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Tracheotomy in ENT at CNHU HKM of Cotonou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2021年第6期10卷 526-535页

作者： Warou Dolou Stephen LA Lawson Sonia Lawson Afouda Franç ois avakoudjo Wassi Adjibabi Berndadette Vignikin-Yehouessi Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology University Teaching Hospital of Kara Kara Togo Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology University Teaching Hospital Hubert Koutoukou MAGA (HKM) Cotonou Benin

Background: known since more than 5000 years, tracheotomy is indicated in severe obstructions of the upper airways or in improvement of ventilation in cases of problematic tracheal intubation. Its usefulness and efficiency are certain, but it needs regular assessments. Aim: to determine the frequency of tracheotomies in ENT at CNHU of Cotonou, identify the indications, surgical technics and the postoperative course. Materials and methods: the study was retrospective, based on files of patients who have had tracheotomies for ten years since 2010. Results: in 10 years, 105 tracheotomies were performed for 99 patients, average 10 to 11 per year. Patients were male in 61.9%. Extreme of age where 09 months and 80 years old. Children under15 were concerned in 41.9%, while patients from 45 to 64 years old in 33.3%. Emergency tracheotomy represented 76%. Causes were tumors in 62.8%. Laryngeal papillomatosis was the predominant tumor in children;28 cases or 26.67%. In adults, larynx cancer represented 20%. Skin incisions were horizontal in 94.3%. Tracheal opening was “H-shaped” in 92.4%. Complications occurred in 28.6%. They included granuloma (13.3%) and oeso-tracheal fistula (1.9%). Decanulation was possible in 87.6%, but it was more difficult in children. Conclusion: tracheotomy was an act of rescue in our practice.

关键词： Tracheotomy ENT Tumors Emergency

Characteristics of Ent Foreign Bodies in a Hospital at Cotonou, Benin

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第4期12卷 259-268页

作者： Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe Faridath Daouda François avakoudjo Alexis do Santos-Zounon Fatiou Bouraima Bruno Ametonou Sonia Lawson-Afouda Wassi Adjibabi Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Medical Faculty of the University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Foreign bodies (FB) can constitute a life-threatening emergency by their nature or their location. The objective of this study was to describe the socio-demographic, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of FB in the ENT department of CHUZ-Suru Léré in Cotonou. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection spanning a period of ten (10) years from January 1st, 2013 to December 31st, 2022. Patients of all ages seen in consultations in the ENT and CCF department of the CHUZ-Suru Léré during the study period and meeting the inclusion criteria were taken into account. Results: During the study period, 1810 cases of FB were collected among the 13,947 consultations, i.e. a hospital frequency of 12.98%. The age of the patients varied from 19 days to 94 years with a predominance of children under 10 years (60.2%). The sex ratio (male/female) was 1.13. The duration between the onset of FB and the medical consultation was greater than 72 hours in 88.49% of cases. The circumstances of occurrence of FB were unknown in 86.34% of cases. The external acoustic meatus was the most common location (90.22%). The nature of FB was inorganic in 86.80% of cases dominated by earwax plugs (77.90%), and organic FB in 7.96% of cases dominated by cotton (3.98%). All FB were extracted by the route of introduction except one case. The extraction was performed most often in the consultation chair (97.07% of cases). The evolution was generally favorable (99.94%). Conclusion: ENT foreign bodies are a frequent reason for consultation and mainly affect male children. They are usually inorganic. Evolution is generally favorable after extraction. Prevention remains the best solution.

关键词： Foreign Bodies ENT CHUZ-Suru-Léré

Clinical and Therapeutic Characteristics of Acute Maxillary Rhinosinusitis in a Hospital of Cotonou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第3期12卷 140-150页

作者： Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe Alexis do Santos Zounon Mystère Djenontin Agossou François avakoudjo Sonia Lawson Afouda Wassi Adjibabi Faculty of Health Sciences The University of Abomey-Calavi (R. BENIN) Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Acute maxillary rhinosinusitis (AMRS) is one of the most common ear, nose and throat infections. The aim of this study was to contribute to the improvement of the management of the condition in sub-Saharan Africa. Material and Method: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study that ran from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2021 in the ENT-HNS department of the “Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Zone de Suru-Léré” (CHUZ SL) in Cotonou, Benin. It involved all patients who consulted during the study period and in whom the diagnosis of acute maxillary rhinosinusitis was made. Results: A total of 405 cases were identified. The mean age was 34.26 ± 15.26 years with extremes of 9 and 63 years. The predominance was female with a sex ratio of 0.61. Acute maxillary rhinosinusitis was bilateral in 371 cases (91.60%). The main symptoms were facial pain in 346 cases (85.43%), mucopurulent rhinorrhea: 315 cases (77.78%), headache: 283 cases (69.88%), and nasal obstruction: 244 cases (60.25%). The most frequent physical signs were pain on pressure of the maxillary sinus points in 405 cases or 100%, purulent secretions at the middle meatus: 11.35%, hyperemia of the nasal mucosa: 53.58%, hypertrophy of the middle turbinate: 41.48% and discharge of pus on the posterior pharyngeal wall: 36.79%. Amoxicillin + clavulanic acid was the main antibiotic prescribed. Vasoconstrictors were used in 228 cases 56.30%. The evolution was favorable in all cases. Conclusion: The diagnosis of acute maxillary rhinosinusitis is clinical. Treatment with antibiotic gives good results.

