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Anti-spermatogenic Effects of Ethanol Extract of Mucuna Urens

Journal of Reproduction and Contraception 2009年第3期20卷 161-168页

作者： Hannah Edim Etta Udoh Paul bassey Eneobong Effiom Eneobong okon bassey okon Biological Science Department Cross River University of Technology Environmental Biology and Zoology Department University of Calabar Genetics and Biotechnology Department University of Calabar Animal Science Department Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of Calabar

Objective To investigate the age-long claim by the locales that the food thickener, M. urens seed, has antispermatogenic, hence, antifertility effects in man. Methods Eight-week old male Albino rats were used as the mammalian model for this study. They were assigned to four groups of 6 rats each and treatment with the ethanol extract was for a period of 14 d. The treatment regimes were 70 mg/kg, 140 mg/kg, 210 mg/kg and 0 mg/kg BW in groups A, B, C and D, respectively. Extracts were prepared by Soxhlet extraction using 80% ethanol as the extracting solvent. The stock solution was prepared by dissolving 1 g of the paste extract in 10 ml corn oil （vehicle） to make up 100 mg/ml concentration. At the end of the treatment, sperm from the distal caudal epididymis was collected and analyzed for sperm count, sperm motility and sperm morphology. Results Significant reduction was observed in sperm count and sperm motility （P〈0.05）. The mean sperm count for group A was 6.27±0.02×10^6, for group B was 6.16±0.02×10^6 and group C had 6.0±0.0×10^6 sperm cells The control （group D） had a mean sperm count of 6.50±0.09×10^6 which was higher than that of any treated group. Results of the sperm motility test gave the following mean rates for motile sperm cells after treatment： group A, 57.6±% 2.1; group B, 50.0±4.0; group C, 45.0±4.0. The control had the highest mean motility rate of 72.3±2.1. The observed sperm abnormalities included unusual head with large acrosome, looped tailpiece, mid piece with distal droplet, pin head, pyriform head and long *** The anti-spermatogenic effects of the extract on the sperm in the Albino rat may lead to reduction of fertility.

关键词： Mucuna urens anti-spermatogenic sperm count sperm motility sperm morphology

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Geohydraulic Investigation of Aquifer Parameters in Abak, Southern Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第5期12卷 289-301页

作者： Promise James Akpan Akaninyene okon Akankpo Joseph Gordian Atat Johnson Cletus Ibout Emmanuel bassey Umoren Department of Physics University of Uyo Akwa Ibom Nigeria Department of Physics University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria

A geophysical investigation was carried out to characterize aquifer parameters and assess the groundwater condition in Abak, southern Nigeria. Vertical electrical sounding (VES) was carried out using Schlumberger configuration in 10 locations within the area. Both manual and computer interpretation of the resistivity data reveals three to four geoelectric units (laterite topsoil, medium-grained sand, coarse-grained sand, and sandy clay sand) which agrees with the lithologic log from existing boreholes. The aquifer layer was identified along the third formation with resistivity values ranging from 1239 - 5719 Ωm and aquifer depth ranging from 30.2 - 54.8 m. The aquifer thickness ranged from 24.2 - 43.7 m. Hydraulic conductivity ranged from 0.1206 m/day - 0.5026 m/day with an average value of 0.29403 m/day. Formation factor ranged from 14.55 - 16.64. Porosity ranged from 15.98% - 22.40%, with an average value of 19.64%. The aquiferous zone falls within the medium/coarse-grained sand. The aquifer is shallow, unconfined, and prolific with a little overburden formation of 13.5 m. The area shows good prospects for groundwater development.

关键词： Electrical Resistivity Porosity Formation Factor Hydraulic Conductivity

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Soil quality estimation using environmental covariates and predictive models:an example from tropical soils of Nigeria

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Ecological Processes 2022年第1期11卷 946-967页

作者： Isong Abraham Isong Kingsley John Paul bassey okon Peter Ikor Ogban Sunday Marcus Afu Department of Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of CalabarCalabar PMB 1115Nigeria Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection Faculty of AgrobiologyFoodand Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life SciencesKamýcká12916500 PragueCzech Republic

