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Breath Biopsy.(®) to Identify.Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds Biomarkers for Liver Cirrhosis Detection

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第3期11卷 638-648页

作者： Giuseppe Ferrandino Giovanna De palo Antonio Murgia Owen Birch Ahmed Tawfike Rob Smith Irene Debiram-Beecham olga Gandelman Graham Kibble Anne Marie Ly.on Alice Groves Agnieszka Smolinska Max Allsworth Billy.Boy.e Marc p.van der Schee Michael Allison Rebecca C.Fitzgerald Matthew Hoare Victoria K.Snowdon Owlstone Medical CambridgeUK Department of Oncology University of CambridgeHutchison/MRC Research CentreCambridgeUK Department of pharmacology.and Toxicology School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabo-lism(NUTRIM)Maastricht University Medical Centerthe Netherlands Department of Medicine University of CambridgeAddenbrooke’s HospitalCambridgeUK Addenbrookes Hepatology.and Liver Transplantation Unit Addenbrookes Hospi-talCambridgeUK MRC Cancer Unit Hutchison/MRC Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK CRUK Cambridge Institute CambridgeUK

Background and Aims:The prevalence of chronic liver dis-ease in adults exceeds 30%in some countries and there is significant interest in developing tests and treatments to help control disease progression and reduce healthcare *** is a rich sampling matrix that offers non-invasive so-lutions suitable for early.stage detection and disease *** previously.investigated targeted analy.is of a single biomarker,here we investigated a multiparametric approach to breath testing that would provide more robust and reliable results for clinical ***:To identify.can-didate biomarkers we compared 46 breath samples from cir-rhosis patients and 42 from *** and analy.is used Breath Biopsy.OMNI™,maximizing signal and contrast to background to provide high confidence biomarker detec-tion based upon gas chromatography.mass spectrometry.GC-MS).Blank samples were also analy.ed to provide de-tailed information on background volatile organic compounds(VOCs)***:A set of 29 breath VOCs differed significantly.between cirrhosis and controls.A classification model based on these VOCs had an area under the curve(AUC)of 0.95±0.04 in cross-validated test *** seven best performing VOCs were sufficient to maximize classifica-tion performance.A subset of 11 VOCs was correlated with blood metrics of liver function(bilirubin,albumin,prothrom-bin time)and separated patients by.cirrhosis severity.using principal component ***:A set of seven VOCs consisting of previously.reported and novel candidates show promise as a panel for liver disease detection and mon-itoring,showing correlation to disease severity.and serum biomarkers at late stage.

关键词： Breath Biopsy Non-invasive Biomarker Cirrhosis Liver function test.

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Indicators of success for smart law enforcement in protected areas:A case study.for Russian Amur tiger(panthera tigris altaica)reserves

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第1期11卷 2-15页

作者： Michiel H.H.HÖTTE Igor A.KOLODIN Sergei L.BEREZNUK Jonathan C.SLAGHT Linda L.KERLEy.Svetlana V.SOUTy.INA Galina p.SALKINA olga y.ZAUMy.LOVA Emma J.STOKES Dale G.MIQUELLE Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA phoenix Fund VladivostokRussian Federation Zoological Society.of London Regent’s ParkLondonEngland Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik Primorskii KraiRussian Federation Lazovskii State Nature Zapovednik Primorskii KraiRussian Federation Department of Ecology Far Eastern Federal UniversityAyaksRusski Island

Although considerable conservation resources have been committed to develop and use law enforcement monitoring and management tools such as SMART,measures of success are ill-defined and,to date,few reports detail results ***,we present 4 case studies from protected areas with Amur tigers(panthera tigris altaica)in Russia,in which indicators of success were defined and evaluated at *** ultimate goal was an increase in tiger numbers to 1 individual/100 km^(2)at each *** predicted that improvements in law enforcement effectiveness would be followed by.increases in prey.numbers and,subsequently.tiger *** used short-term and long-term indicators of success,including:(i)patrol team effort and effectiveness;(ii)catch per unit effort indicators(to measure reductions in threats);and(iii)changes in target species *** addition to implementing a monitoring sy.tem,we focused on improving law enforcement management using an adaptive management *** 4 y.ars,we noted clear increases in patrol effort and a partial reduction in *** we did not detect clear trends in ungulate numbers,tiger populations remained stable or increased,suggesting that poaching of tigers may.be more limiting than prey.*** effectiveness is needed before a clear reduction in threats can be noted,and more time is needed before detecting responses in target ***,delineation of concrete goals and indicators of success provide a means of evaluating progress and *** monitoring should be a central component of law enforcement strategies for protected areas.

