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Anaerobic digestion of cyanobacteria and chlorella to produce methane for biofuel

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2012年第3期5卷 68-74页

作者： Abiodun o.jegede Centre for Energy Research and Development Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-IfeOsunNigeria

The methane potentials of cyanobacteria and chlorella have been investigated in eight different lab scale reactors at 25℃for three-day Hydraulic Retention Time(HRT).Autoclavation pre-treatment was applied to the cyanobacteria to aid digestion,while the Chlorella was obtained and digested in powdery *** organic loading rates were 1g VS,2 g VS,3 g VS,4 g VS,5 g VS,6 g VS,7 g VS,8 g VS and 9 g *** production rates increased with increasing loading rates and started declining at loading rate higher than 7 g VS,while the HRT was kept *** highest methane production rates for cyanobacteria and chlorella were(78±25)mL/(L·d)and(100±25)mL/(L·d),respectively,at loading rate of 7 g *** instability occurred at loading rates of 8 g VS and 9 g VS with higher accumulation of methane *** compositions of both feeds were close and the methane production potentials of both biomasses were also close and followed the same trend.

关键词： anaerobic digestion biofuel carbon dioxide(Co2) Hydraulic Retention Time(HRT) methane(CH4) chemical oxygen demand(CoD) volatile fatty acids(VFAs)

Assessing resources for implementing a community directed intervention (CDI) strategy in delivering multiple health interventions in urban poor communities in Southwestern Nigeria: a qualitative study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2013年第1期2卷 195-212页

作者： Ikeoluwapo o Ajayi Ayodele S jegede Catherine o Falade Johannes Sommerfeld Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Unit Institute of Medical Research and TrainingCollege of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Sociology The Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of MedicineUniversity of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadanNigeria Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases(TDR) World Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland

Background:Many simple,affordable and effective disease control measures have had limited impact due to poor access especially by the poorer populations(urban and rural)and inadequate community participation.A proven strategy to address the problem of access to health interventions is the Community Directed Interventions(CDI)approach,which has been used successfully in rural *** study was carried out to assess resources for the use of a CDI strategy in delivering health interventions in poorly-served urban communities in Ibadan,***:A formative study was carried out in eight urban poor communities in the Ibadan metropolis in the oyo *** methods comprising 12 focus group discussions(FGDs)with community members and 73 key informant interviews(KIIs)with community leaders,programme managers,community-based organisations(CBos),non-government organisations(NGos)and other stakeholders at federal,state and local government levels were used to collect data to determine prevalent diseases and healthcare delivery services,as well as to explore the potential resources for a CDI *** interviews were audio *** analysis was used to analyse the ***:Malaria,upper respiratory tract infection,diarrhoea and measles were found to be prevalent in children,while hypertension and diabetes topped the list of diseases among *** was financed mainly by out-of-pocket *** and location were identified as hindrances to utilisation of health facilities;informal cooperatives(esusu)were available to support those who could not pay for ***,nutrition,reproductive health,tuberculosis(TB)and leprosy,environmental health,malaria and HIV/AIDs control programmes were the ongoing *** strategies included house-to-house,home-based treatment,health education and *** participation in the planning,implementation and monitoring of development projects was reported as common practic

关键词： Community directed intervention Urban poor Health interventions Community participation

Comparative Analysis of Ki-67 Protein as a Proliferative Expression Index in Cutaneous Basal and Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Federal Medical Centre Umuahia, Nigeria

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open Journal of Pathology 2024年第4期14卷 91-106页

作者： Felix E. Ehidiamhen Godson o. Eze Stanley E. ogbata Cornelius C. Chukwuegbo Lateef A. odukoya Andrew I. okoawoh Doubra o. owolabi Robinson U. Ugwuanyi olushola.o. jegede Chinedu N. Idakari Martins A. Nnoli Modupeola o. Samaila Department of Anatomical Pathology Federal Medical Centre Umuahia Nigeria Department of Anatomical Pathology David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital Uburu Nigeria Department of Clinical Services and Training David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital Uburu Nigeria Mayo Clinic Rochester USA Department of Emergency St. Peters Hospital (Ashford and St Peters NHS Foundation Trust) Chertsey England Department of Morbid Anatomy University of Benin Benin City Nigeria Department of obstetrics and Gynaecology David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital Uburu Nigeria Department of Medical Microbiology David Umahi Federal University Teaching Hospital PMB Uburu Nigeria Department of Anatomic Pathology University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar Nigeria Department of Pathology Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences College of Medical Sciences Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria

