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Variability of the bioluminescence characteristics of the Black Sea ctenophores-aliens in connection with different conditions of nutrition

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第11期4卷 968-973页

作者： mashukova olga Tokarev Yuriy Department of the Biophysical Ecology Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol Ukraine

Many ecological-physiological characteristics of ctenophores-aliensMnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 and Beroe ovata Mayer, 1912 are studied quite well because they play a very important ecological role in the Black Sea ecosystem. However, bioluminescence, one of the most important elements of the ctenophores ecology and its connection with feeding regime were not studied sufficiently. Experiments have shown that characteristics of the ctenophores bioluminescence differed considerably in dependence of food supplies. Thus, amplitude and light-emitting energy of the fed ctenophores B. ovata are maximal, 3 times more than analogical indices of the just-caught individuals and 4 times more than ones of starving individuals. More prolonged flash signal (to 3.5 s), which exceeds light-emitting duration of the starving individuals twice, can be registered from the fed ctenophores. Investigation of the M. leidyi bioluminescence has shown that amplitude and light-emitting energy of the just-caught ctenophores were two times more than those of the starving individuals. At the same time, light-emitting amplitude of the fed individuals is 6.5 times and light-emitting energy is 3 - 4 times higher than that of the just-caught ctenophores. The light-emitting duration of the starving and justcaught organisms is practically the same. The most prolonged signal is registered from the fed ctenophores—up to 2.8 s. The data obtained testify that characteristics of the ctenophores bioluminescence can be conditioned not only by nutritional value but by the composition of the food as well.

关键词： Bioluminescence Beroe ovata Mnemiopsisleidyi Black Sea Nutrition

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Influence of the temperature at the Black Sea ctenophores-aliens bioluminescence characteristics

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2012年第3期3卷 269-273页

作者： mashukova olga Tokarev Yuriy Department of the Biophysical Ecology Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas (IBSS) of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol Ukraine

Successful invasion of Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 and Beroe ovata Mayer, 1912 into the Black Sea and their important role in this region pelagic ecosystem is stipulated mainly by the considerable eurythermy of these species. Many ecological-physiological characteristics of ctenophores—aliens are studied quite well. However, bioluminescence, one of the most important elements of the ctenophores ecology and the bioluminescence reaction temperature optimum for these individuals under different environment temperatures were not studied sufficiently. Therefore our researches in this scientific field are significant and conceptually novel for ctenophores ecology study. Experimental investigations were carried out in the period of 2008-2009 in the IBSS. Uni-sized (40 mm) ctenophores were collected in the Sevastopol coastal zone and divided in several groups, contained under different temperatures: from 10°C ± 1°C to 30°C ± 1°C. Ctenophore bioluminescence was investigated under chemical and mechanical stimulation. M. leidyi light emission maximal amplitude (1432.94 ± 71.64 × 108 quantum·s–1·cm–2) with duration of 3.54 ± 0.15 s is fixed under the temperature of 26°C ± 1°C. Temperature increase up to 30°C ± 1°C led to the 4 times decrease of the bioluminescence intensity. Under temperature decrease up to 10°C ± 1°C this parameter decreased 20 times (p B. ovata achieved maximal values under the temperature of 22°C ± 1°C (1150.12 ± 57.51 × 108 quantum·s–1·cm–2) with duration of 3.03 ± 0.15 s. The luminescence intensity decreased under the temperature increase to 30°C ± 1°C more than 20 times. Temperature decrease to the values of 10°C ± 1°C impacted decreasing the amplitude of bioluminescence up to the minimal –4.92 ± 0.22 × 108 quantum·s–1·cm–2. The data obtained testify that characteristics of the ctenophores bioluminescence can be conditioned not only by the modification the environment temperature but by the variability of their physiological condition.

关键词： Bioluminescence Beroe ovata Mnemiopsis leidyi Black Sea Temperature

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Some Theoretical and Applied Aspects of the Oceanic Bioluminescence Registration from Space

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2017年第9期8卷 283-294页

作者： Yuriy Tokarev Vladimir Vasilenko olga mashukova Biophysical Ecology Department Federal State Budget Institution of Science “A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Marine Biological Research RAS” Sevastopol Russia

The analysis of the surface bioluminescence in the World Ocean registration problems for the purposes of its regions ecological express-monitoring and evaluation of the plankton algae spatial distribution at night time by the existing space systems has been proposed. The connection of the plankton community characteristics with a bioluminescent potential (BP) in the euphotic layer and a possibility to evaluate BP according to bioluminescence intensity in the near-surface layer of 0 - 10 m has been demonstrated. It has been shown that with complete correspondence with the vertical structure in the plankton community at the dark time bioluminescence intensity in 0 - 10 m layer exceeds the same in 60 - 70 m layer for one and a half orders and practically determines BP in 0 - 100 m layer. Peculiarities of the plankton organisms light emission, important for the oceanic bioluminescence registration with the space means of observation are under discussion. Equation for calculation of the measured by the space device sea luminescence level and volume of the bioluminescence intensity in the surface layer of theWorldOcean, which can be registered due to modern technical means of the space systems has been corrected. The conclusion has been done that on the base of the space data about spatial and temporal phytoplankton distribution and bioluminescence “in situ” measurements it is possible to create regional algorithms for transition from numerical estimations of the phytoplankton (chlorophyll “a”) to the day time bioluminescent potential and solution of inverse tasks at night time.

关键词： Plankton Sea Bioluminescence Space Systems

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