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Burden of disability in type 2 diabetes mellitus and the moderating effects of physical activity

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第14期11卷 3128-3139页

作者： olufemi o oyewole Ayotunde o Ale Michael o ogunlana Thavanesi Gurayah Department of Physiotherapy Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching HospitalSagamu 201101OgunNigeria College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalDurban 3629South Africa Department of Medicine Olabisi Onabanjo UniversitySagamu 121101OgunNigeria Department of Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism UnitMedicineOlabisi Onabanjo University Teaching HospitalSagamu 121101OgunNigeria Department of Physiotherapy Federal Medical CentreAbeokuta 110101OgunNigeria occupational Therapy School of Health SciencesUniversity of Kwazulu NatalPrivate Bag X54001Durban4000

The growing diabetic epidemic has created a substantial burden,not only on the people with diabetes but also on society at *** mini-review discussed the limitations and patterns of disability in type 2 diabetes mellitus and put forward a case for the moderating effects of physical activity(PA)in the management of *** limitations and impairments associated with diabetes include vascular,neurological,cardiac,and renal ***,individuals participate less in their daily lives and in their instrumental activities of daily living,which negatively impacts the quality of life of individuals with *** often leads to a loss of quality of life due to disabilities,resulting in an increased rate of disability-adjusted life years among people with type 2 diabetes ***,there are psychosocial sequelae of diabetes *** necessitates looking for moderating factors that may reduce the burden of the *** has been shown to be one of the factors that can mitigate these *** does this in several ways,including through the benefits it confers,such as a reduction of hemoglobin A1c,a reduction of excess fat in the liver and pancreas,and the reduction of cardiovascular risk factors,all of which favorably affect glycemic ***,PA regulates or moderates diabetes disability through two mechanisms:The regulation of glucolipid metabolism disorders and the optimization of body mass index and systemic ***,efforts should be directed at PA uptake through identified *** will not only prevent diabetes or diabetes complications but will reduce its burden.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Disability burden Physical activity Moderating effect

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Identification, isolation and characterization of the antifeedant constituent of Clausena anisata against Helicoverpa armigera （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae）

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Insect Science 2009年第3期16卷 247-253页

作者： olufemi o. R. Pitan o. o. Ayelaagbe Hong-Lei Wang Chen-Zhu Wang State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest insects and Rodents Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina Department of Crop Protection University of Agriculture Abeokuta Department of Chemistry University of Ibadan IbadanNigeria

Hexane, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water extracts of Clausena anisata [（Willd.） Hook E Ex Benth] leaves and roots were evaluated against Helicoverpa armigera （Hubner） for antifeedant activities. Antifeedant activity was confirmed, and was found to be higher in root extracts than those of the leaf. Chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of the root showed strongest antifeedant activities （DC50s [concentration （C） causing 50% deterrence compared with the control] 0.014% and 0.016% respectively）, and root extracts were fractionated using silica gel column chromatography. one fraction of the chloroform and one of the petroleum ether root extracts was active; and on the basis of mass spectroscopy and ^1H and ^13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data, the active compounds in the two fractions were confirmed to be identical, and identified as osthol [2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 7-methoxy-8-（3-methyl-2-butenyl）]. The highest concentration of osthol was found in the chloroform root extract. Antifeedant activities of the root extracts, as measured by DC50 values, were highly correlated with their osthol contents. Approximately 99% of the variation in bioactivity of the root extracts could be accounted for by variation in osthol content; osthol therefore, appeared to be an antifeedant component of C. anisata to H. armigera. This may provide a new approach to managing this pest.

关键词： active ingredient antifeedant Clausena anisata Helicoverpa armigera,osthol root

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Visual representation of ASUU strikes in Nigeria:a semiotic analysis of cartoons in selected Nigerian newspapers

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2023年第2期9卷 242-262页

作者： Peter oyewole Makinde Department of Linguistics Faculty of ArtsNnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaAnambra StateNigeria

Until recently,the study of language and meaning of cartoons,the media discourses they generate,and their analysis as a creative means of exploring meaning-making processes as semiotic resources have not received much scholarly attention in *** cartoons that involve the use of satire and humour as visual representations of reality have gained prominence across many media platforms in Nigeria,only a few scholars have examined this from a social semiotics *** has created a gap in the literature,thus creating room for a para-digm shift in the field of social *** study explores the semiotics of car-toons in selected Nigerian newspapers to examine the meaning-making resources employed in the visual representation of ASUU strikes in *** study,there-fore,examines how cartoonists manipulate symbols,signs,and other semiotic resources to convey specific meanings through visual and textual *** study adopts a qualitative research design;data comprising cartoons sourced from selected Vanguard Newspapers and websites are analyzed using Kress and Van Leeuwen's visual semiotics and interpreted from the standpoints of Halliday's Systematic Functional Linguistics(SFL)approach and o'Halloran's position on metaphorical constructions of ***,metaphorical manipulation and rep-resentation of visual elements in the selected cartoons are *** from the study show the use of semiotic resources in the portrayer of reality in the context of the seemingly intractable ASUU strikes and their consequences on aca-demic activities in *** scholarly intervention deserves attention as it significantly contributes to the field of social semiotics through its visual represen-tation in portraying challenges faced by the educational systems in Nigeria vis-a-vis poorgovernment funding.

