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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2024年第3期14卷 137-154页

作者： Sandile Brendon Masango Peterson Thokozani Ngema olusegun ayodeji olagunju Suresh Ramsuroop Department of Chemical Engineering Durban University of Technology Green Engineering Group-Chemical Thermodynamics Steve Biko Campus Durban South Africa Department of Chemical Engineering Cape Peninsula University of Technology Cape Town South Africa

In this study, a homogeneous alkaline catalyst was used in the production of biodiesel from raw and refined castor oil feedstock. The effect of potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a catalyst between the two feedstocks, raw and refined castor oil was compared. The transesterification technique was utilized in this study, aiming to investigate the effect of different parameters, which include the reaction temperature, methanol-to-oil mole ratio, and catalyst concentration at a constant period of 90 minutes. The result revealed the performance of the KOH catalyst on raw castor oil yielded 98.49% FAME, which was higher than the refined castor oil which yielded 97.9% FAME. The optimal conditions obtained from refined castor oil were applied to raw castor oil because of the same properties. The fuel quality of castor oil and produced biodiesel were tested for physicochemical properties.

关键词： Biodiesel Fuel Raw Castor Oil Refined Castor Oil Transesterification Process

Meaning construction in Nigerian multilingual hip hop:a study in sociology of music

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2024年第1期10卷 83-105页

作者： olusegun Fariudeen Liadi Sociology Fountain UniversityOsogboNigeria

The wide acceptability of Nigerian hip hop music,home and abroad,indicates increasing value of the inclusion of local popular languages in the composition and performance of the *** the text of many of the award winning singles and albums are mixtures of different languages ranging from English,Pidgin English,Yoruba,Igbo and other local *** on Ferdinand de Saussure’s theory of structuralism,this study examines meaning construction in hip hop music in *** focusing on the Nigerian hip hop artists,who adopt different slangs embedded with codes considered absurd within the mainstream cultural milieu,the study closely investigates constructed meanings in the lyrics of four Nigerian award winning hip hop *** the artists adopted multilingual codes-switching from one language to another in presentation of their *** codes in the songs generally symbolise and present messages or meaning that appears out of the mainstream cultural *** and artistes meet at the level of *** article argues that Nigerian artists creatively present a sub-culture where they and their fans can relate through codes and words embedded with symbolic meanings shared by both artists and fans.

关键词： Saussure meaning construction multilingual hip hop Nigerian music semiotics

A Novel Insertion Solution for the Travelling Salesman Problem

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1581-1597页

作者： Emmanuel Oluwatobi Asani Aderemi Elisha Okeyinka Sunday Adeola Ajagbe Ayodele Ariyo Adebiyi Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun Temitope Samson Adekunle Pragasen Mudali Matthew olusegun Adigun Department of Computer Science Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria SDG 11 Group Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria Department of Computing MiVA UniversityAbuja900211Nigeria Department of Computer Science Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida UniversityLapai911101Nigeria Department of Computer Science University of ZululandKwadlangezwa3886South Africa Department of Computer&Industrial Production Engineering First Technical UniversityIbadan200243Nigeria Department of Multimedia Engineering Kaunas University of TechnologyKaunasLT-44249Lithuania Department of Computer Science Colorado State UniversityFort Collins80523USA

The studypresents theHalfMax InsertionHeuristic (HMIH) as a novel approach to solving theTravelling SalesmanProblem (TSP). The goal is to outperform existing techniques such as the Farthest Insertion Heuristic (FIH) andNearest Neighbour Heuristic (NNH). The paper discusses the limitations of current construction tour heuristics,focusing particularly on the significant margin of error in FIH. It then proposes HMIH as an alternative thatminimizes the increase in tour distance and includes more nodes. HMIH improves tour quality by starting withan initial tour consisting of a ‘minimum’ polygon and iteratively adding nodes using our novel Half Max *** paper thoroughly examines and compares HMIH with FIH and NNH via rigorous testing on standard TSPbenchmarks. The results indicate that HMIH consistently delivers superior performance, particularly with respectto tour cost and computational efficiency. HMIH’s tours were sometimes 16% shorter than those generated by FIHand NNH, showcasing its potential and value as a novel benchmark for TSP solutions. The study used statisticalmethods, including Friedman’s Non-parametric Test, to validate the performance of HMIH over FIH and *** guarantees that the identified advantages are statistically significant and consistent in various situations. Thiscomprehensive analysis emphasizes the reliability and efficiency of the heuristic, making a compelling case for itsuse in solving TSP issues. The research shows that, in general, HMIH fared better than FIH in all cases studied,except for a few instances (pr439, eil51, and eil101) where FIH either performed equally or slightly better thanHMIH. HMIH’s efficiency is shown by its improvements in error percentage (δ) and goodness values (g) comparedto FIH and NNH. In the att48 instance, HMIH had an error rate of 6.3%, whereas FIH had 14.6% and NNH had20.9%, indicating that HMIH was closer to the optimal solution. HMIH consistently showed superior performanceacross many benchmarks,

