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Making the Genotypic Variation Visible:Hyperspectral Phenotyping in Scots Pine Seedlings

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第4期5卷 790-804页

作者： Jan Stejskal Jaroslav Čepl Eva Neuwirthová olusegun Olaitan Akinyemi Jiří Chuchlík Daniel Provazník Markku Keinänen Petya Campbell Jana Albrechtová Milan Lstiburek Zuzana Lhotáková Department of Genetics and Physiology of Forest Trees Faculty of Forestry and Wood SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePragueCzech Republic Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences University of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland Department of Experimental Plant Biology Charles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Center for Photonic Sciences University of Eastern FinlandJoensuuFinland Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore CountyBaltimoreMDUSA Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA

Hyperspectral reflectance contains valuable information about leaf functional traits,which can indicate a plant's physiological ***,using hyperspectral reflectance for high-throughput phenotyping of foliar traits could be a powerful tool for tree breeders and nursery practitioners to distinguish and select seedlings with desired adaptation potential to local *** evaluated the use of 2 nondestructive methods(i.e.,leaf and proximal/canopy)measuring hyperspectral reflectance in the 350-to 2,500-nm range for phenotyping on 1,788 individual Scots pine seedlings belonging to lowland and upland ecotypes of 3 different local populations from the Czech ***-level measurements were collected using a spectroradiometer and a contact probe with an internal light source to measure the biconical reflectance factor of a sample of needles placed on a black background in the contact probe field of *** proximal canopy measurements were collected under natural solar light,using the same spectroradiometer with fiber optical cable to collect data on individual seedlings'hemispherical conical reflectance *** latter method was highly susceptible to changes in incoming *** spectral datasets showed statistically significant differences among Scots pine populations in the whole spectral ***,using random forest and support vector machine learning algorithms,the proximal data obtained from the top of the seedlings offered up to 83%accuracy in predicting 3 different Scots pine *** conclude that both approaches are viable for hyperspectral phenotyping to disentangle the phenotypic and the underlying genetic variation within Scots pine seedlings.

关键词： Scots forest reflectance

Effects of erect panicle genotype and environment interactions on rice yield and yield components

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第3期22卷 716-726页

作者： WANG Yuan-zheng olusegun ido.u WANG Yun HOMMA Koki NAKAZAKI Tetsuya ZHENG Wen-jing Xu Zheng-jin SHIRAIWA Tatsuhiko Rice Research Institute Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyang 110101P.R.China Division of Agronomy and Horticulture Science Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Rice Research Institute Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Northeast Rice Biology and BreedingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Northern Japonica Super Rice BreedingMinistry of EducationShenyang 110866P.R.China Division of Biological Resource Sciences Graduate School of Agricultural ScienceTohoku UniversitySendai 980-8576Japan

The dense and erect panicle (EP) genotype conferred by DEP1 has been widely used in the breeding of high-yield Chinese japonica rice ***,the breeding value of the EP genotype has rarely been determined at the plant population ***,the effects of the interaction of EP genotype and the environment at different locations and times on rice yield and its various components were investigated in this *** sets of near-isogenic lines (NILs)of EP and non-EP (NEP) genotypes with Liaojing 5 (LG5) and Akitakomachi (AKI) backgrounds were grown in the field in 2016 and 2017 in Shenyang,China,and Kyoto,*** 2018,these sets were grown only in Kyoto,*** average yields of the EP and NEP genotypes were 6.67 and 6.13 t ha^(-1)for the AKI background,and 6.66 and 6.58 t ha^(-1)for the LG5 background,*** EP genotype positively affected panicle number (PN) and grain number per square meter (GNPM),mostly resulting in a positive effect on harvest index (HI).In contrast,the EP genotype exerted a negative effect on thousand-grain weight (KGW).The ratio of the performance of the EP genotype relative to the NEP genotype in terms of yield and total biomass correlated positively with mean daily solar radiation during a 40-day period around *** results indicate that the effectiveness of the EP genotype depends on the availability of solar radiation,and the effect of this genotype is consistently positive for sink formation,conditional in terms of source capacity,and positive in a high-radiation environment.

