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The forecast of fire impact on Pinus sylvestris renewal in southwestern Siberia

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 1911-1919页

作者： Stanislav NSannikov Nelly SSannikova Irina VPetrova olga e.che.e.anova Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Science 202a8 Marta St.Yekaterinburg 620144Russia

Simulation of fire impact on forest floor renewal in pine forests was based on predictions for 2100 by the Canadian Climate Centre for increase in temperatures of by4.5℃and total precipitation by 14%in the West Siberian pre-forest-steppes and empirical regression relationships between them and the degree of burnt forest floor,as well as amount of Pinus sylvestris *** was predicted that by 2100,pine regeneration on fire prone sites under the canopy of the dominant forest type will increase by 29-54%compared to the 1980 s but on adjacent open sites,regeneration will decrease twice as *** means that the regeneration potential and pine population stability in pre-forest-steppes will become as poor as it is today.

关键词： Fire Forecast Stability Population Mathematical model Seeds Imitation model Undergrowth

chemical geothermometry:application to mud volcanic waters of the Caucasus region

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Frontiers of earth Science 2020年第4期14卷 738-757页

作者： olga e.Kikvadze Vasilii Yu.Lavrushin Boris G.Polyak Geological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow119017Russia Siberian Branch of the RAS V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and MineralogyNovosibirsk630090Russia

The generation temperatures of gas-water fluids released from mud volcanoes in different provinces of the Caucasian region have been constrained using Mg/Li(T_(Mg/Li))chemical *** volcanic fluids in the Taman Peninsula(Kerch-Taman mud volcanic province)were generated at temperatures(T_(Mg/Li))from 41℃ to 137℃.The depths of the respective mud reservoirs estimated from T_(Mg/Li) values and local geothermal gradient are in a range of 1.0 to 3.4 km which spans the Maykop Formation of marine *** the South Caspian province,the T_(Mg/Li) values of waters vary from 18℃ to 137℃ and the respective root depths HMg/Li of mud volcanoes range from∼0.85 to 6.5 *** obtained T_(Mg/Li) values for the analyzed mud volcanic waters from Caucasian provinces are in positive correlation with HCO3^(−)contents and water oxygen isotope compositions(δ^(18)OH_(2)O andΔδ^(18)OH_(2)O)and in high negative correlation with Cl^(−).The increase of T_(Mg/Li) toward the Greater Caucasus Range,as well as the lateral T_(Mg/Li) patterns in the Taman and South Caspian mud volcanic provinces,support the idea that mud volcanic fluids generate at temperatures increasing progressively toward the Alpine orogenic belt.

关键词： mud volcano fluid chemical geothermometry stable isotopes Caucasus region

On-target temporal characterization of optical pulses at relativistic intensity

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 278-286页

作者： Vyacheslav e.Leshchenko Alexander Kessel olga Jahn Mathias Kruger Andreas Münzer Sergei ATrushin Laszlo Veisz Zsuzsanna Major Stefan Karsch Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik 85748 GarchingGermany Department fur Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen85748 GarchingGermany Department of Physics Umea UniversityUmeåSE-90187Sweden Department of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH PlanckstraBe 164291 DarmstadtGermany Helmholtz-Institut Jena Frobelstieg 307743 JenaGermany

High-field experiments are very sensitive to the exact value of the peak intensity of an optical pulse due to the nonlinearity of the underlying ***,precise knowledge of the pulse intensity,which is mainly limited by the accuracy of the temporal characterization,is a key prerequisite for the correct interpretation of experimental *** the detection of energy and spatial profile is well established,the unambiguous temporal characterization of intense optical pulses,another important parameter required for intensity evaluation,remains a challenge,especially at relativistic intensities and a few-cycle pulse ***,we report on the progress in the temporal characterization of intense laser pulses and present the relativistic surface second harmonic generation dispersion scan(RSSHG-D-scan)—a new approach allowing direct on-target temporal characterization of high-energy,few-cycle optical pulses at relativistic intensity.

关键词： optical relativistic intensity

Comparison of fatty acid contents and composition in major lipid classes of larvae and adults of mosquitoes （Diptera： Culicidae） from a steppe region

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Insect Science 2013年第5期20卷 585-600页

