amount to major compounds including polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicellulose, and chitosan) and polyphenol (tannin and lignin) substances which are capable to combat the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria. To date, no report focuses on a deep understanding of antibacterial properties derived from biomass and the internal and external factors effects. This work provides that gap because comprehensive knowledge is necessary before applying biomass to the products. The potency of biomass derivatives as antibacterial additives is also summarized. Basic knowledge of antibacterial characteristics to the application in products is highlighted in this review. Besides, the discussion about challenges and future perspectives is also delivered.

关键词： Antibacterial Application Biomass derivatives Challenge Future perspectives

Reliability of Rapid Diagnostic Test （RDT） for malaria among Pregnant Women in Ido-Ekiti, Western Nigeria

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018年第9期6卷 825-834页

作者： Ibrahim A. O. bello I. S. Shabi O. m. Gabriel-Alayode E.m. Agboola S. m. Elegbede O. T. Department of Family medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti 3 71002 Nigeria Department of Family medicine Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Ile Ire 220282 Nigeria Department of Family medicine Ale Babalola University Ado-Ekiti 360001 Nigeria

Background： malaria is the commonest cause of anemia in pregnancy with severe consequence on the developing fetus. Recent clamor by the WHO for testing before treatment has driven a need to assess the effectiveness of available Rapid Diagnostic Tests （RDTs）. Objective： To determine the reliability of Rapid Diagnostic Tests （RDTs） for malaria among pregnant women booking in Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria. materials and methods： A cross-sectional study of 240 pregnant women were recruited at booking over a period of twenty weeks. A semi-structured questionnaire sought information about socio demographic data. Blood samples were taken for malaria and diagnosis was done using RDT and microscopy. Results： Prevalence of malaria was 22.1% by microscopy and 27.5% by RDT. The sensitivity of RDT was 88.7% and specificity was 89.8%. The positive predictive value （PPV） of RDT was 71.2%, the Negative predictive value （NPV） of RDT was 96.6% and accuracy was 89.6%. The reliability of RDT was good （Kappa statistics = 0.731）. The reliability of RDTs when compared with that of microscopy was also good （Kappa statistics = 0.722）. Conclusions： RDTs was an effective screening test for malaria among the respondents. Hence, primary care physician should utilize this resource by advocating for its availability.

关键词： Reliability RDT malaria pregnant women

Color Image Reconstruction by Discrete Orthogonal moment

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Journal of Data Analysis and Information Processing 2017年第4期5卷 156-166页

作者： J. S. Rivera-López C. J. Camacho-bello Universidad Politécnica de Tulancingo Tulancingo México

Image reconstruction can help to determine how well an image may be characterized by a small finite set of its moments. Also, we can identify the number of descriptors needed to describe an image. In this work, we present a comparative analysis using different set of discrete orthogonal moments in terms of normalized image reconstruction error (NIRE). Color image reconstruction is performed with different color channels and various orders of different discrete orthogonal moments. Finally the results obtained by the reconstruction of three color images with different families of orthogonal moments and an error analysis to compare their capacity of description are presented, also the conclusions obtained from this work are presented.

关键词： Reconstructed Color Image Discrete Orthogonal moment Comparative Analysis

Clinical Features and Haematological Indices of Neonatal Septicaemia in Poor Resource Setting

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2016年第1期6卷 60-68页

作者： Simon Pius mustapha bello Gadzama Bala Galadima Abdullahi Bukar Yakubu mava Jose Pwavimbo Ambe Dapartment of Paediatrics University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri Nigeria Department of Clinical microbiology University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri Nigeria Department of Haematology University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital Maiduguri Nigeria Department of Paediatrics Bingham University Teaching Hospital Jos Nigeria