关键词： adaptive patrol management Amur tiger anti-poaching law enforcement monitoring SMART

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Effects of an active lifesty.e on the phy.ical frailty.of liver transplant candidates

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World Journal of Transplantation 2022年第11期12卷 365-377页

作者： Ilias Marios Oikonomou Emmanouil Sinakos Nikolaos Antoniadis Ioannis Goulis olga Giouleme Maria Anifanti Georgios Katsanos Konstantina-Eleni Karakasi Georgios Tsoulfas Evangelia Kouidi Department of Transplant Surgery Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece The Fourth Department of Internal Medicine Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece The Second propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece Laboratory.of Sports Medicine Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 57001Greece

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation is the most important therapeutic intervention for end-stage liver disease(ELD).The prioritization of these patients is based on the model for end-stage liver disease(MELD),which can successfully.predict short-term ***,despite its great validity.and value,it cannot fully.incorporate several comorbidities of liver disease,such as sarcopenia and phy.ical frailty.variables that can sufficiently.influence the survival of such ***,there is growing interest in the importance of phy.ical frailty.in regard to mortality.in liver transplant candidates and recipients,as well as its role in improving their survival *** To evaluate the effects of an active lifesty.e on phy.ical frailty.on liver transplant *** An observational study.was performed within the facilities of the Department of Transplant Surgery.of Aristotle University.of *** liver transplant candidate patients from the waiting list of the department were included in the *** that were bedridden,had recent cardiovascular incidents,or had required inpatient treatment for more than 5 d in the last 6 mo were excluded from the *** following variables were evaluated:Activity.level via the International phy.ical Activity.Questionnaire(IpAQ);functional capacity.via the 6-min walking test(6MWT)and cardiopulmonary.exercise testing;and phy.ical frailty.via the Liver Frailty.Index(LFI).RESULTS According to their responses in the IpAQ,patients were divided into the following two groups based on their activity.level:Active group(A,10 patients);and sedentary.group(S,10 patients).Comparing mean values of the recorded variables showed the following results:MELD(A:12.05±5.63 vs S:13.99±3.60;p>0.05);peak oxy.en uptake(A:29.78±6.07 mL/kg/min vs S:18.11±3.39 mL/kg/min;ppp<0.001);and LFI(A:3.75±0.31 vs

关键词： Liver transplantation Frailty Six-minute walk test Cardiopulmonary.exercise testing Exercise therapy Observational study

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Regulatory.role of sphingosine kinase and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor signaling in progenitor/stem cells

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2018年第9期10卷 119-133页

作者： Mei Li Ng Nagendra S y.rla Mario Menschikowski olga A Sukocheva Centenary.Institute of Cancer Medicine and Cell Biology Sydney NSW 2050Australia Department of Biochemistry.and Bioinformatics Institute of ScienceGITAM UniversityRushikondaVisakhapatnam 530 045Andhra PradeshIndia Institute of Clinical Chemistry.and Laboratory.Medicine Carl Gustav Carus University HospitalTechnical University of DresdenDresden D-01307Germany College of Nursing and Health Sciences Flinders University of South AustraliaBedford Park SA 5042Australia