Background:Information addressing soil quality in developing countries often depends on results from small experimental plots,which are later extrapolated to vast areas of agricultural *** approach often results in misin-formation to end-users of land for sustainable soil nutrient *** objective of this study was to estimate the spatial variability of soil quality index(SQI)at regional scale with predictive models using soil–environmental ***:A total of 110 composite soil samples(0–30 cm depth)were collected by stratified random sampling schemes at 2–5 km intervals across the Cross River State,Nigeria,and selected soil physical and chemical properties were *** employed environmental covariates derived from a digital elevation model(DEM)and Senti-nel-2 imageries for our modelling *** measured soil quality using two approaches[total data set(TDS)and minimum data set(MDS)].Two scoring functions were also applied,linear(L)and non-linear(NL),yielding four indices(MDS_L,MDS_NL,TDS_L,and TDS_NL).Eleven soil quality indicators were used as TDS and were further screened for MDS using principal component analysis(PCA).Random forest(RF),support vector regression(SVR),regression kriging(RK),Cubist regression,and geographically weighted regression(GWR)were applied to predict SQI in unsampled ***:The computed SQI via MDS_L was classified into five classes:≤0.38,0.38–0.48,0.48–0.58,0.58–0.68,and≥0.68,representing very low(classⅤ),low(classⅣ),moderate(classⅢ),high(classⅡ)and very high(classⅠ)soil quality,*** model was robust in predicting soil quality(R^(2)=0.21,CCC=0.39,RMSE=0.15),while RF was a model with inferior performance(R^(2)=0.02,CCC=0.32,RMSE=0.15).Soil quality was high in the southern region and low in the northern *** soil quality class(>49%)and moderate soil quality class(>14%)dominate the study area in all predicted models ***:Structural stability index,sand content,soil oga

关键词： Decision support system Geospatial technology Predictive model Remote sensing Soil quality

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Do model choice and sample ratios separately or simultaneously influence soil organic matter prediction?

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2022年第3期10卷 470-486页

作者： Kingsley John Yassine Bouslihim Kokei Ikpi Ofem Lahcen Hssaini Rachid Razouk Paul bassey okon Isong Abraham Isong Prince Chapman Agyeman Ndiye Michael Kebonye Chengzhi Qin Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection Faculty of AgrobiologyFoodand Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life SciencesKamýcka 12916500PragueCzech Republic National Institute of Agricultural Research Morocco Department of Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureForestry and Wildlife Resources ManagementUniversity of CalabarPMB 1115540004Etta Agbo RoadCalabarNigeria State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing100101China

This study was performed to examine the separate and simultaneous influence of predictive models’choice alongside sample ratios selection in soil organic matter(SOM).The research was carried out in northern Morocco,characterized by relatively cold weather and diverse geological *** dataset herein used accounted for 1591 soil samples,which were randomly split into the following ratios:10%(∼150 sample ratio),20%(∼250 sample ratio),35%(∼450 sample ratio),50%(∼600 sample ratio)and 95%(∼1200 sample ratio).Models herein involved were ordinary kriging(OK),regression kriging(RK),multiple linear regression(MLR),random forest(RF),quantile regression forest(QRF),Gaussian process regression(GPR)and an ensemble *** findings in the study showed that the accuracy of SOM prediction is sensitive to both predictive models and sample *** combined with 95%sample ratio performed equally to RF in conjunction with all the sample ratios,as the latter did not show much sensitivity to sample *** results revealed that RF with a∼10%sample ratio could also be optimum for predicting SOM in the study *** conclusion,the findings herein reported could be instrumental for producing cost-effective detailed and accurate spatial estimation of SOM in other ***,they could serve as a baseline study for future research in the region or ***,we recommend conducting series of simulation of all possible combinations between various predictive models and sample ratios as a preliminary step in soil organic matter prediction.

关键词： Analysis of variance Agriculture Digital soil mapping Predictive mapping Mediterranean

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Computed Tomography Assessment of Cephalic Index and Sella Turcica Dimensions and Morphology in a Nigerian Population

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第2期9卷 112-119页

作者： Hyacienth Uche Chiegwu okon Etim bassey Christopher Chukwuemeka Ohagwu Thomas Adejoh Daniel Dirioha Odunko Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe UniversityAwkaAnambra StateNigeria Department of Radiography and Radiation Sciences Federal University of TechnologyOwerriImo StateNigeria Radiology Department Federal Medical CentreYenagoaBeyelsa StateNigeria

