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No plant functional diversity effects on foliar fungal pathogens in experimental tree communities

fungal Diversity 2014年第3期66卷 139-151页

作者： Lydia hantsch Uwe Braun Josephine haase oliver Purschke Michael Scherer-Lorenzen helge Bruelheide Institute of Biology Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle WittenbergAm Kirchtor 106108 Halle(Saale)Germany Department of Environmental Systems Science ETH ZurichEcosystem ManagementInstitute of Terrestrial EcosystemsUniversitaetsstr.168092 ZurichSwitzerland German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5e04103 LeipzigGermany faculty of Biology GeobotanyAlberts-Ludwigs University of FreiburgSchaenzlestr.179104 FreiburgGermany

foliar fungal pathogens affect forest ecosystem processes by exerting highly species-specific impacts on growth and survival of *** many ecosystem processes in forests depend on functional diversity of specific tree species,a close relationship is expected between this and foliar fungal pathogen *** for such a relationship in the German tree diversity experiment BIOTREE(Bechstedt),we hypothesized that pathogen richness and pathogen load decline with increasing functional diversity of tree *** macro-and microscopic analyses,we assessed pathogen richness and load on 16 tree species in plots that,although differing in functional diversity,had the same tree species *** found no effects of functional diversity on pathogen richness or ***,we encountered strong species identity effects in plot species composition,as susceptible tree species contributed positively to each community’s pathogen richness and ***,testing for effects of particular leaf traits and geographical range size of host species revealed a significant effect of total leaf phenolics,which was unexpected as pathogen richness increased with increasing content in *** study showed that at the community level,host species’identity was more important for foliar fungal pathogen richness and load than the functional diversity of host *** positive relationship between pathogen richness and phenolics in leaves,along with the finding that pathogen richness is very much conserved in tree species,point to an evolutionary arms race between hosts and fungi resulting from fungi increasing their capacity to infect tree leaves and trees boosting their defences.

关键词： Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning BIOTREE experiment host defence traits Phylogenetic pattern Polyphenolics Tree species identity effects

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scCloudMine:A cloud-based app for visualization,comparison,and exploration of single-cell transcriptomic data

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Plant Communications 2022年第4期3卷 14-24页

作者： Mathew G.Lewsey Changyu Yi oliver Berkowitz felipe Ayora Maurice Bernado James Whelan La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and food La Trobe UniversityAgriBio BuildingBundooraVIC 3086Australia Australian Research Council Research hub for Medicinal Agriculture La Trobe UniversityAgriBio BuildingBundooraVIC 3086Australia BizData Level 9/278Collins StreetMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Department of Animal Plant and Soil SciencesSchool of Life ScienceLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3086Australia Research and Advanced Computing BizDataLevel 312-6Gilmer TerraceWellington6011New Zealand

scCloudMine is a cloud-based application for visualization,comparison,and exploration of single-cell transcriptome *** does not require an on-site,high-power computing server,installation,or associated expertise and *** upload their own or publicly available scRNA-seq datasets after preprocessing for visualization using a web *** data can be viewed in two color modes—Cluster,representing cell identity,and Values,showing levels of expression—and data can be queried using keywords or gene identification number(s).Using the app to compare studies,we determined that some genes frequently used as cell-type markers are in fact study *** apparent cell-specific expression of PhO1;h3 differed between GfP-tagging and scRNA-seq *** phosphate transporter genes were induced by protoplasting,but they retained cell specificity,suggesting that cell-specific responses to stress(i.e.,protoplasting)can *** of the cell specificity of hormone response genes revealed that 132 hormone-responsive genes display restricted expression and that the jasmonate response gene TIfY8 is expressed in endodermal cells,in contrast to previous *** also appears that JAZ repressors have cell-type-specific *** features identified using scCloudMine highlight the need for resources to enable biological researchers to compare their datasets of interest under a variety of *** enables researchers to form new hypotheses and perform comparative studies and allows for the easy re-use of data from this emerging technology by a wide variety of users who may not have access or funding for high-performance on-site computing and support.