作者： Nadezhda N. Sushchik Yuri A. Yurchenko Michaill. Gladyshev olga e. Belevich Galina S. Kalachova Angelika A. Kolmakova Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Akademgorodok 50/50 Krasnoyarsk Russia Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology Siberian Federal University Krasnoyarsk Russia Institute of Systematics and ecology of Animals of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk Russia

emerging aquatic insects, including mosquitoes, are known to transfer to terrestrial ecosystems specific essential biochemicals, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids （PUFA）. We studied fatty acid （FA） composition and contents of dominant mosquito populations （Diptera： Culicidae）, that is, Anopheles messeae, Ochlerotatus caspius, Oc. flavescens, Oc. euedes, Oc. subdiversus, Oc. cataphylla, and Aedes cinereus, inhabited a steppe wetland of a temperate climate zone to fill up the gap in their lipid knowledge. The polar lipid and triacylglycerol fractions of larvae and adults were compared. In most studied mosquito species, we first found and identified a number of short-chain PUFA, for example, prominent 14：2n-6 and 14：3n-3, which were not earlier documented in living organisms. These PUFA, although occurred in low levels in adult mosquitoes, can be potentially used as markers of mosquito biomass in terrestrial food webs. We hypothesize that these acids might be synthesized （or retroconverted） by the mosquitoes. Using FA trophic markers accumulated in triacylglycerols, trophic relations of the mosquitoes were accessed. The larval diet comprised green algae, cryptophytes, and dinoflagellates and provided the mosquitoes with essential n-3 PUFA, linolenic, and eicosapentaenoic acids. As a result, both larvae and adults of the studied mosquitoes had comparatively high content of the essential PUFA. Comparison of FA proportions in polar lipids versus storage lipids shown that during mosquito metamorphosis transfer of essential eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acids from the reserve in storage lipids of larvae to functional polar lipids in adults occurred.

关键词： amphibiotic insects essential fatty acids metamorphosis mosquitoes,short-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

Longitudinal dependence of the forecast accuracy of the ionospheric total electron content in the equatorial zone

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 528-541页

作者： Artem Kharakhashyan olga Maltseva Institute for Physics Southern Federal University344090Russia

The longitudinal dependence of the behavior of ionospheric parameters has been the subject of a number of works where significant variations are *** also applies to the prediction of the ionospheric total electron content(TeC),which neural network methods have recently been widely ***,the results are mainly presented for a limited set of *** paper examines the longitudinal dependence of the TeC forecast accuracy in the equatorial *** this case,the methods are used that provided the best accuracy on three meridians:european(30°e),Southeastern(110°e)and American(75°W).Results for the stations considered are analyzed as a function of longitude using the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Global Ionosphere Map(JPL GIM)for *** results are for 2 h ahead and 24 h ahead *** was found that in this case,based on the metric values,three groups of architectures can be *** first group included long short-term memory(LSTM),gated recurrent unit(GRU),and temporal convolutional networks(TCN)models as a part of unidirectional deep learning models;the second group is based on the recurrent models from the first group,which were supplemented with a bidirectional algorithm,increasing the TeC forecasting accuracy by 2-3 *** third group,which includes the bidirectional TCN architecture(BiTCN),provided the highest *** this architecture,according to data obtained for 9 equatorial stations,practical independence of the TeC prediction accuracy from longitude was observed under the following metrics(Mean Absolute error MAe,Root Mean Square error RMSe,Mean Absolute Percentage error MAPe):MAe(2 h)is 0.2 TeCU approximately;MAe(24 h)is 0.4 TeCU approximately;RMSe(2 h)is less than 0.5 TeCU except Niue station(RMSe(2 h)is 1 TeCU approximately);RMSe(24 h)is in the range of 1.0-1.7 TeCU;MAPe(2 h)except Darwin station,MAPe(24 h)esult was confirmed by data from additional 5 stations that formed latitudinal chains in the

关键词： Ionosphere Total electron content Forecasting BiGRU BiLSTM BiTCN Temporal convolution

纳米级ZnO/MgO固体的合成及其对CO的氧化活性(英文)

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催化学报 2008年第11期29卷 1079-1083页

作者： olga Z. DIDeNKO Gulnara R. KOSMAMBeTOVA Peter e. STRIZHAK L.V.Pisarzhevsky Institute of Physical chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

The ZnO/MgO solid samples containing the ZnO nanoparticles of controllable size were prepared using colloidal technique. The catalytic performance of the ZnO/MgO samples for the CO oxidation was measured. It was revealed that the rate of the CO oxidation reaction on the ZnO nanoparticles with variable average radius (2.01-2.29 nm) shows nonmonotonic dependence caused by the quantum-confinement effect.

关键词：纳米氧化锌氧化镁催化剂氧化活性一氧化碳

Sociability and pair-bonding in gerbils: a comparative experimental study

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Current Zoology 2019年第4期65卷 363-373页

作者： Andrey V. TCHABOVSKY Ludmila e. SAVINeTSKAYA Natalia L. OVCHINNIKOVA Alexandra SAFONOVA olga N. ILcheNKO Svetlana R. SAPOZHNIKOVA Nina A. VASILIeVA Department of Vertebrate Zoology A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution Moscow Russia Laboratory for Population ecology Lomonosov Moscow State University Russia Moscow Zoo Russia