Cephalic index(CI)is the percentage of biparietal diameter to the occipitofrontal diameter of the skull and can be used in forensic investigations in cases of disputed identity where only fragments of the head/skull are *** sella turcica houses the pituitary gland whose hormones regulate the functions of many other glands and systems of the *** sizes of sella turcica could indicate sella/pituitary pathology with health *** study aimed to assess CI,head shapes and sella turcica dimensions and morphology of the Yoruba tribe of *** objectives are:to relate CI and head shapes with sella turcica dimensions and morphology,to use CI and head shape to identify and distinguish the Yoruba tribe from other tribes,to use CI and head shape to distinguish between ***/head and sella turcica dimensions were measured on 321 retrospectively enlisted normal cranial Computed Tomography(CT)images of Yoruba subjects,mean age 55(SD±17)years,in a Tertiary Hospital in South-West Nigeria between January 2020 and April 2021,and then CI *** was analyzed using IBM SPSS 27(IBM ***,NY,USA,2019).Predominant head shape of the studied group was *** CI was 70.0±3.7 and showed no statistically significant difference between gender(P=0.097).Mean sella length,depth;and anteroposterior diameter was 1.22±0.24 cm,0.80±0.15 cm,1.34±0.25 cm *** sella length and depth showed significant difference between gender(P=0.0001;P=0.032)*** shape has no association with sella dimensions and *** shape and CI may stratify populations in forensic practice and surgical planning.

关键词： Cephalic index Computed Tomography Head shape Sella turcica dimensions and morphology Yoruba tribe of Nigeria

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Evaluation of Fatigue Cracking Propagation： A Case Study of Airfield Infrastructure Systems

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2011年第2期1卷 108-118页

作者： bassey bassey okon Bartlett School of Construction and Project Management Faculty of the Built Environment UCL London WC1H OQB UnitedKingdom

The challenges posed by fatigue propagation on engineering materials and infrastructural facilities have necessitate for proper appraisal. Fatigue involvements in engineering systems are complex requiring indepth analysis and optimization of the governing phenomena. The pervasive demand for suitable solutions to this circumstance has been the greatest problem faced by the systems engineers in the quest for delivering sustainable infrastructural development. Consequently, the removal of interdisciplinary boundaries and merge of design platforms pose a great challenge for an unprepared project engineering and technology community. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms promoting fatigue occurrences for a complete model conceptualisation and analysis improvement. In this paper, the duo evaluation—-linear and effective crack length measurements are clearly shown to beacon the fatigue investigation for modern project engineering and technology. The paper has also examined the airfield pavement where this concept could be very useful. Such breakthrough would require accurate fatigue simulation and modelling platforms for inbuilt reliability and prudent resources management. Amongst the benefits of the fatigue analysis is the provision of an enabling environment for the sustainable management of engineering and technology projects.

关键词：疲劳裂纹扩展基础设施系统飞机场评价案例技术项目工程材料系统工程师

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Sustainability Index： An Application into Sustainable Engineering Infrastructure Management and Assessment

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Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation 2011年第1期1卷 18-31页

作者： bassey bassey okon Taha Salih Elhag School of Construction and Project Management University College London （UCL） Bartlett Faculty of the Built Environment London London WC1H 0QB United Kingdom

A proper infrastructure assessment in the contemporary engineering world has become very crucial due to the palpable resources challenges. Therefore, from the design, construction, operation and maintenance stages of the built infrastructural systems; cognizance must be taken of the associated factors and their significance. In considering these indices, the experts will save lots of resources wastage thereby integrating new technologies into the full life cycle of the infrastructure. In this paper, two sets of building infrastructure professionals were assessed. These are the corporate building organization (CBO) and the Operators from two shopping malls within the UK. Thirty-four factors regarding the sustainable building infrastructure appraisal were identified through literature reviews. These characteristics were accordingly classified into two factors (group I and II) and a comparative analysis of their influence conducted. Priority rating of the factors assessment on building infrastructure was through structured, administered survey amongst professionals within these organizations. Information of this survey revealed that the experts maintained a strong concordance in rating these factors. As a result, the associated factors have relatively substantial degree of influence in this context. Further indications of the result in groups I and II are that the CBO experts have indicated the infrastructure size, planning and design as the key factors. Also, the type of building characteristic was among others as the top and bottom marked cases. Similarly, the Operators too have maintained that a proper infrastructure design should incorporate a good policy framework for efficient energy saving fixtures and conservation. Additionally, the installation of quality equipment promotes cost savings of the resources and a just-in-time maintenance of the infrastructure at large. The maintain as-we-go philosophy characteristic was not strongly encouraged in this case.