关键词： single cell RNA sequencing visualization discovery comparison

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Predicting solid state material platforms for quantum technologies

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1983-1997页

作者： oliver Lerstøl hebnes Marianne Etzelmüller Bathen Øyvind Sigmundson Schøyen Sebastian GWinther-Larsen Lasse Vines Morten hjorth-Jensen Sopra Steria Information Technology and ServicesN-4020StavangerNorway Department of Physics and Center for Computing in Science Education University of OsloN-0316OsloNorway Advanced Power Semiconductor Laboratory ETH Zürich8092ZürichSwitzerland Menon Economics N-0369OsloNorway Department of Physics and Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology University of OsloN-0316OsloNorway Department of Physics and Astronomy and facility for Rare Isotope Beams Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA

Semiconductor materials provide a compelling platform for quantum technologies(QT).however,identifying promising material hosts among the plethora of candidates is a major ***,we have developed a framework for the automated discovery of semiconductor platforms for QT using material informatics and machine learning *** approaches were implemented to label data for training the supervised machine learning(ML)algorithms logistic regression,decision trees,random forests and gradient *** find that an empirical approach relying exclusively on findings from the literature yields a clear separation between predicted suitable and unsuitable *** contrast to expectations from the literature focusing on band gap and ionic character as important properties for QT compatibility,the ML methods highlight features related to symmetry and crystal structure,including bond length,orientation and radial distribution,as influential when predicting a material as suitable for QT.

关键词： quantum symmetry separation

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Investigating molecular orbitals with submolecular precision on pristine sites and single atomic vacancies of monolayer h-BN

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Nano Research 2020年第8期13卷 2233-2238页

作者： Liwei Liu Thomas Dienel Gino Günzburger Teng Zhang Zeping huang Cong Wang Roland Widmer Wei Ji Yeliang Wang oliver Gröning School of Information and Electronics MIIT Key Laboratory for Low-Dimensional Quantum Structure and DevicesBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyDuebendorfCH-8600Switzerland Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University and NSF-MIP Platform for the Accelerated RealizationAnalysisand Discovery of Interface Materials(PARADIM)IthacaNY14853USA Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic functional Materials&Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing100872China

Understanding the influence of adsorption sites to the electronic properties of adsorbed molecules on two-dimensional(2D)ultrathin insulator is of essential importance for future organic-inorganic hybrid ***,the adsorption and electronic states of manganese phthalocyanine(MnPc)on a single layer of hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)have been comprehensively studied by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and tight binding *** frontier orbitals of the MnPc can change drastically by reversible manipulation of individual MnPc molecules onto and away from the single atomic vacancies at the h-BN ***,the change of the molecular electronic configuration can be controlled depending on whether the atomic vacancy is below the metal center or the ligand of the *** findings give new insight into defect-engineering of the organic-inorganic hybrid nanodevices down to submolecular level.

关键词： hexagonal boron nitride phthalocyanine single atomic vacancy molecular orbital scanning tunneling microscopy

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Oxygen radical formation does not have an impact in the treatment of severe acute experimental pancreatitis using free cellular hemoglobin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第18期12卷 2914-2918页

作者： helge Kleinhans oliver Mann Paulus G Schurr Jussuf T Kaifi Bente hansen Jakob R Izbicki Tim Strate Department of General- Visceral- and Thoracic SurgeryUniversity Medical Center Hamburg-EppendorfMartinistrasse 52D-20246 HamburgGermany

