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Bioassays and proteomics as early detection tools in postharvest management of table grapes(Vitis vinifera L.)diseases-A Review

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Food Bioscience 2023年第3期53卷 256-266页

作者： Itumeleng E.Kgang Ashwil Klein Lizex Husselmann Andrew Nkomo Patricia M.K.Mathabe Zinash A.Belay oluwafemi james caleb University of the Western Cape Department of BiotechnologyBellville7530South Africa Royal Agricultural University School of AgricultureFood&the EnvironmentStroud RoadCirencesterGL76JSUnited Kingdom Postharvest and Agro-Processing Technologies(PHATs) Agricultural Research Council(ARC)Infruitec-NietvoorbijPrivate Bag X5026Stellenbosch7599South Africa Department of Food Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityMatieland7602South Africa Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityMatieland7602South Africa

Postharvest diseases are a major concern to the table grapes(Vitis vinifera L.)industry,leading to huge economic losses *** postharvest disease and early detection of fruit pathogens are crucial to mitigate disease infestation and facilitate effective management *** the years,traditional visual scouting for symptoms combined with biochemical assays,serological tests and/or DNA-based approach have been useful tools in fruit disease ***,these tools have drawbacks in accurately detecting diseases during asymptomatic ***,these methods are not the most effective for disease confirmation and pathogen *** contrast,proteomics could provided instantaneous results that can be used to identify asymptomatic disease stages on table ***,this review provides an overview on the postharvest disease causing pathogens and associated symptoms on table *** of using changes in biochemical assays and proteomics as early response signal in postharvest disease management were *** article proposed the need for continued advancement in the development of conventional tools,with emphasized on combining these tools with more robust and responsive novel approaches for better early disease diagnostic strategies.

关键词： Vitis vinifera L. Ascorbate peroxidase assay Superoxide dismutase assay Malondialdehyde assay Food security

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Advances in non-thermal technologies for whole and minimally processed apple fruit–A review

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Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 1367-1381页

作者： Nandi E.Nyamende Gunnar O.Sigge Zinash A.Belay Rebogile R.Mphahlele Ayodeji B.Oyenihi Asanda Mditshwa Zaharan M.Hussein oluwafemi james caleb Department of Food Science Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityPrivate Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa Agri-Food Systems and Omics Laboratory Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs)Agricultural Research Council (ARC) Infruitec-NietvoorbijPrivate Bag X5026Stellenbosch7599South Africa Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies (PHATs) ARC - Tropical and Sub-tropical CropsPrivate Bag X11208Mbombela1200South Africa Functional Foods Research Unit Faculty of Applied SciencesCape Peninsula University of TechnologyBellville CampusP.O.Box 1906Bellville7535South Africa School of Agriculture Earth and Environmental SciencesCollege of AgricultureEngineering and ScienceUniversity of KwaZulu-Natal (PMB-Campus)Private Bag X01Scottsville3209South Africa Department of Applied Sciences College of Science and Technical EducationMbeya University of Science and TechnologyP.O.Box 131MbeyaTanzania Africa Institute for Postharvest Technology Faculty of AgriSciencesStellenbosch UniversityPrivate Bag X1Stellenbosch7602South Africa

Apples are rich sources of bioactive compounds(e.g.,anthocyanins,flavanols,flavonols,and antioxidant activity),and micronutrients(e.g.,vitamins,zinc,and iron)that are essential for normal human body *** compounds in apples help to regulate immune responses and protect against chronic diseases by neutralizing and eliminating cellular free *** fruit production is ranked second globally,which has economic *** conventional industry practice of using chlorine-based chemical disinfectants has been discouraged based on public health concerns,and by strict policies limiting chemical residues on fresh or minimally processed ready to eat ***,the aim of this review is to provide a critical assessment on the status of emerging non-thermal technologies such as cold plasma,pulsed electric fields,ozone,electrolyzed water,and edible coatings for the whole and minimally processed apple fruit *** influence of these non-thermal technologies on microbial decontamination,preservation of bioactive compounds,and overall quality of apples during storage is *** addition,based on extensive report on various studies about non-thermal technologies for *** review concluded that future investigations should focus on balancing the decontamination performance of these non-thermal technologies with the preservation of essential nutritional quality attributes,providing guidance for the apple fruit industry.