关键词： Nearest neighbour heuristic farthest insertion heuristic half max insertion heuristic tour construction travelling salesman problem

Institutional Capacity and the Roles of Key Actors in Fire Disaster Risk Reduction: The Case of Ibadan, Nigeria

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第5期13卷 716-728页

作者： olusegun Joseph Falola Samuel Babatunde Agbola Department of Urban and Regional Planning Lead City UniversityIbadan 200255Oyo StateNigeria Department of Urban and Regional Planning University of IbadanIbadan 200284Oyo StateNigeria

Inefficient and ineffective fire management practices are common to most urban areas of developing *** cities are typical examples of high vulnerability and low preparedness level for fire *** study examined the institutional framework for fire disaster risk reduction(FDRR) and explored the roles of key actors in fire disaster preparedness in Ibadan,a large traditional city in *** study was anchored on the concept of urban governance.A case study research design was adopted using primary and secondary *** data were obtained through field observation aided by a structured checklist and key informant *** were conducted on key officials of the major organs for FDRR-Oyo State Fire Service(OSFS) and Oyo State Emergency Management Agency(OYSEMA).The study identified a disjointed and fragmented approach to fire *** relating to fire risk reduction and disaster recovery were domiciled under the OYSEMA,while emergency response to fire disasters was the prerogative of the *** results show that only five out of 11 local government areas had public fire stations;only three fire stations had an on-site water supply;three fire stations lacked firefighting vehicles;and distribution of fire stations and facilities was *** fire stations responded to 80% of all fire cases in 12 *** study concluded that the institutional structure and resources for fire risk reduction was more empowered to respond to fire disaster,rather than facilitating preparedness capacity to reduce disaster risk.

关键词： Disaster preparedness Disaster risk Fire disaster Fire service Fire station

Vaccine breakthrough and rebound infections modeling:Analysis for the United States and the ten *** regions

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第3期8卷 717-741页

作者： olusegun Michael Otunuga Alexandra Yu Department of Mathematics Augusta University112015th StrGE 2018AugustaGA30912USA

A vaccine breakthrough infection and a rebound infection cases of COVID-19 are studied and analyzed for the ten *** of Health and Human Services(HHS)regions and the United States as a nation in this *** innovative multi-strain susceptible-vacci-nated-exposed-asymptomatic-symptomatic-recovered(SVEAIR)epidemic model is devel-oped for this purpose for a population assumed to be susceptible to n-different variants of the disease,and those who are vaccinated and recovered from a specific strain k(kn)of the disease are immune to present strain and its predecessors j=1,2,…,k,but can still be infected by newer emerging strains j=k+1,k+2,…,*** model is used to estimate epidemiological parameters,namely,the latent and infectious periods,the transmission rates,vaccination rates,recovery rates for each of the Delta B.1.617.2,Omicron B.1.1.529,and lineages BA.2,BA.2.12.1,BA.4,BA.5,BA.1.1,BA.4.6,and BA.5.2.6 for the United States and for each of the ten HHS *** transmission rate is estimated for both the asymptomatic and symptomatic *** effect of vaccines on each strain is *** that guarantees existence of an endemic with certain number of strains is derived and used to describe the endemic state of the population.