关键词： erect panicle genotype by environment interaction rice(Oryza sativa L.) solar radiation yield

Zingiber officinale(Ginger)Methanol Extract Abates Kidney Dysfunction in Mice Co-exposed to Sub-chronic Alcohol Intoxication and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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Clinical Complementary Medicine and Pharmacology 2023年第4期3卷 79-90页

作者： olusegun G.Adebayo Benneth Ben-Azu Egwonor Akpofure Modo u.Emmanuel Iheanyichukwu Wopara Wadioni Aduema Lawrence Dayo Adedayo Jude Ijuo Abeje Neurosciences and Oral Physiology unit Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadan 200005Nigeria Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesDelta State UniversityAbrakaDelta StateNigeria Department of Medicine Evercare HospitalLekkiLagos State 105102Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesPAMO University of Medical SciencesPort-HarcourtRiver State 500272Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of SciencesRiver State UniversityPort HarcourtRiver State 500004Nigeria Department of Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesBayelsa Medical UniversityYenagoaBayelsa State 178Nigeria Neurophysiology Division Physiology ProgrammeCollege of Health ScienceBowen UniversityIwo 232101Nigeria

Background:Increasing number of people globally gives in to indiscriminate consumption of excess alcohol as a coping mechanism to relieve any form of physical or psychological ***,ethnomedicinal use of Zingiber officinale Roscoe(Ginger)have been shown to exhibit broad range of pharmacological benefits but no data has reported the phytotherapeutic treatment of Zingiber officinale methanol extract(MEZO)on alcohol-use disorder(AuD)and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)-induced oxidative and inflammatory stress relevant to disruption of kidney functions in animal ***:To investigate the protective effect of MEZO on kidney-oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers in sub-chronic alcohol exacerbation of PTSD symptoms in ***:Male Swiss mice were administered 30%ethanol for two weeks and thereafter introduced to single pro-longed stress to induce AuD and PTSD respectively prior to post-treatment with MEZO and vitamin *** of oxidative stress,inflammatory cytokines,kidney functions,HPA-axis signaling molecules,vasodilator substance,and histopathology of the kidney were ***:Sub-chronic alcohol intoxication heightened PTSD-induced oxido-inflammatory stress,altered the kidney function indices and HPA-axis,and reduced nitric oxide production,which were ameliorated by the phytother-apeutic treatment with ***,severe degeneration and atrophy of renal tubules were ***,MEZO interventions strongly abated all these ***:Herein,the study shows that phytotherapeutic treatment with MEZO prevents the damaging effects of co-exposure to sub-chronic alcohol intoxication and PTSD.

关键词： Zingiber officinale Kidney Alcohol Single prolonged stress Oxidative stress

Petrochemistry and Petrogenetic Features of Metasedimentary Rocks of Igangan Area, Southwestern Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2018年第4期6卷 49-66页

作者： olusegun G. Olisa Olugbenga A. Okunlola Ayotunde A. Omitogun Department of Geology PAULESI University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Department of Geology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

The study was carried out to delineate the geochemistry of unstudied meta-sedimentary rocks in the Igangan sheet 240 NW. Geological field mapping was undertaken to delineate the different metasedimentary rocks;three different metasedimentary rocks were observed and 17 samples were analyzed using ICP-AES/MS to obtain elemental concentrations. Geochemical analytical results revealed average concentration (%) of 74.5, 12.66, 1.99, 4.23, and 3.59 for SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, Na2O and K2O respectively. Trace elemental average concentrations (ppm) for selected trace elements in the metasediments are as: u (0.4 - 4.8 ppm, 2.39), Th (0.9 - 25.60 ppm, 10.38), Ni (0.1 - 17.70 ppm, 7.40), Sr (37 - 124 ppm, 81.75), Ba (55 - 1228 ppm, 620.31), Sn (1.4 - 4.8), Be (1 - 11 ppm, 3.31), Li (2.6 - 48.50 ppm, 23.28), Rb (32 - 376.3 ppm, 140.16), Ta (0.5 - 65.20 ppm, 12.48), Nb (7.76 - 47.5 ppm, 23.82) and Cs (0.8 - 33.30 ppm, 8.33). REE patterns of all samples are parallel to sub-parallel, LREE-enriched, with weak to distinct negative Eu anomalies and weakly fractionated HREE segments. Source rocks of the metsediments underwent low to moderate chemical weathering and metasediments are derivatives of felsic igneous sources.