Balanced sphingolipid signaling is important for the maintenance of homeostasis. Sphingolipids were demonstrated to function as structural components, second messengers, and regulators of cell growth and survival in normal and disease-affected tissues. particularly. sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and its product sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1p) operate as mediators and facilitators of proliferation-linked signaling. Unlimited proliferation (selfrenewal) within the regulated environment is a hallmark of progenitor/stem cells that was recently.associated with the S1p signaling network in vasculature, nervous,muscular, and immune sy.tems. S1p was shown to regulate progenitor-related characteristics in normal and cancerstemcells(CSCs) viaG-protein coupled receptorsS1pn(n=1 to 5). The SphK/S1p axis is crucially.involved in the regulation of embry.nic development of vasculature and the nervous sy.tem, hematopoietic stem cell migration, regeneration of skeletal muscle, and development of multiple sclerosis. The ratio of the S1p receptor expression, localization, and specific S1p receptoractivated downstream effectors influenced the rate of selfrenewal and should be further explored as regeneration related targets. Considering malignant transformation,it is essential to control the level of self-renewal *** of the progenitor cell should be sy.chronized with differentiation to provide healthy.lifelong function of blood, immune sy.tems, and replacement of damaged ordead cells. The differentiation-related role of SphK/S1p remains poorly.assessed. A few pioneering investigations exploredpharmacologicaltoolsthattargetsphingolipid signaling and can potentially.confine and direct self-renewal towards normal differentiation. Further investigation is required to test the role of the SphK/S1p axis in regulation of self-renewal and differentiation.

关键词： Sphingosine-1-phosphate Sphingolipids Embry.nic stem cells Mesenchy.al stem cells Bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells Sphingosine kinase progenitor

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Aberrant expression of alternative isoforms of transcription factors in hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第10期10卷 645-661页

作者： olga Krivtsova Anna Makarova Natalia Lazarevich Federal State Budgetary.Institution “N.N.Blokhin Medical Research Center of Oncology”of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationMoscow 115478Russian M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow 119991Russian

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide and the second leading cause of death among all cancer ty.es. Deregulation of the networks of tissue-specific transcription factors(TFs) observed in HCC leads to profound changes in the hepatic transcriptional program that facilitates tumor progression. In addition, recent reports suggest that substantial aberrations in the production of TF isoforms occur in HCC. In vitro experiments have identified distinct isoform-specific regulatory.functions and related biological effects of liver-specific TFs that are implicated in carcinogenesis, which may.be relevant for tumor progression and clinical outcome. This study.reviews available data on the expression of isoforms of liver-specific and ubiquitous TFs in the liver and HCC and their effects, including HNF4α, C/EBps, p73 and TCF7 L2, and indicates that assessment of the ratio of isoforms and targeting specific TF variants may.be beneficial for the prognosis and treatment of HCC.

关键词： Alternative isoforms Transcription factors Hepatocellular carcinoma Alternative splicing Hepatic differentiation personalized treatment

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Fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of irritable bowel sy.drome:A sy.tematic review and meta-analy.is

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第20期29卷 3185-3202页

作者： Sofie Ingdam Halkjaer Bobby.Lo Frederik Cold Alice Hojer Christensen Savanne Holster Julia Konig Robert Jan Brummer olga C Aroniadis perttu Lahtinen Tom Holvoet Lise Lotte Gluud Andreas Munk petersen Gastro Unit Medical DivisionCopenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovre 2650Denmark Copenhagen IBD Center Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovre 2650Denmark Department of Gastroenterology Aleris-Hamlet Hospitals CopenhagenSøborg 2860Denmark Nutrition-Gut-Brain Interactions Research Centre Faculty of Medicine and HealthSchool of Medical SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebro 70362Sweden Department of Internal Medicine Division of GastroenterologyRenaissance School of MedicineStony Brook University HospitalNew YorkNY 11794-8434United States Department of Internal Medicine Päijät-Häme Central HospitalLahti 15850Finland Department of Medicine University of HelsinkiHelsinki 00014Finland Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital GhentGhent 9000Belgium Department of Clinical Medicine University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2200Denmark Department of Clinical Microbiology Copenhagen University Hospital HvidovreHvidovre 2650Denmark