AIM： Microcirculatory dysfunction and free oxygen radicals are important factors in the pathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis. Additional oxygen delivery might enhance lipid peroxidation but may also improve pancreatic microcirculation. This study assesses the effect of free cellular bovine hemoglobin on the formation of oxygen radicals and microcirculation in a rodent model of severe acute pancreatitis. METhODS： fifteen minutes after induction of acute pancreatitis Wistar rats received either 0.8 mL bovine hemoglobin （hBOC-200）, hydroxyethyl starch （hES） or 2.4 mL of normal saline to ensure normovolemic substitution. After 6 h of examination the pancreas was excised and rapidly processed for indirect measurement of lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde （MDA） and reduced glutathione （GSh） in pancreatic tissue. RESULTS： The single application of hBOC-200 improved pancreatic microcirculation and reduced histopathological tissue damage significantly. Tissue concentration of MDA did not differ between the groups. Also no differences in GSh levels were detected.CONCLUSION： Though the single application of hBOC-200 and hES improve pancreatic microcirculation, no differences in lipid peroxidation products were detected. The beneficial effect of additional oxygen supply （hBOC-200） does not lead to enhanced lipid peroxidation.

关键词： hemoglobin-based-oxygen-carrier hBOC Blood substitudes Severe acute pancreatitis free oxygen radicals Oxidative stress

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Thermochemical Parameters of Tetramethylthiourea Adducts of Certain Metal(II) Bromides

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Open Journal of Physical Chemistry 2015年第1期5卷 9-19页

作者： Pedro oliver Dunstan Instituto de Química Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil

Complexes of the general formula [MBr2(TMTU)n] (where M is Mn, fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn or Cd;TMTU is Tetramethylthiourea;n is 0.75, 2 or 3) were obtained by the reaction of salts and ligand in solution. The bromides were selected among several other salts because they had thermochemical data in the literature. Properties as capillary melting points;C, h, N, Br and metal contents;TG/DTG and DSC curves;and IR and electronic spectra were determined. The values of several thermodynamic parameters for the complexes were found by solution calorimetry. from them, the standard enthalpies of the metal-sulphur coordinated bonds were calculated. The standard enthalpies of the formation of the gaseous phase adducts also were estimated.

关键词： Enthalpies of formation Thermodynamic Coordinated Bond Enthalpies Solution Calorimetry Dissolution Enthalpies Tetramethylthiourea Adducts

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flotation of carbonaceous copper shale-quartz mixture with poly(ethylene glycol) alkyl ethers

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2015年第1期25卷 314-318页

作者： Przemyslaw B.KOWALCZUK Emilia ZALESKA oliver DANCZAK Wroclaw University of Technology

The influence of different poly（ethylene glycol） alkyl ethers（Cnh2n＋1O（C2h4O）mh, CnEm） on flotation of carbonaceous copper shale mixed with quartz as a gangue mineral was investigated. The results show that all of the ethers C4E1, C4E2, C4E3, C2E2, C6E2 investigated can be used for the flotation of carbonaceous copper shale. The best selectivity of separation in the flotation of the carbonaceous copper shale and quartz mixture is obtained with the C4E2 and C2E2 ethers. The obtained data can be used for developing separation of organic carbon present in carbonaceous shale at a rougher flotation stage on an industrial scale.

关键词： flotation frother selectivity shale quartz poly(ethylene glycol) alkyl ethers

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In-situ loading neutron-diffraction studies of a cobalt-based superalloy

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2006年第A2期16卷 144-148页

作者： M. L. BENSON P. K LIAW h. ChOO T. A. SALEh D. W. BROWN M. R. DAYMOND X. L. WANG A. D. STOICA E. C. oliver D. L. KLARSTROM Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 USA Metals and Ceramics Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA Los Alamos Neutron Science Center Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 USA Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Queen＇s University Kingston ON K7L3N6 Canada Spallation Neutron Source Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory Chilton Didcot OX 11 0QX UK haynes International Inc Kokomo IN 46904 USA