关键词： 2022 ASUU strike cartoons Nigeria SFL social semiotics visual representation

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Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of hydroalcoholic stem bark extract of Schotia latifolia Jacq

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第12期4卷 952-958页

作者： Sunday oyewole oyedemi Anthony Jide Afolayan School of Biological Sciences University of Fort HareAlice 5700South Africa

objective:To investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of hydroalcoholic extract of Scholia latifolia（***） bark commonly used in South Africa traditional medicine for the treatment of various ***:The antibacterial test and MIC was determined by using agar well diffusion and dilution methods respectively against eight strains of bacteria. The total phenol,proanthocyanidin and flavonoid contents of *** were assessed using Standard *** antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated using ferric reducing power and the free radical scavenging activity against 1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl（DPPH）, 2.2’-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic-acid（ABTS）,nitric oxide（No）,hydrogen peroxide（H2o2） and lipid oxidation（Lo）.Results:The antibacterial activity demonstrated an appreciable effect against all the gram positive bacteria at MIC between 0.016 and 10 mg/ml. while that of gram negative bacteria was above 10 mg/*** plant extract exhibited high concentration of proanthocyanidin[（300.00±0.10） mg CE/g].followed by flavonoid[（12.46±0.04 mg） TE/g]and phenol[（1 l.06±0.03） mg QE/g]***,the extract at 0.5 mg/mL scavenges ***.H2o2.Lo and No by 87.55%.89.47%.77.15%.86.48%and 77.75%of the radicals *** reducing power was also found to be concentration dependent Conclusions: our data suggest that *** extract has antibacterial and antioxidants activity and thus could be used as alternative therapv against antibiotic resistance bacteria and to prevent man) radical related diseases.

关键词： Scotia latifolia Polyphenols Antioxidant activity Free radicals Antibacterial

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Immediate iliac bone graft reconstruction of post ablative defect of benign mandibular pathology - a systematic review

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Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2017年第8期4卷 137-143页

作者： olufemi K.ogundipe olalere o.Gbolahan Department of oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and oral Pathology Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle-Ife 220005Nigeria Department of oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Ibadan/University College HospitalIbadan 220284Nigeria

Aim: Autogenous iliac crest bone graft is frequently used in immediate reconstruction of post ablation defect of benign mandibular pathologies. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review on the complication and failure rates with this technique and factors associated with failure. Methods: The initial literature search in PubMed and Cochrane databases identified 915 articles. Result: of these, 7 were included in the final review. The majority of the studies were retrospective in nature. These articles encompassed 127 procedures with non-vascularized iliac crest bone graft;with complication rate of 13.3%and failure rate of 3.1%, most complications did not result in failure. All failures were due to infection with no main factor associated with failure. Conclusion: Use of non-vascularized iliac crest bone graft for immediate mandibular reconstruction appears to be associated with low complication and failure rates in carefully selected cases.

关键词： Benign pathology mandibular reconstruction bone graft iliac crest non-vascularized immediate reconstruction

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Effects of pituitary extract,ovaprim,and bitter leaf(Vernonia amygdalina)on the histopathology of African catfish(Clarias gariepinus)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2018年第6期3卷 232-237页

作者： Blessing B.Ajayi John o.ogunsola olufemi I.olatoye Richard E.Antia Samuel Agbede Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria Veterinary Teaching Hospital University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria Department of Veterinary Pathology University of IbadanIbadan 200284Nigeria