关键词：可持续发展基建工程评估管理基础设施系统基础设施建设应用资源浪费

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Anticonvulsant potentials of ethanolic extract of Eleusine indica

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第12期4卷 965-968页

作者： Ette okon Ettebong Edidiong Etukakpan Augustine bassey Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of Clinical SciencesCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of UyoUyoNigeria Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyCollege of Health ScienceUniversity of UyoUyoNigeria

Objective:To assess the anticonvulsant potentials of ethanolic extract of Eleusine ***:Albino Wistar mice were separated into five groups with six animals in each group and thereafter pretreated with distilled water,various doses of the extract(200-600 mg/kg)and standard drug diazepam(0.5 mg/kg).Thirty minutes later,pentylenetetrazole(70 mg/kg),aminophylline(280 mg/kg)and isoniazid(250 mg/kg)were used to induce convulsions by intraperitoneal *** mice were then placed in plexiglas cages and monitored for the occurrence of seizures over a thirty-minute time *** latency of convulsions,duration of tonic convulsions and mortality protection were *** obtained were analyzed using GraphPad InStat ***:The results showed that the extract exhibited a dose-dependent increase in the latency of clonic convulsions and decrease in duration of tonic convulsions as compared to the control and these effects were statistically significant(P<0.001).The extract also provided protection against the mortality which was similar to that produced by the standard drug ***:The significant increase in the latency of clonic convulsions and decrease in duration of tonic convulsions caused by the extract show anticonvulsant activity and corroborate with the claims of the traditional use of the plant as an anticonvulsant remedy.

关键词： Extract Anticonvulsant Eleusine indica Convulsions

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NonOperative Management of Blunt Solid Abdominal Organ Injury in Calabar, Nigeria

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2010年第1期1卷 31-36页

作者： Asuquo Maurice bassey okon Etiuma Anietimfon Ngim Ogbu Ugare Gabriel Anthonia Ikpeme Department of Surgery University of Calabar Teaching Hospital

Background: Over the past several years, nonoperative management has been increasingly recommended for the care of selected blunt abdominal trauma patients with solid organ injuries. Objective: To evaluate the pattern and outcome of blunt abdominal trauma using haemodynamic stability and ultrasonography in the selection of patients for nonoperative management in a facility without computed tomogram. Methods: Patients admitted with blunt abdominal trauma between February 2005 and January 2010 were prospectively studied. Haemodynamic stability and sonography formed the basis for selecting patients for nonoperative management. Results: In total, 58 patients suffered blunt abdominal trauma and 19(33%) patients were successfully managed nonoperatively suffered blunt solid abdominal organ injuries. Road traffic accidents inflicted 17(89%) patients while 2(11%) patients sustained sports injury (football). The spleen was the commonest solid organ injured 12(60%), while the liver and kidney were injured in 6(30%) and 2(10%) respectively. Associated injuries were fractured left femur recorded in 3(16%) patients and fractured rib in a patient (5%). Conclusion: Nonoperative treatment is a safe and effective method in the management of haemodynamically stable patient with blunt solid abdominal organ injury. This translated to a reduction in hospital stay, absence of the risk of blood transfusion as well as attendant morbidity and mortality associated with laparotomy. Establishment of trauma system, provision of diagnostic and monitoring facilities, good roads, and education on road safety is recommended for improved outcome.

关键词： Blunt Abdominal Trauma Solid Organ Injury NonOperative Management

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Developmental stages and quality traits of giant African land snails [<i>Archachatina marginata</i>(swainson)] eggs

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Natural Science 2013年第10期5卷 1121-1126页

作者： B. okon L. A. Ibom I. E. Ebenso A. E. bassey Department of Animal Science University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Departrment of Animal Science University of Uyo Uyo Nigeria

Sixty sexually mature purebred black-skinned Archachatina marginata snails with weight ranging from 120.50 g to 135.70 g were used to generate eggs in this study. The eggs collected were incubated in a chamber filled with loamy soil for appropriate observation and assessment (cracking at four days intervals to check snailet’s development). Results obtained from the study showed that at laying snail egg weights ranged from 1.54 - 2.45 g (mean of 2.00 g). The egg lengths and widths ranged from 13.50 - 16.90 mm (mean of 15.20 mm) and 10.00 - 12.70 mm (mean of 11.40 mm) respectively. The results also revealed that at laying (day one) the egg content was translucent or clear (blank) when observed with light from a powered microscope. Observation of eggs on day four showed the formation of embryo with a semi-transparent cup attached to a long string body. On day 12, some specific organs of the snailet had developed, and there was a reduction in the liquid content. On day 28, the snailet was fully formed, but the shell still contained very small volume of liquid. The snailet hatched on day 29.

关键词： Development Quality Traits Eggs Snail Stages

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