Background: Evaluating the tumor proliferative index helps predict clinical behavior and provides prognostic insights for cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (cBCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC). objective: This study aimed to identify differences in the proliferative indices among variants of cBCC and cSCC diagnosed at a tertiary healthcare center. Method: Skin biopsies histologically diagnosed as cBCC and cSCC between 2012 and 2018 at the Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria, were analyzed. Archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks were retrieved along with clinical data, and were prepared on charged microscope slides and the immunohistochemical staining was carried out. The primary antibody used in this study was clone BioCare CRM325C (RM) and adenotonsillar tissue blocks/slides served as positive controls. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry was performed on fresh 4µm sections of the tumor specimens. Results: The application of Ki-67 immunoperoxidase on both BCC and SCC cohort, yielded an intense observable brownish nuclear stain in areas of dense proliferating tumour cells on both cutaneous tumours. The average Ki-67 index for all cSCC cases was 24.7%, with a range of 2.3% - 80%, while the mean for cBCC was 15.8%, ranging from 1.2% - 45.6%. Variants with high proliferative indices were observed in 11.9% of cBCC cases and 29.1% of cSCC cases. Among the low proliferative index category, cSCC accounted for 5.4%, while cBCC represented 14.3%. For mild proliferative indices, cSCC cases made up 7.3% and cBCC, 11.9%. The majority of cases showed moderate proliferative indices, with 61.9% for cBCC and 58.2% for cSCC. overall, there was a significant difference in proliferative indices between cSCC, cBCC, and their variants. Conclusion: The study found a significantly higher rate of cell proliferation, measured by Ki-67 immunostaining, in cSCC and its variants compared to cBCC. However, certain variants of cBCC also exhibited high Ki-67

关键词： Ki-67 Expression Cancer Proliferation Histological Variants Squamous Cell Carcinoma Basal Cell Carcinoma

Women’s Reproductive Autonomy and the Ethics of Baby Making: The Nigerian Case Study

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Journal of Health Science 2019年第6期7卷 327-336页

作者： Chitu Womehoma Princewill Ayodele Samuel jegede National Biotechnology Development Agency Umaru Musa Yar’Adua Express RoadAbujaP.M.B 5118Nigeria Faculty of Social Sciences Department of SociologyUniversity of IbadanIbadanOyo StateNigeria

This study originates from a larger study carried out on the autonomy and reproductive rights of married Ikwerre women of Rivers State,*** examined the use of women for the sole purposes of making babies by couples who are unable to produce children *** study explored a purposive qualitative research *** collection was from December 2014 to March,*** four(34)IDIs(in-depth interviews)and six FGDs(focus group discussions)were conducted with married Ikwerre women between the ages of 22 and 60 years with various educational backgrounds,who are either in monogamous or polygynous *** were analyzed *** on understanding of autonomy,reasons for getting married,choice of marriage,effect of marriage,and educational qualifications were *** showed that some women are married off for the sole purpose of making babies for couples who cannot have biological *** baby making wives are often very unhappy because of the status they are made to assume after having children for these couples.A few are happy,because they see being married for whatever reason as better than being *** laws should be put in place to regulate ART(Assisted Reproductive Technology)in *** will help eliminate the exploitation of women for baby making.