The development of aquaculture in Nigeria is constrained by the inadequate supply of high quality of fingerlings of African catfish(Clarias gariepinus).There are conflicting reports on the reproductive efficacy of Vernonia amygdalina when compared with the synthetic hormone ovaprim(oV)and Pituitary Extract(PE)on *** histopathology of select organs in catfish treated with generic ovaprim(oV),Pituitary Extract(CPE),and aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina(VAE)were *** female ***(average weight of 1 kg)wereevenly and randomly distributed to four *** in groups A,B,C,and D were injected intramuscularly with aqueous solutions of oV(0.5 mL/kg),PE(5 mg/kg),VAE(10 mg/kg),and distilled water(DW;0.5 ml),*** examinations of the ovary,liver,kidney,and spleen were carried *** revealed that oV-and PE-treated groups showed synchronous and synchronous ovarian development,vacuolar change of hepatocytes,thinning of hepatic cords,reduced renal haemopoietic compartments,tubular degeneration and necrosis,and decrease in splenic periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths(PALS).VAE-treated groups had asynchronous ovarian development with atretic ovarian follicles,widespread vacuolar change of hepatocytes,intact renal tubular and hemopoietic compartments,and preponderance of large and coalescing splenic *** conclude that VAE is an ineffective spawning agent,especially when compared with oV and PE,as VAE could not induce synchronous gonadal ***,VAE may have immunopotentiating,nephroprotective,and haemopoietic properties.

关键词： Clarias gariepinus Vernonia amygdalina extract Pituitary extract ovaprim Gonadal development Histopathology Reproductive performance

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Enhanced Production of Salinity-Induced Proteases from <i>Aspergillus flavus</i>and <i>Aspergillus niger</i>

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Advances in Enzyme Research 2019年第4期7卷 45-56页

作者： Michael o. okpara olufemi S. Bamidele Joshua o. Ajele Enzymology and Enzyme Biotechnology Unit Department of Biochemistry Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

Proteases are important industrial enzymes that account for about 60% of the total enzyme market globally due to their large application in food, feed, textile and pharmaceutical industries. The effect of salt stress on protease production was evaluated on Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. The enzyme production was enhanced by stepwise optimization of the culture parameters, notably, carbon source, nitrogen source, pH, and temperature of the submerged fermentation process while using a minimal salt media and casein as substrate for the protease activity. The fungi species were found to be good producers of both acid and alkaline proteases under 4% salt stress condition. The optimum culture conditions for alkaline protease production by Aspergillus flavus were sucrose 4%, peptone 1%, pH 8 at 40°C with maximum enzymatic activities of 8.85 mM/min/mg protein, 5.22 mM/min/mg protein, 3.75 mM/min/mg protein, and 1.64 mM/min/mg protein, respectively. Lactose 4%, peptone 1%, pH 6 at 50°C were the optimum culture conditions for acid protease production by Aspergillus flavus with maximum enzymatic activities of 4.59 mM/min/mg protein, 2.06 mM/min/mg protein, 1.24 mM/min/mg protein, and 1.23 mM/min/mg protein, respectively. For Aspergillus niger, the optimum culture conditions for alkaline protease production were corn starch 4%, yeast extract 1%, pH 6 at 40°C with maximum enzymatic activities of 5.99 mM/min/mg protein, 3.85 mM/min/mg protein, 6.18 mM/min/mg protein, and 3.72 mM/min/mg protein, respectively. While lactose 4%, yeast extract 1%, pH 6 at 50°C were the best culture conditions for acid protease production by Aspergillus niger with maximum enzymatic activities of 4.81 mM/min/mg protein, 0.93 mM/min/mg protein, 5.71 mM/min/mg protein, and 3.34 mM/min/mg protein, respectively.

关键词： Protease Salt-Stress Fermentation Enzymes optimization

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Dynamical modelling of cardiac electrical activity using bidomain approach: The effects of variation of ionic model parameters

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第6期6卷 598-608页

作者： Adebisi o. Ibrahim Adejumobi I. Adediji Dada J. olufemi Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta Nigeria Manchester Institute of Biotechnology School of Computer Science The University of Manchester Manchester UK

This work presents the dynamical modelling of cardiac electrical activity using bidomain approach. It focuses on the effects of variation of the ionic model parameters on cardiac wave propagation. Cardiac electrical activity is governed by partial differential equations coupled to a system of ordinary differential equations. Numerical simulation of these equations is computationally expensive due to their non-linearity and stiffness. Nevertheless, we adopted the bidomain model due to its ability to reflect the actual cardiac wave propagation. The derived bidomain equations coupled with FitzHugh-Nagumo’s ionic equations were time-discretized using explicit forward Euler method and space-discretized using 2-D network modelling to obtain linearized equations for transmembrane potential Vm, extracellular potential φe and gating variable w. We implemented the discretized model and performed simulation experiments to study the effects of variation of ionic model parameters on the propagation of electrical wave across the cardiac tissue. Time characteristic of transmembrane potential, Vm, in the normal cardiac tissue was obtained by setting the values of ionic model parameters to 0.2, 0.2, 0.7 and 0.8 for excitation rate constant ε1, recovery rate constant ε2, recovery decay constant γ and excitation decay constant β respectively. Changing the values of ε1, ε2 to 0.04 and 0.28 respectively, the obtained Vm showed a time dilation at 0.04 indicating cardiac arrhythmia but no significant change to Vm was observed at 0.28. Also, changing β to 0.3 and 1.1 and γ to 0.4 and 1.2 sequentially, there was no significant change to the time characteristic of Vm. The obtained results revealed that only decrease in ε1, ε2 impacted significantly on the cardiac wave propagation.