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel sy.drome(IBS)is the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorder in developed countries and reduces patients’quality.of life,hinders their ability.to work,and increases health care costs.A growing number of trials have demonstrated an aberrant gut microbiota composition in IBS,also known as‘gut dy.biosis’.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)has been suggested as a treatment for *** To assess the efficacy.and safety.of FMT for the treatment of *** We searched Cochrane Central,MEDLINE,EMBASE and Web of Science up to 24 October 2022 for randomised controlled trials(RCTs)investigating the effectiveness of FMT compared to placebo(including autologous FMT)in treating *** primary.outcome was the number of patients with improvements of sy.ptoms measured using a validated,global IBS sy.ptoms *** outcomes were changes in quality.of-life scores,non-serious and serious adverse *** ratios(RR)and corresponding 95%CI were calculated for dichotomous outcomes,as were the mean differences(MD)and 95%CI for continuous *** Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality.of the *** criteria were used to assess the overall quality.of the *** Eight RCTs(484 participants)were included in the *** resulted in no significant benefit in IBS sy.ptoms three months after treatment compared to placebo(RR 1.19,95%CI:0.68-2.10).Adverse events were reported in 97 participants in the FMT group and in 45 participants in the placebo group(RR 1.17,95%CI:0.63-2.15).One serious adverse event occurred in the FMT group and two in the placebo group(RR 0.42,95%CI:0.07-2.60).Endoscopic FMT delivery.resulted in a significant improvement in sy.ptoms,while capsules did *** did not improve the quality.of life of IBS patients but,instead,appeared to reduce it,albeit non significantly.MD-6.30,95%CI:-13.39-0.79).The overall quality.of the evidence was low due to moderate-high inconsistency.the small number of

关键词： Fecal microbiota transplantation Irritable bowel sy.drome Meta-analy.is Sy.tematic review

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Facile Sy.thesis of Amino Acid Decorated Water-Soluble Fullerene Derivatives with Anti-influenza Activity

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第15期41卷 1803-1808页

作者： Valeriy. S.Bolshakova Ekaterina O.Sinegubova y.na L.Esaulkova Alexander S.peregudov Ekaterina A.Khakina Nikita A.Slesarenko Alexander F.Shestakov Vladimir V.Zarubaev pavel A.Troshin olga A.Kraevay. Federal Research Center for problems of Chemical phy.ics and Medicinal Chemistry.of RAS Academician Semenov ave.1Chernogolovka142432Russia Higher Chemical College of RAS D.1.Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of RussiaMiusskaya square 9Moscow125047Russia St.petersburg pasteur Institute Mira st.14St.Petersburg197101Russia A.N.Nesmey.nov Institute of Organoelement compounds of RAS Vavylova St.28B-334Moscow119991Russia National Research University.Higher School of Economics Vavylova St.7Moscow101000Russia Department of Fundamental phy.ics&Chemical Engineering M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityLeninskie Gory 1/51Moscow119991Russia Zhengzhou Research Institute Harbin Institute of TechnologyLongyuan East 7th 26Jinshui DistrictZhengzhouHenan 450003China Harbin Institute of Technology West Dazhi Street 92Nan Gang DistrictHarbinHeilongjiang 150001China

Comprehensive Summary.Herein,we present a facile sy.thesis of amide-ty.e water-soluble fullerene derivatives decorated with five residues of amino *** compared to the previously.developed approaches,the proposed method enables usage of a broad range of amino acids,including those unstable under Friedel-Crafts reaction ***,it is fully.tolerant to the nature of the sixth addend X in C60R5X precursor compounds and allows one to obtain fullerene derivatives with X=Cl,H,*** sy.thesized amide-ty.e water-soluble fullerene derivatives demonstrated promising antiviral activities against rimantadine-resistant influenzaА/puerto Rico/8/34(Н1N1)virus in vitro.

关键词： Fullerenes Amino acids Regioselectivity Water-solublel Influenza Antiviral

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Comparative analy.is of thinning techniques in pine forests

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Journal of Forestry.Research 2022年第4期33卷 1145-1156页

作者： Maame Esi Hammond Radek pokorný Simon Abugre Augustine Gy.du Department of Silviculture Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemědělská361300 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Forest Science School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Energy and Natural ResourcesP.O.Box 214SunyaniGhana Forest Services Division(FSD) P.M.BKumasiGhana

Thinning is a necessary.and complex forestry.*** complexity.increases due to theoretical disagreements,contradictory.recommendations,and errors of modern practice,which require confirmation through longtime *** article presents a summary.of experimental results from plantations established 20–30 y.ars ago and explains concepts of the theory.methods,and regime of thinning in permanent sample plots of pine stands in Gatchinsky.forest of the Leningrad *** research results allow for the clarification of growth patterns and age dy.amics of pine stands subject to heavy.low thinning,as well as the results of apply.ng the crown(high)thinning technique and a mixed treatment.A combined thinning and fertilization could improve wood quality.and y.eld compared to conventional *** particular scientific importance is the analy.is of change in tree diameter classes during growth and after *** research results allow for optimizing the treatment regime in pine plantations and reducing labor intensity.by.increasing the intensity.of thinning and reducing the number of techniques.