关键词： Phyllite Sediment Recycling Depositional Regimes

Beneficiation and Characterization of Gold from Itagunmodi Gold Ore by Cyanidation

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2014年第4期2卷 300-307页

作者： Olasupo Daniel Ogundare Mosobalaje Oyebanji Adeoye Adelana Rasaq Adetunji olusegun Oyeleke Adewoye Engineering Materials Development Institute Akure Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Prototype Engineering Development Institute Ilesa Nigeria African university of Science and Technology Abuja Nigeria

This paper has reported the beneficiation and characterization of gold from Itagunmodi gold ore in Atakumosa West LGA in the State of Osun Nigeria using cyanide solution obtained from cassava and commercially available sodium cyanide analar grade. Cyanide solution extracted from cassava variety TMS 30572 leaves obtained from Obafemi Awolowo university (O.A.u) Research and Teaching Farm was discovered to have the highest free cyanide (CN-) among the ten different cassava varieties evaluated. The samples were exposed to varied concentrations from 0.25% to 2.00% CN at intervals of 0.25% CN from cyanide solution obtained from cassava and commercially available sodium cyanide analar grade. The result showed that after 24 hours of cyanidation and concentration of 2% CN- on 10 g gold ore concentrate, the analar grade sodium cyanide yielded 0.123 g of gold while the cassava based cyanide yielded 0.098 g. The cyanidation performance of analar grade sodium cyanide is greater than cassava based cyanide by a difference of 0.25%.

关键词： Gold Cyanidation Itagunmodi Gold Ore Cassava Commercial Sodium Cyanide Cyanide from Cassava

Self Ear Cleaning: Prevalence and Profile among School Children in Ekiti, Nigeria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第4期7卷 25-32页

作者： Toye Gabriel Olajide Oyebanji Anthony Olajuyin Adebisi Paul Eletta Segun Mathew Agboola Adesola olusegun Busari ido.u Adebara Department of Ear Nose and Throat Federal Teaching Hospital Ido Ekiti/Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti (ABUAD) Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Ear Nose and Throat Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Ear Nose and Throat Federal Medical Centre Bida Nigeria Department of Family Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Ido Ekiti/Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti (ABUAD) Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Internal Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Ido Ekiti/Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti (ABUAD) Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Obstetric & Gynaecology Federal Teaching Hospital Ido Ekiti/Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti (ABUAD) Ado Ekiti Nigeria

Background: Self-cleaning of ears with different objects is a common practice among school children with scanty report in literature. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and profile of self-ear cleaning among school children. Methods: It was a cross-sectional institutional-based study which was carried out among school children in Ekiti, south western Nigeria from January 2017, to March 2017. Results: A total of 174 students participated in this study. Their age ranged between 13 and 17 years. The highest number of participant was found at the age of 15 years. One hundred and eighteen (67.8%) of them had carried out self ear cleaning. Personal hygiene was the commonest reason for self ear cleaning in 28.8% of the students. Cotton buds were mostly used by the respondents in 51.7% of them. Injury to the external auditory canal (EAC) was the most recorded complications. Conclusion: The outcome of this study shows that self-ear cleaning practices were common among school children with a prevalence of 67.8%. Cotton buds were the commonest objects used. Avoidable complications were reported among respondents. There is a need to intensify efforts on public enlightenment programme and the establishment of school health programme in our various schools.