关键词： Dynamical Modelling Cardiac Electrical Activity Bidomain Model Ionic Model Parameters Discretization Transmembrane Potential

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Byrsocarpus coccineus Schumach.&Thonn.(Connaraceae)叶子提取物的降血糖和抗氧化活性(英文)

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中国天然药物 2013年第6期11卷 628-637页

作者： oluwakemi K.Dada Abidemi J.Akindele olufemi A.Morakinyo Margaret o.Sofidiya Duncan ota Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineUniversity of Lagos Department of Physiology Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesCollege of MedicineUniversity of Lagos Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Lagos

AIM: Diabetes Mellitus is associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The need for enhanced efficacy and safety, and cheaper and more readily available new drugs has increased the search for new antidiabetic drugs from plants. This study was conducted to investigate the antidiabetic activity of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of B. coccineus in rats. METHoDS: The effect of B. coccineus extract(100–800 mg·kg–1, p.o.) on blood glucose levels in normal and glucose loaded rats, and alloxan-induced diabetic rats was determined. After 10 days of treatment, blood samples were collected from rats for lipid and insulin profiling. Animals were thereafter sacrificed and the kidneys, heart, and liver were harvested for antioxidant indices assay. RESULTS: In normal rats, B. coccineus did not cause significant reduction in blood glucose. At the dose of 800 mg·kg–1, significant increase in blood glucose level was not observed 30 min. after glucose load. B. coccineus administered acutely did not generally produce significant reduction in blood glucose level in diabetic rats. Administered subacutely, the extract significantly reduced blood glucose level in diabetic rats from the 3rdday with peak effect observed at the dose of 800 mg·kg–1on the 10thday. The extract generally preserved in vivo antioxidant levels in the kidneys, heart, and liver, increased the level of high density lipoprotein and insulin, and reduced the level of triglycerides and low density lipoprotein compared to diabetic control. CoNCLUSIoN: The findings in this study suggest that the hydroethanolic leaf extract Byrsocarpus coccineus possesses antidiabetic activity possibly mediated through inhibition of intestinal glucose absorption, in vivo antioxidant activity, and enhancement of regeneration of beta cells of the pancreas and insulin secretion.

关键词： Byrsocarpus coccineus Connaraceae Hypoglycemic activity Antioxidant activity Diabetes

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Evaluation of coffee intercropped with rice and plantain at early stage of field establishment in Nigeria

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Agricultural Sciences 2012年第3期3卷 347-350页

作者： Amos olatunde Famaye Gerald o. Iremiren Kayode olufemi Ayegboyin Kayode Babatunde Adejobi Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria Ibadan Nigeria

An intercropping experiment involving coffee (sole), coffee/rice, coffee/plantain and coffee/ rice/plantain was carried out between 2007 and 2008 at the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN) Uhonmora Substation, Edo State situated in a derived Guinea Savanna agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. The experiment was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with above mentioned treatment and replicated three times. The spacing used for coffee and plantain was 3 m apart respectively while rice was sown 30 cm apart. Morphological parameters such as plant height, stem girth, leaf area and canopy score were taken on coffee monthly while the survival count were taken after two months of field establishment. Yields of the component crops were also collected at maturity. Data collected were subjected to statistical analysis of variance and LSD used to separate the means that were significant. Result obtained showed 98% survival without any significant difference among the treatments. on vegetative growth, coffee/rice and coffee/plantain were significantly higher (p offee sole and coffee/rice/plantain in plant girth and leaf area but not significantly higher in all the months. Plant height however did not follow the same trend as height in coffee sole was slightly higher than coffee/rice. However, the difference was not significant. But coffee/plantain was still significantly higher (P offee/rice/plantain. The least was recorded in coffee/rice/plantain intercrop. Grain and bunch yields from rice and plantain respectively in the intercrops compare favourable well to what obtain from coffee sole. From the result obtained, it could be concluded that there was no deleterious effect on growth when rice and plantain were intercropped with coffee. Therefore coffee/rice and coffee/plantain intercropped with better performance could be recommended to coffee farmers in Nigeria rather than sole planting of coffee.

关键词： Evaluation Coffee Rice Plantain Intercrop

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