Background: The burden of neonatal septicaemia has remained high worldwide and even more severe in the developing countries like ours. Clinical manifestation is variable and non-specific thereby resulting in delay in diagnosis. Blood culture which is the gold standard for diagnosis of neonatal septicaemia (NNS) has many drawbacks due to long waiting time for culture process, low yield, improper inoculation adding to the problem of late diagnosis. Haematological parameters have been utilized in rapid and early diagnosis of NNS and prompt treatment thus circumventing problems associated with drawbacks in blood culture. Objective: The study was to identify the common clinical features of neonatal septicaemia and haematological indices that were commonly utilized in rapid diagnosis of NNS, and also to determine their sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive and negative predictive value. materials and methods: The study was prospective and neonates that had clinical features suggestive of neonatal septicaemia were enrolled consecutively into the study. The patients were appropriately investigated including blood cultures, CSF cultures and urine among others, also blood sample for packed cell volume (PCV), total white cell count (TWBC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute platelet count (APC). Immature to mature neutrophil ratio (I/mNR), immature to total neutrophil ratio (I/TNR) and micro-ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) was also done and analyzed. Results: The common clinical symptoms were fever 39.5%, poor feeding 33.6%, excessive cry 38.7%, difficulty in breathing 50.0%, yellowish skin 26.9%, while the common physical signs were hyper/hypothermia 41.1%, tachypnoea 41.2%, septic umbilical stump 64.0%, hepatomegally 37.3% and convulsions 42.0%. Blood culture yield was positive in 41.82% and mortality was as high as 28.00%, the incidence of NNS was 5.9/1000 live births. The haematological parameters as marker of NNS PCV, TWBC, ANC, APC, I/mNR, I/TNR and m

关键词： Neonatal Septicaemia Clinical Features Haematological Indices Early Diagnosis Poor Resources Setting

Occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in edible frogs (Rana species) sold for human consumption in Hanwa frog market, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

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Journal of Coastal Life medicine 2017年第5期5卷 202-205页

作者： Grace Sabo Nok Kia Blessing Iveren Ukuma mathias bello Odoba Jerome Unubi Okpanachi Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive medicine Faculty of Veterinary MedicineAhmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria

Objective: To determine the occurrence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in edible frogs (Rana spp.) sold at the Hanwa frog market, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. methods: A total of 117 frogs (Rana spp.) were randomly collected based on consent and availability at the market. The intestinal contents from the frogs were examined by staining flotation and sedimentation smears with modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining technique and microscopy of the oocysts. Results: Overall, 35.9% of frogs sampled from the Hanwa frog market were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts. There were more Cryptosporidium oocysts detected by sedimentation test (28.2%) than flotation test (23.9%). There was no significant statistical association between sex of frogs and oocyst detection (χ2 = 0.5349, P > 0.05). Also, there was no correlation between the weights of frogs and the sizes of the Cryptosporidium oocysts detected (r = 0.0109, P > 0.05). Nevertheless, female frogs (40%) and frogs within the weight range 170–219 g were more infected with Cryptosporidium (66.7%). Oocysts size range 6.10–7.00 μm had the highest frequency of 10 (23.8%). By size 28.2% of the oocysts detected suggested infection with Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium maleagridis. Conclusions: This study has established that edible frogs (Rana spp.) sold at the Hanwa frog market for human consumption were infected with Cryptosporidium spp. which constitutes a valid public health risk especially for immunocompromised individuals.

关键词： Cryptosporidium oocysts Edible frogs (Rana spp.) Frog market Zoonotic potential Nigeria

The Effect of Copper Addition on the mechanical and Wear Properties of Grey Cast Iron

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Journal of minerals and materials Characterization and Engineering 2014年第5期2卷 470-483页

作者： J. O. Agunsoye S. A. bello S. B. Hassan R. G. Adeyemo J. m. Odii Department of metallurgical and materials Engineering University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

An alloy of cast iron and copper (Fe-Cu) has been developed using a stir cast process. The compo-sitional, microstructural characterization and wear property of the developed Fe-Cu alloy were carried out with the aids of X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope (SEm) and pin on Disc machine. The mechanical properties such as hardness and impact energy were investigated. Wear linear equations were generated with the aids of mATLAB linear fitting. The results revealed that the presence of copper (99% pure) in the melt of grey cast iron inhibited the formation of cementite. However, the impact energy of the grey cast iron increased with %weight (wt) of copper addition. Hence, the hardness and wear resistance of the developed Fe-Cu alloy were sacrificed. Hence, the developed Fe-Cu alloy is an excellent material which can be used in the vibration damping application especially in the shock absorber.