关键词： Malus domestica Electrolyzed water Plasma activated water Pulsed electric fields Ozone Fruit quality

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Massive transfusion:An update for the anesthesiologist

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World Journal of Anesthesiology 2017年第1期6卷 14-21页

作者： Charles Fredericks John C Kubasiak caleb J Mentzer james R Yon Department of General Surgery Rush University Medical Center Department of Trauma University of Miami Ryder Trauma Center Department of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery Swedish Medical Center

Exsanguination from trauma, gastrointestinal bleeding,and obstetric hemorrhage remains a major source of mortality across the planet. Continued research into resuscitation strategies and evolving technology and blood product storage has allowed for patient to undergo very large volume transfusions, even to the point of replacing a patient's blood volume several times over. As massive transfusions have become more common, more studies have been performed delineating the exact patient population that would benefit, start-and stop-points of transfusions, complications and avoidance of the same. We discuss these points and provide information and strategies for massive transfusion.

关键词： Massive transfusion protocol Exsanguinating blood loss Blood transfusion Trauma surgery

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Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in inflammatory bowel disease:The role of chronic inflammation

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2020年第5期11卷 104-113页

作者： Simcha Weissman Preetika Sinh Tej I Mehta Rishi K Thaker Abraham Derman caleb Heiberger Nabeel Qureshi Viralkumar Amrutiya Adam Atoot Maneesh Dave james H Tabibian Department of Medicine Hackensack Meridian Health Palisades Medical CenterNorth BergenNJ 07047United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States Department of Medicine University of South Dakota Sanford School of MedicineSioux FallsSD 57108United States Department of Medicine New York PresbyterianBrooklynNY 11215United States Department of Medicine Mount Sinai-Saint Luke’s RooseveltNY 10025United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCA 95817United States Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineOlive View-UCLA Medical CenterSylmarCA 91342United States David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los AngelesCA 90001United States

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)causes systemic vascular *** increased risk of venous as well as arterial thromboembolic phenomena in IBD is well *** recently,a relationship between IBD and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)has been *** inflammatory diseases,such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus,have well characterized cardiac pathologies and treatments that focus on prevention of disease associated *** impact of chronic inflammation on ASCVD in IBD remains poorly *** manuscript aims to review and summarize the current literature pertaining to IBD and ASCVD with respect to its pathophysiology and impact of medications in order to encourage further research that can improve understanding and help develop clinical recommendations for prevention and management of ASCVD in patients with IBD.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Atherosclerosis Thromboembolism Chronic inflammation Pathophysiology

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Toxicological Assessment of Irvingia gabonensis Leaf Extracts in Albino Rats: A Comparative Study between Aqueous and Ethanol Extraction Methods

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2023年第4期13卷 143-170页

作者： Stanley Chukwuma Okereke Valentine Chibuike Edom caleb Joel Nwaogwugwu Chinomso Friday Aaron Ifegwu Prince Oko Iwuchukwu Bruno Obinna George Ugochukwu Ekechukwu Udochukwu Stanley Alugbuo Ugoaghalam Uche james Department of Biochemistry Abia State University Uturu Nigeria Department of Chemistry Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA Department of Computer Information System Prairie View A&M University Prairie View TX USA

Background: This study aimed to assess the toxicity of Irvingia gabonensis leaf extracts in albino rats and investigate their effects on body weight, liver function parameters, and renal function parameters. The research specifically compared the outcomes of aqueous and ethanol extraction methods. Methods: Acute toxicity was evaluated by administering a single oral dose of Irvingia gabonensis leaf extracts to rats and monitoring them for 24 hours and during a 14-day observation period. Sub-acute toxicity was assessed through a 28-day administration of the leaf extract. Body weight changes, liver function parameters, and renal function parameters were measured and compared among treatment groups. Results: No signs of toxicity or mortality were observed in rats treated with Irvingia gabonensis leaf extracts obtained through either aqueous or ethanol extraction methods. The calculated lethal dose required to cause mortality in 50% of the tested animals (LD50) exceeded 5000 mg/kg body weight. Oral administration of the leaf extract at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight did not induce any observable signs of toxicity or adverse effects during the 28-day study period. Male and female albino rats treated with the leaf extract showed significant weight gains compared to the control group. Higher doses (800 mg/kg) of both aqueous and ethanol extracts led to increased levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin in male albino rats, with the ethanol extract exhibiting a more pronounced effect. The administration of the ethanol extract, particularly at the lower dose (400 mg/kg), resulted in decreased levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, and ALP), suggesting potential liver protective properties. Additionally, bilirubin levels, a marker of liver dysfunction, were significantly reduced in all treatment groups, with the lowest levels observed in the groups receiving higher doses of both aqueous and ethanol extracts. The administration of Irvingia gabonensis leaf e

关键词： Irvingia gabonensis Leaf LD50 Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicology Histopathology

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