In a study of gerbils with contrasting social and mating systems (group-living monogamous Mongolian gerbil Meriones unguiculatus, solitary nonterritorial promiscuous midday jird M. meridianus, and solitary territorial promiscuous pale gerbil Gerbillus perpallidus), we employed part ner pref ere nee tests (PPTs) to assess among-species variation in sociability and pair-bonding patterns and tested whether the nature of contact between individuals: direct contact (DC) versus nondirect contact (NDC) affected our results. We measured male pref ere nces as the time: 1) spe nt alone, 2) with familiar (partner), and 3) unfamiliar (stranger) female in the 3-chambered apparatus. Gerbil species differed strongly in sociability and male partner preferences. The time spent alone was a reliable indicator of species sociability indepe ndent of the nature of con tact, whereas the pattern and level of betwee n-species differe nces in male partner preferences depended on con tact type: DC PPTs, un like NDC-tests, discriminated well betwee n monogamous and promiscuous species. In the DC-tests, stranger-directed aggression and stranger avoidanee were observed both in the highly social monogamous M. unguiculatus and the solitary territorial promiscuous G. perpallidus, but not in the non territorial promiscuous M. meridianus. In M. unguiculatus, stranger avoidanee in the DC-tests increased the time spent with the partner, thus providing evidence of a partner preference that was not found in the NDC-tests, whereas in G. perpallidus, stran ger avoidance in creased the time spe nt alone. This first comparative experimental study of partner prefere nces in gerbils provides new in sights into the in terspecific variation in gerbil sociality and mating systems and sheds light on behavioral mechanisms un derlyi ng social fidelity and pair-b on ding.

关键词： gerbils mating systems partner preference test partner fidelity social systems stranger-directed aggression

Testing of new ionospheric models along the meridian 110°e over the Northern Hemisphere

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第6期13卷 544-553页

作者： olga Maltseva Artem Kharakhashyan Tatyana Nikitenko Institute for Physics Southern Federal University344090Russia

Despite the continuous improvement of the widely used empirical model international reference ionosphere(IRI),the recently appeared new models must be tested *** along the meridians has the advantage of dealing with the latitudinal dependent *** paper uses new models of parameters foF2(critical frequency),TeC(total electron content),andτ(equivalent slab thickness of the ionosphere),which are of great importance for evaluating the effects of space ***-Plas,NNT2F2,and NTSM models were tested using data from 6 ionosondes located along the meridian 110°e in March *** is shown that the IRI-Plas model provides the closest values to experiment with respect toτ,while the NTSM model provides a rather limited reflection of the latitude *** of foF2(NNT2F2)have shown that,the NNT2F2 model provides good conformity with experimental values in this area,but it is very dependent on the TeC processing *** latitudinal dependences of foF2 obtained with TeC and polynomial dependenceτ(Appr)showed the presence of positive deviations from medians not only during disturbances but also quiet periods,longitudinally at the meridian.

关键词： Ionosphere Modeling Total electron content Critical frequency Meridian 110°e

Territorial Resilience Through Visibility Analysis for Immediate Detection of Wildfires Integrating Fire Susceptibility,Geographical Features,and Optimization Methods

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2022年第4期13卷 621-635页

作者： Stavros Sakellariou George Sfoungaris olga Christopoulou Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural environment University of Thessaly38446 VólosGreece Department of Planning and Regional Development University of Thessaly38334 VólosGreece Computer Science Department University of Crete70013 HeraklionCreteGreece

Climate change effects tend to reinforce the frequency and severity of wildfires worldwide,and early detection of wildfire events is considered of crucial *** primary aim of this study was the spatial optimization of fire resources(that is,watchtowers)considering the interplay of geographical features(that is,simulated burn probability to delimit fire vulnerability;topography effects;and accessibility to candidate watchtower locations)and geo-optimization techniques(exact programming methods)to find both an effective and financially feasible solution in terms of visibility coverage in Chalkidiki Prefecture of northern *** integration of all geographical features through the Analytical Hierarchy Process indicated the most appropriate territory for the installment of *** analysis guaranteed the independence and proximity of location options(applying spatial systematic sampling to avoid first order redundancy)across the *** conjunction of the above processes yielded 654 candidate watchtower positions in 151,890 ha of *** algorithm was designed to maximize the joint visible area and simultaneously minimize the number of candidate locations and overlapping effects(avoiding second order redundancy).The results indicate four differentiated location options in the study area:(1)75locations can cover 90%of the forests(maximum visible area);(2)47 locations can cover 85%of the forests;(3)31locations can cover 80.2%of the forests;and(4)16 locations can cover 70.6%of the *** last option is an e fficient solution because it covers about 71%of the forests with just half the number of watchtowers that would be required for the third option with only about 10%additional forest ***,the final choice of any location scheme is subject to agency priorities and their respective financial flexibility.

关键词： Burn probability Greece Spatial optimization Topography effects Viewshed coverage Watchtowers Wildfire detection