关键词： Forest management practices Forest stand Selective thinning Silviculture

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Adsorption of Metal Ions by.Sorbents Composed of Marine Alga Saccharina bongardiana and poriferous Aluminosilicates

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第4期1卷 514-521页

作者： Taty.na p. Belova olga N. Selivanova Research Geotechnological Center Far Eastern Division Russian Academy of Sciences Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii 683002Russia Kamchaka Branch of pacific Geographical Institute Far Eastern Division Russian Academy of SciencesPetropavlovsk-Kamchatskii 683000 Russia

The development of gold and cobalt-copper-nickel deposits in Kamchatka threatens the loss of biodiversity.in spawning rivers and lakes and has negative effects on coastal ecosy.tems. To reduce pollution by.mining wastes, filters with dried marine alga Saccharina bongardiana in combination with zeolite and pumice are recommended. Combined Saccharina-based sorbents remove heavy.metal ions more effectively. increasing adsorption capacity.by.five times compared to mineral (pumice) sorbents. As a result of desorption, a tenfold increase of the solution concentration is reached after the first sorption cy.le. Valuable elements (Ni, Co, Cu etc.) can then be extracted from concentrates by.any.known method. It increases economic efficiency.of the mining industry.due to recy.ling of non-ferrous metals. Saccharina-based sorbents can be also utilized for purification of polluted natural waters. It may.serve as environmental protection measure and provide for ecological safety.of the unique natural environment of Kamchatka and its bioresources.

关键词：金属离子吸附铝硅酸盐海藻吸收剂组成多孔沿海生态系统铜镍矿床

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A longitudinal assessment of retinal function and structure in the App/pS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2019年第1期8卷 372-381页

作者： Dana Georgevsky.Stephanie Retsas Newsha Raoufi olga Shimoni S.Mojtaba Golzan Vision Science group Graduate School of Health(Orthoptics Discipline)University of Technology Sydney15 BroadwayUltimoSydneyNSW 2007Australia Institute of Biomedical Materials&Devices(IBMD) Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Technology Sydney15 BroadwayUltimoSydneyNSW 2007Australia

Background:A great body.of evidence suggests that there are retinal functional and structural changes that occur in Alzheimer’s disease(AD).However,whether such changes are primary.or secondary.remains to be *** studied a range of retinal functional and structural parameters in association with AD-specific pathophy.iological markers in the double transgenic App/pS1 and control mice across ***:Electroretinogram(ERG)and optical coherence tomography.OCT)was performed in App/pS1 and wild ty.e(WT)control mice every.3 months from 3 to 12 months of *** functional assessment,the a-and b-wave of the ERG,amplitude of oscillatory.potentials(Op)and the positive scotopic threshold response(pSTR)were quantified at each time *** structural assessment,the inner and outer retinal thickness was segmented and measured from OCT *** memory.was evaluated at 6,9 and 12 months of age using the novel object recognition *** beta(Aβ)distribution in the hippocampus and the retina were visualised at 3,6 and 12 months of *** intra-group analy.is was performed to study.rate of change for each parameter between the two ***:Inter-group analy.is revealed a significant difference in b-wave and Ops of App/pS1 compared to WT controls starting from 3 months(pplitude of pSTR between the two groups starting from 6 months(pps,was observed starting from 9 months(pparameters in both App/pS1 and WT controls,however,inter-group analy.is revealed that inner retinal functional and structural decline is exacerbated in App/pS1 mice,and that retinal functional changes precede structural changes in this *** studies are required to confirm whether such phenomenon occurs in humans and if study.ng ret

关键词： Retinal function Retinal structure Retinal imaging Biomarkers Alzheimer’s disease Early.assessment

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