关键词： Self Ear Cleaning Prevalence Profile School Children

Metasurface-based multi-harmonic freeelectron light source

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 428-439页

作者： Gilles Rosolen Liang Jie Wong Nicholas Rivera Bjorn Maes Marin Soljačić ido Kaminer Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology77 Massachusetts AvenueCambridgeMA 02139USA Micro-and Nanophotonic Materials Group University of MonsPlace du Parc 207000 MonsBelgium Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology 2 Fusionopolis WayInnovisSingapore 138634Singapore Department of Electrical Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 32000Israel

Metasurfaces are subwavelength spatial variations in geometry and material where the structures are of negligible thickness compared to the wavelength of light and are optimized for far-field applications,such as controlling the wavefronts of electromagnetic ***,we investigate the potential of the metasurface near-field profile,generated by an incident few-cycle pulse laser,to facilitate the generation of high-frequency light from free *** particular,the metasurface near-field contains higher-order spatial harmonics that can be leveraged to generate multiple higher-harmonic X-ray frequency *** show that the X-ray spectral profile can be arbitrarily shaped by controlling the metasurface geometry,the electron energy,and the incidence angle of the laser *** ab initio simulations,we predict bright and monoenergetic X-rays,achieving energies of 30 keV(with harmonics spaced by 3 keV)from 5-MeV electrons using 3.4-eV plasmon polaritons on a metasurface with a period of 85 *** an example,we present the design of a four-color X-ray source,a potential candidate for tabletop multicolor hard X-ray *** developments could help pave the way for compact multi-harmonic sources of high-energy photons,which have potential applications in industry,medicine,and the fundamental sciences.

关键词： spectroscopy harmonic harmonics

unexpectedly low δ^(13)C in leaves,branches,stems and roots of three acacia species growing in hyper-arid environments

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第1期14卷 117-131页

作者： Daphna uni Elli Groner Elaine Soloway Amgad Hjazin Spencer Johnswick Gidon Winters Efrat Sheffer ido Rog Yael Wagner Tamir Klein Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael The Dead Sea-Arava Science Center Tamar Regional CouncilNeve Zohar 86910Israel Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetic in Agriculture The Robert H.Smith Faculty of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael Arava Institute for Environmental Studies Kibbutz KeturaIsrael

Aims In plant eco-physiology,less negative(enriched)carbon 13(^(13)C)in the leaves indicates conditions of reducing leaf gas exchange through stomata,*** *** addition,^(13)C is expected to be less negative in non-photosynthetic tissues as compared with ***,these relationships inδ^(13)C from leaves(photosynthetic organs)to branches,stems and roots(non-photosynthetic organs)are rarely tested across multiple closely related tree species,multiple compartments,or in trees growing under extreme heat and *** We measured leaf-to-root^(13)C in three closely related desert acacia species(Acacia tortilis,*** and ***).We measuredδ^(13)C in leaf tissues from mature trees in southern *** parallel,a 7-year irrigation experiment with 0.5,1.0 or 4.0 L day1 was conducted in an experimental *** the end of the experiment,growth parameters andδ^(13)C were measured in leaves,branches,stems and *** Findings Theδ^(13)C in leaf tissues sampled from mature trees was ca.-27‰,far more depleted than expected from a desert tree growing in one of the Earth's driest and hottest *** acacia species and compartments,δ^(13)C was not enriched at all irrigation levels(-28‰to ca.-27‰),confirming our measurements in the mature *** compartments,leafδ^(13)C was unexpectedly similar to branch and rootδ^(13)C,and surprisingly,even less negative than stemδ^(13)*** highly depleted leafδ^(13)C suggests that these trees have high stomatai gas exchange,despite growing in extremely dry *** lack ofδ^(13)C enrichment in nonphotosynthetic tissues might be related to the seasonal coupling of growth of leaves and heterotrophic tissues.

关键词： stable isotope δ^(13)C enrichment desert tree drought resistance Acacia raddiana Acacia tortilis

直立穗型基因与环境对水稻产量及产量构成因素的相互作用

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直立穗型基因与环境对水稻产量及产量构成因素的相互作用