关键词： Multi-strain Delta Omicron Lineages Vaccine breakthrough Rebound infection

Stimulants and donors promote megaplasmid pND6-2 horizontal gene transfer in activated sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 742-753页

作者： Shan Wang Shanshan Li Dan Du olusegun KAbass Muhammad Salman Nasir Wei Yan Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Xi’an Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Recycling and Resource RecoveryXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Department of Structures and Environmental Engineering University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38040Pakistan

The activated sludge process is characterized by high microbial density and diversity,both of which facilitate antibiotic resistance gene *** studies have suggested that antibiotic and non-antibiotic drugs at sub-inhibitory concentrations are major inducers of conjugative gene *** self-transmissible plasmid pND6-2 is one of the endogenous plasmids harbored in Pseudomonas putida ND6,which can trigger the transfer of another co-occurring naphthalene-degrading plasmid ***,to illustrate the potential influence of stimulants on conjugative transfer of pND6-2,we evaluated the effects of four antibiotics (ampicillin,gentamycin,kanamycin,and tetracycline) and naphthalene,on the conjugal transfer efficiency of pND6-2 by filter-mating *** findings demonstrated that all stimulants within an optimal dose promoted conjugative transfer of pND6-2from Pseudomonas putida GKND6 to *** KT2440,with tetracycline being the most effective (100μg/L and 10μg/L),as it enhanced pND6-2-mediated intra-genera transfer by approximately one ***,seven AS reactors were constructed with the addition of donors and different stimulants to further elucidate the conjugative behavior of pND6-2 in natural *** stimulants positively affected the conjugal process of pND6-2,while donors reshaped the host abundance in the *** was likely because stimulant addition enhanced the expression levels of conjugation transfer-related ***,Blastocatella and Chitinimonas were identified as the potential receptors of plasmid pND6-2,which was not affected by donor *** findings demonstrate the positive role of sub-inhibitory stimulant treatment on pND6-2 conjugal transfer and the function of donors in re-shaping the host spectrum of pND6-2.

关键词： Antibiotics Naphthalene Donor Conjugative transfer Host range

Microstructures of Developed Composite Graphite-Resin Electrodes

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2023年第12期14卷 526-534页

作者： Isaiah Adesola Oke Bolaji Aremo Dayo Adeyemi Isadare olusegun Emmanuel Olorunniwo Sodrudeen Abolore ayodeji Gbemi Faith Abass Ayodele Abeeb Daniyan Department of Civil Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Mechanics and Material Hohai University Nanjing China

This paper focuses on the effects of compaction on the microstructure of graphite-resin electrochemical treatment electrodes. This was with a view to understanding the relationships between forming parameters and some performance-limiting structural parameters of the electrode. Graphite resin electrodes were developed from graphite rods reclaimed from primary cells. The rods were crushed to powder of various particle sizes and compressed into the graphite-resin electrodes. The microstructure of the graphite electrode was observed, effects of compaction force and particles sizes distribution on the microstructure of the electrodes were observed. SEM/EDX revealed that there is a lack of homogeneity in the distribution of micro-constituents, with compositional variations differing at the various spots. However, there is a prevalence of carbon and oxygen at almost all the spots. This tends to confirm the even distribution of the elements throughout the material. The pores in the electrodes were noticed to be uniformly sized and permeate throughout the entire structure of the electrode. These pores serve to increase the surface area of these electrodes and promote the adsorption of environmental pollutants.

关键词： Graphite Resin Electrodes Microstructure Compaction Force Particle Size

Effects of erect panicle genotype and environment interactions on rice yield and yield components

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第3期22卷 716-726页

作者： WANG Yuan-zheng olusegun IDOWU WANG Yun HOMMA Koki NAKAZAKI Tetsuya ZHENG Wen-jing XU Zheng-jin SHIRAIWA Tatsuhiko Rice Research Institute Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110101P.R.China Division of Agronomy and Horticulture Science Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Rice Research Institute Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and BreedingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Super Rice BreedingMinistry of EducationShenyang 110866P.R.China Division of Biological Resource Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8576Japan

The dense and erect panicle (EP) genotype conferred by DEP1 has been widely used in the breeding of high-yield Chinese japonica rice ***,the breeding value of the EP genotype has rarely been determined at the plant population ***,the effects of the interaction of EP genotype and the environment at different locations and times on rice yield and its various components were investigated in this *** sets of near-isogenic lines (NILs)of EP and non-EP (NEP) genotypes with Liaojing 5 (LG5) and Akitakomachi (AKI) backgrounds were grown in the field in 2016 and 2017 in Shenyang,China,and Kyoto,*** 2018,these sets were grown only in Kyoto,*** average yields of the EP and NEP genotypes were 6.67 and 6.13 t ha^(-1)for the AKI background,and 6.66 and 6.58 t ha^(-1)for the LG5 background,*** EP genotype positively affected panicle number (PN) and grain number per square meter (GNPM),mostly resulting in a positive effect on harvest index (HI).In contrast,the EP genotype exerted a negative effect on thousand-grain weight (KGW).The ratio of the performance of the EP genotype relative to the NEP genotype in terms of yield and total biomass correlated positively with mean daily solar radiation during a 40-day period around *** results indicate that the effectiveness of the EP genotype depends on the availability of solar radiation,and the effect of this genotype is consistently positive for sink formation,conditional in terms of source capacity,and positive in a high-radiation environment.