关键词： Wear Resistance Linear Curve Fitting Toughness Enhancement Development

Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of African medicinal plants

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Journal of Coastal Life medicine 2017年第1期5卷 16-21页

作者： Ademola Zaid Aderolu muyideen Owonire Lawal Olufemi Olukolajo Soyinka Adekunle Taofeek Adeleke mariam Damilola bello Department of marine Sciences University of LagosAkokaLagosNigeria

Objective:To study antioxidant and antimicrobial properties ofTerminalia catappa,Psidium guajava,Alstonia boonei,morinda lucida (m. lucida) andSpondias mombin leave extracts using ethanol, petroleum-ether and aqueous media. methods: The free radical 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydroazyl was used to measure scavenging activities of extracts, while phenolic and flavonoid content were estimated by spectrophotometry. Antibacterial screening of extracts was done by determining zone of inhibition using disc diffusion method. Plant extracts were tested against five strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. After sterilization, the discs were loaded with concentrations of broad spectrum ciprofloxacin, and prepared extract solutions of different concentrations were refrigerated for 24 h. Determination of minimum inhibitory concentration of extracts in the screening assay was according to micro-broth dilution, while determination of minimum bactericidal concentration was carried out by agar diffusion. Results: The highest radical scavenging effect was found in petroleum ether extracts of all the plants withm. lucida andPsidium guajava having the highest and lowest values respectively. Aqueous solvent recorded highest phenolic content in all extracts with the exception ofm. lucida. Flavonoid content was extracted better fromAlstonia boonei andm. lucida with ethanol, while aqueous solvent extracted more from the other plants. With exception of extracts from petroleum ether, all others exhibited varying levels of antibacterial activities againstE. coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Salmonella typhi,Vibrio cholera andStaphylococcus aureus. Conclusions:This study proved that all crude extracts showed strong antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials, which qualified them as nutraceuticals in fish feed production.

关键词： Total flavonoid content Total phenolic content Antioxidant activity Antimicrobial activity African medicinal plants

The Potentials of Kyanite Particles and Coconut Shell Ash as Strengthener in Aluminum Alloy Composite for Automobile Brake Disc

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Journal of minerals and materials Characterization and Engineering 2020年第3期8卷 84-96页

作者： Simon Godenaan Datau mohammed Ahmed Bawa Jacob Shekwonudu Jatau muhammad Hamisu muhammad Adekunle Sefiu bello Department of mechanical Engineering University of Jos Jos Nigeria Department of mechanical/Production Engineering Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi Nigeria Department of materials Science and Engineering Kwara State University Malete Nigeria

The use of waste materials to produce engineering components is currently attracting so much interest due to their low cost, availability and environmental impact. In this study, coconut shell ash (CSA) and kyanite particles (KP) produced from coconut shells and kyanite mineral respectively were characterized. X-ray Florence (XRF), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEm) were used to analyze the oxide compositions, crystalline phases and microstructures of CSA and KP. The XRF analysis revealed major oxides in CSA and KP as SiO2 and Fe2O3;and Al2O3 and SiO2 respectively. The XRD analysis revealed the presence of Quartz, Hematite, Andradite and Gaultite phases at major peaks in diffractogram of CSA;and Quartz and Beryl phases at major peaks in the diffractogram of KP. The crystallite sizes of the quartz phases in CSA and KP at diffraction angle of 26.72°C and 20.91°C were determined as 638.28 Åand 789.38 Årespectively. From the SEm image of CSA, it was observed that particles of different sizes are present in the microstructure of CSA. The average size of the particles in the microstructure of CSA is 26.24 μm. A similar result was observed in the SEm image of KP and average size of the particles is 3.074 μm. Also, the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrums of CSA and KP revealed the presence of many elements with calcium as the major element in CSA and Aluminium as major element in KP. The presence of the crystalline phases in CSA (SiO2, Al2O3, andradite, gaultite and hematite) and KP (SiO2 and Al2O3) will make them good strengthening materials for the production of Aluminium based composites that can be used in applications where a good combination of strength and wear characteristics is a basic requirement like brake disc.

关键词： Kyanite Particles Coconut Shell Ash Oxide Compounds Crystalline Phases Density and Strengtheners