关键词： Nigeria Ikwerre baby making autonomy women infertility

Environmental Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Production in Ekiti State, Nigeria

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第6期2卷 742-748页

作者： Joseph Adunbi ogundele Amen osamede jegede Department of Geography and Planning Science Faculty of the Social Sciences Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti P.M.B 5363Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

Climate change will impact agriculture and food production around the world due to the effects of elevated Co2 in the atmosphere, higher temperature, altered precipitation and transpiration regimes, increased frequency of extreme events, and modified weed, pest and pathogen pressure. Data of this study were collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary sources of data were collected using two sets of structured questionnaires. A total number of three hundred （300） questionnaires were administered on categories of respondents in this study. Results of this study revealed that food crops are the major crops cultivated in the study area, and the effects of climate change on agricultural production results in soil loss, plant nutrient loss, textural change, increase in pest and diseases and poor yield germination etc.. This study therefore recommended that cover trees should be planted, which will provide shade and reduce heat, due to climate change and the preservation of underground water.

关键词： Agricultural production climate change environment and impact.

Second to Fourth Digit Ratio(2D:4D) as a Predictor of Adult Circulating Sex Hormones and overweight/obesity in Ado-Ekiti Nigeria

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2018年第7期31卷 539-544页

作者： oYEYEMI Fatai Bolaji ADEBAYo John oluwafemi oYEYEMI Adekunle Wahab ADEoLA Iyabo Cecilia AYANWoLE Elizabeth Tope jegede Febisola oluwatoyin oGUNSAKIN Ruth oluwakemi Integrative Biology Unit Transcriptional Regulation Group International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Department of Science Technology The Federal Polytechnic Ado-Ekiti Department of Physiology Igbinedion university

The ratio of the second-to-fourth digit length（2D：4D）has been shown to be sexually dimorphic,with males having lower mean than females and the ratio relates to masculinity and femininity in adults.2D：4D is influenced by digit growth pattern which is related to the ratio of prenatal androgen to estrogen levels in the later part of the first trimester.

关键词： WC WHR Second to Fourth Digit Ratio BMI NC FSH

Evaluation of Laboratory Performance with Quality Indicators in Infectious Disease Hospital, Kano, Nigeria

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open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2015年第1期5卷 1-9页

作者： Feyisayo Ebenezer jegede Henry Akwen Mbah Mansur Aminu Timothy Nathaniel Yakubu Kwasi Torpey Family Health International (FHI360) Abuja Nigeria Infectious Disease Hospital Laboratory Kano Nigeria

Background: In January 2010, the implementation of quality management systems toward WHo-AFRo laboratory accreditation commenced in the Antiretroviral Treatment Laboratory of the Infectious Disease Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Quality improvement projects were instituted in 2011 in line with ISo 15189 requirements for accreditation of medical laboratory. In this study we evaluated the performance of the laboratory through some set of quality indicators (QI). Methodology: This was a retrospective study to evaluate laboratory QIs monitored from January 2011 to December 2013. The QIs were specimen rejection rate (SSR), turnaround time (TAT), proficiency testing performance (PTP) and client satisfaction survey (CSS). Data was collected into an excel file for analysis and percentage performance compared among years. SSR & TAT were evaluated with the Sigma scale. Results: A total of 7920 (2194 in 2011, 2715 in 2012, 3011 in 2013) specimens were received for testing. 22 (0.28%) specimens were rejected and 81 (1.02%) specimens’ results were reported after the acceptable TAT, giving a Sigma level of 4.27 and 3.82 for SSR and TAT respectively. There was steady improvement in PTP: CD4+ from 67% in 2011 to 90% in 2013, hematology from 81% in 2012 to 83% in 2013, blood film reading 79% in 2011 to 83% in 2013 and chemistry from 90% in 2011 to 93% in 2013. HIV serology recorded 100% throughout. CSS increased from 59% in 2012 to 78% in 2013. However, there was no statistically significance difference reported for PTP and CSS over the years (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The study highlights the need to continuously evaluate QIs and calls for more effort to improve on PTP and focuses on understanding and improving on clients concerns.