关键词： erect panicle genotype by environment interaction rice(Oryza sativa L.) solar radiation yield

Prevalence and Predictors of Anxiety and Depression among Gynaecological Cancer Patients at a Tertiary Health Facility in Southern Nigeria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第7期11卷 96-111页

作者： Justina Omoikhefe Alegbeleye olusegun Biyi-Olutunde Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Radiation and Clinical Oncology University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Cancer patients frequently suffer from mental health problems because of their reactions to their cancer diagnosis, cancer type, treatment effects, recurrence, fear of the end-of-life, survival, and financial burden. Some hospitals have integrated mental health assessments into cancer care, but our centre has little experience with this practice. Aim and Objectives: To ascertain the prevalence and predictors of anxiety and depression in patients with gynaecological cancer at a tertiary health facility in southern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This was a facility-based cross-sectional descriptive study of 75 women with histologically confirmed gynaecological cancer managed at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022. Individuals having a history of drug addiction, severe cognitive impairment, non-consenting patients, and those with communication difficulties were excluded from the study. A data collection form was used to obtain socio-demographic, reproductive, and clinical characteristics, while the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess for anxiety and depression. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine the association of variables with anxiety and depression. Results: Most 27 (36.0%) of the respondents were in 40 - 49 age group with a mean age of 50.4 ± 12.3 years. The study showed that 39 (52.0%) of the respondents exhibited symptoms of anxiety, of which 14 (35.9%) were mild, 20 (51.3%) had moderate anxiety and 5 (12.8%) experienced severe anxiety. In addition, 46 (61.3%) of them showed symptoms of depression, of which 17 (37.0%) were mild, 15 (32.6%) were moderate and 14 (30.4%) experienced severe depression. The ratio of respondents who showed anxiety to those that showed symptoms of depression was 5: 6. The factors associated with anxiety were partner’s educational level (X2 = 4.745, p = 0.029), parity (X2 = 6.651

关键词： Prevalence Predictors Anxiety Depression Gynaecological Cancer

Making the Genotypic Variation Visible:Hyperspectral Phenotyping in Scots Pine Seedlings

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 790-804页

作者： Jan Stejskal Jaroslav Čepl Eva Neuwirthová olusegun Olaitan Akinyemi Jiří Chuchlík Daniel Provazník Markku Keinänen Petya Campbell Jana Albrechtová Milan Lstiburek Zuzana Lhotáková Department of Genetics and Physiology of Forest Trees Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland Department of Experimental Plant Biology Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Center for Photonic Sciences University of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMDUSA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA

Hyperspectral reflectance contains valuable information about leaf functional traits,which can indicate a plant's physiological ***,using hyperspectral reflectance for high-throughput phenotyping of foliar traits could be a powerful tool for tree breeders and nursery practitioners to distinguish and select seedlings with desired adaptation potential to local *** evaluated the use of 2 nondestructive methods(i.e.,leaf and proximal/canopy)measuring hyperspectral reflectance in the 350-to 2,500-nm range for phenotyping on 1,788 individual Scots pine seedlings belonging to lowland and upland ecotypes of 3 different local populations from the Czech ***-level measurements were collected using a spectroradiometer and a contact probe with an internal light source to measure the biconical reflectance factor of a sample of needles placed on a black background in the contact probe field of *** proximal canopy measurements were collected under natural solar light,using the same spectroradiometer with fiber optical cable to collect data on individual seedlings'hemispherical conical reflectance *** latter method was highly susceptible to changes in incoming *** spectral datasets showed statistically significant differences among Scots pine populations in the whole spectral ***,using random forest and support vector machine learning algorithms,the proximal data obtained from the top of the seedlings offered up to 83%accuracy in predicting 3 different Scots pine *** conclude that both approaches are viable for hyperspectral phenotyping to disentangle the phenotypic and the underlying genetic variation within Scots pine seedlings.

关键词： Scots forest reflectance