ULTIMET® alloy is a cobalt-based superalloy that undergoes a deformation-induced phase transformation from a face-centered-cubic (fcc) phase to a hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) phase. The transformation was studied during monotonic loading, stress-controlled high-cycle fatigue (hCf) and strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue (LCf). The hCf was performed at a maximum stress of σmax=840 MPa and a minimum stress of σmin=84 MPa, while the tensile experiment was terminated after reaching σmax=890 MPa. The LCf was performed at a maximum strain of σmax=1.25% and a minimum strain of σmin=-1.25%. The monotonic-loading experiment results reveal that the hcp phase forms after reaching the yield stress. During hCf, the hexagonal phase forms immediately upon the first fatigue cycle, with no further change in structure upon subsequent deformation. In contrast to hCf, the hcp phase forms gradually during LCf. In fact, fatigue cycle 12 is reached before the hcp phase is resolved by neutron diffraction. Diffraction patterns from subsequent fatigue cycles reveal that the hcp phase continues to accumulate as LCf progresses. These observations can be related to the input of mechanical energy during different loading modes.

关键词：钴基高温合金现场加载中子衍射 fcc hcp 相变

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Easy exercises for oral skills

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2009年

作者： (英) James oliver

本书突破传统英语口语教材的编写习惯，注重技巧练习与英语思维能力培养，共设置12个情景训练，场景真切，练习形式多样。

ISBN: (纸本)9787510300073

本书突破传统英语口语教材的编写习惯，注重技巧练习与英语思维能力培养，共设置12个情景训练，场景真切，练习形式多样。

关键词：英语

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Sub-50 fs pulses at 2050 nm from a picosecond ho:YLf laser using a two-stage Kagome-fiber-based compressor

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Photonics Research 2022年第3期10卷 637-645页

作者： Krishna Murari Giovanni Cirmi hüseyin Cankaya Gregory J.Stein Benoit Debord frederic Gerome felix Ritzkosky fetah Benabid oliver Muecke franz X.Kärtner Center for free Electron Laser Science CfEL Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY22607 HamburgGermany Max-Planck Institute for Structure and Dynamics of Matter(MPSD) 22761 HamburgGermany ELI-ALPS ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd.Szeged H-6728Hungary The hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging&Department of Physics University of Hamburg22761 HamburgGermany GPPMM Group XLIM Research InstituteUMR 7252 CNRSUniversity of LimogesLimogesFrance show less

The high-energy few-cycle mid-infrared laser pulse beyond 2μm is of immense importance for attosecond science and strong-field ***,the limited gain bandwidth of laser crystals such as ho:YLf and ho:YAG allows the generation of picosecond(ps)long pulses and,hence,makes it challenging to generate few-cycle pulse at 2μm without utilizing an optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier(OPCPA).Moreover,the exclusive use of the near-infrared wavelength has limited the generation of wavelengths beyond 4μm(OPCPA).furthermore,high harmonic generation(hhG)conversion efficiency reduces dramatically when driven by a long-wavelength *** schemes such as multi-color hhG have been proposed to enhance the harmonic ***,it is highly desirable to generate few-cycle to femtosecond pulses from a 2μm laser for driving these ***,we utilize two-stage nonlinear spectral broadening and pulse compression based on the Kagome-type hollow-core photonic crystal fiber(hC-PCf)to compress few-ps pulses to sub-50 fs from a ho:YLf amplifier at 2μm at 1 khz repetition *** demonstrate both experimentally and numerically the compression of 3.3 ps at 140μJ pulses to 48 fs at 11μJ with focal intensity reaching 10^(13)W/cm^(***,this system can be used for driving hhG in solids at 2μ*** the first stage,the pulses are spectrally broadened in Kagome fiber and compressed in a silicon-based prism compressor to 285 fs at a pulse energy of 90μ*** the second stage,the 285 fs pulse is self-compressed in air-filled *** fine-tuning of the group delay dispersion(GDD)externally in a 3 mm window,a compressed pulse of 48 fs is *** leads to a 70-fold compression of the ps pulses at 2050 *** further used the sub-50 fs laser pulses to generate white light by focusing the pulse into a thin medium of YAG.

关键词： fiber amplifier compressor

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