关键词： Evaluation Laboratory Quality Indicators Six Sigma Nigeria

Laboratory Quality Audit in 25 Anti-Retroviral Therapy Facilities in North West of Nigeria

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open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2014年第4期4卷 193-204页

作者： Feyisayo Ebenezer jegede Henry Akwen Mbah Timothy Nathaniel Yakubu oluwasanmi Adedokun olubunmi Ruth Negedu-Momoh Kwasi Torpey Family Health International (FHI360) Abuja Nigeria

Introduction: A laboratory’s ability to consistently produce high-quality and reliable results hinges on adopting laboratory standards that guide daily practices to ensure steady quality improvement. Although assessment is an extremely rewarding exercise in health care quality improvement processes, it is always considered very time consuming and expensive in developing world settings. A quarterly internal audit was conducted in 25 FHI360 supported Antiretroviral Treatment laboratories in the North West of Nigeria which can surely provide reference for other countries. Methodology: A checklist adapted from the World Health organization/African Regional office laboratory accreditation checklist was used to quantitatively evaluate 7 quality essentials (QEs). A team composed of technical staff from FHI360, State Ministry of Health and facility laboratory heads, conducted the audits, developed and monitored intervention plans. Information obtained with the checklist was captured in excel, validated and imported into Grappa Prism software version 5.0 for analysis. Results: Most (92%) facilities were at secondary level with (8%) at tertiary level. The mean total score on all QEs across the facilities was 63.34 ± 9.77 in quarter (Q) 1, 68.8 ± 10.91 in Q2, 72.59 ± 8.02 in Q3 and 72.72 ± 9.16 in Q4 (p ≤ 0.0001). The most improved QE through Q1-Q4 was organization and personnel (32.2%), while signage/bench top reference had an 18.6% point decline. In ranking facilities based on differences of total scores between Q4 and Q1, Kachia General Hospital was the highest with 27 point increase. Considering the mean percentage score for all quarters per facility, 4 had ≥ 80%, 19 had between 60%-80% and 2 had otal non-conformities cited for QI-Q4 were 185, 100, 78 and 64 respectively with highest recorded in internal and external quality control and the least in facility and safety. Conclusion: We recorded some improvement in most QEs confirming the benefits of internal audi

关键词： Laboratory Internal Audits Quality Essentials Non-Conformities Nigeria

Polyphenol oxidase Activity and Inhibition in White Yam （Dioscorea Rotundata. Var. Laasirin） Chips as African Fries for Human Consumption

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2016年第1期6卷 43-50页

作者： oluwatoyin oluwole olajumoke odediran Gbolahan Alagbe Ijeoma Eboagwu Abimbola jegede Kayode ogundeji Abimbola olokoshe Godfrey Asieba Joy onyibe Federal Institute of Industrial Research oshodi Lagos Nigeria

Polyphenol oxidase, a bi-functional enzyme, has been implicated in enzymatic browning of yam and other tubers in a negative way. The objective of this present study was to examine the activity of polyphenol oxidase in Dioscorea rotundata. Var. laasirin and the efficiency of heat and chemical treatments in inhibiting this enzyme. Crude Polyphenol oxidase （PPo） of Dioscorea ***. Laasirin was isolated and the kinetics studied using the lineweaver-burk plot. The activity of the enzyme was evaluated using spectrophotomeric method. Yam PPo catalyzes oxidation of various substrates with catechol being the most readily oxidized substrate. The Michaelis-Menten constant （Km） and maximum reaction velocity （Vmax） for yam PPo were 0.00037 and 0.3125 respectively. Inhibition data showed that the enzyme had least activity （71.70） when blanched at 95℃ for 7 mins with chemical treatment involving a combination of 0.5% Sodium metabisulphite （Food grade） and 0.5% Ascorbic acid （Food grade）. The activity was highest （83.02） when it was blanched at 95 ℃ for 7 rains. This study has shown that it is possible to inhibit polyphenol oxidase activity in white yam using the chemical pretreatments and processing conditions described in this study for possible adoption in the production of packaged frozen yam chips by food industries.

关键词： Yam polyphenol oxidase dioscorea rotundata blanch sulphite chips.