关键词： Acute Maxillary Rhinosinusitis

Diffuse Cervico-Facial Cellulitis: Epidemiological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects at the Teaching Hospital CNHU HKM of Cotonou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2022年第5期11卷 266-276页

作者： Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe Nesrine Gouda Alexis Do Santos Zounon Romaric Beheton Sonia Lawson Afouda François avakoudjo Wassi Adjibabi Bernadette Vignikin Yehouessi Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (R. BENIN) Cotonou Republic of Benin

Purpose of the work: to study the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis collected within the ENT-CCF surgery department of the CNHU of Cotonou. Materials and method: the study was a descriptive retrospective carried out from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2020. It concerned new cases of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis identified during the period. Results: in 3 years, 55 cases of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis were identified out of 1101 hospitalized patients. The frequency was 4.99%. Per year, 18 cases of cervico-facial cellulitis are recorded. The mean age of the patients was 41.3 years with extremes of 15 years and 85 years. A clear male predominance was noted with a sex ratio of 1.29. Painful cervico-facial swelling was the most common reason for medical consultation (47 patients or 85.5% of cases). Thirty patients (54.5%) showed a deterioration in general condition. Several clinical forms of diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis have been described, in particular the gangrenous form, the suppurative, necrotizing form and LUDWIG’s angina. The portal of entry was dental in 50 patients (91% of cases), favored by poor oral hygiene and self-medication with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The medico-surgical treatment implemented was favorable for 47 patients (85.5%). Conclusion: Diffuse cervico-facial cellulitis remains a frequent medical-surgical emergency in the CCF ENT department at the Teaching Hospital of Cotonou. Mainly of odontogenic origin, it is encountered in different clinical forms.

关键词： Diffuse Cellulitis Cervico-Facial Odontogenic Antibiotic Therapy Incision Drainage

Noise Exposure and Otological Morbidity in Military Musicians in Cotonou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2022年第1期11卷 39-55页

作者： Alexis AWC do Santos Zounon Marius Claude Flatin Bignon Losdia Gypsy Wannou Ulrich Bidossessi Vodouhe Franç ois avakoudjo Wassi Adjibabi Bernadette Yehouessi-Vignikin Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties Faculty of Sciences and Health University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin

Introduction: Military musicians are subjected to a double risk of noise related to the use of combat weapons and then to the use of musical instruments. The objective of this study was to assess the otological damage of military music professionals in Cotonou. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study carried out from July 15 to November 15, 2019. It focused on soldiers from the Music Squadron and the first Motorized Intervention Battalion of Camp Guézo in Cotonou. Results: 110 soldiers were included. The mean age was 34.3 ± 6.2 years. The sex ratio was 17.3. The instruments used were wind (74.5%), percussion (23.6%) and string (1.8%). The average length of service in the Music Squadron was 11.5 ± 6.7 years with extremes of 1 year and 25 years. They practiced military music for an average of 4.58 hours per day for 4 days per week. The mean sonometric measurement during training ranged from 89.1 dB (A) to 116.4 dB (A). Hearing loss was predominant in the military musicians group and was mild degree bilaterally (p = 0.002) and perceptual type (p = 0.007). Conclusion: Military musicians are exposed to high noise levels, putting them at risk of developing hearing problems that may limit their performance. The main otological morbidity found was hearing loss associated with a few cases of tinnitus and headache.

关键词： Occupational Hearing Loss Otologic Morbidity Military Musicians Benin

An Unusual Cervical Penetrating Wound Extended to the Right Pleural Dome

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2022年第3期11卷 126-135页

作者： Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe Julls Celestin Apouakone Alexis Do Santos Zounon Darius Guezo Sonia Lawson Afouda François avakoudjo Wassi Adjibabi Bernadette Vignikin Yehouessi Faculty of Health Sciences The University of Abomey-Calavi (R. BENIN) Godomey The Republic of Benin

The solution of continuity of the tissues of the neck with rupture of the platysma muscle is called a cervical penetrating wound. The authors report a case of an unusual penetrating neck wound extended to the pleural dome by stabbing a psychiatric patient. They describe the diagnostic circumstances, the therapeutic approach and discuss data from the literature. It was a 26-year-old young woman, who was received in ENT for a penetrating neck wound with a stab wound following a suicide attempt. The diagnosis of a penetrating stab wound to the neck extending to the right pleural dome was retained. The exploratory cervicotomy with the extraction of the foreign body found a knife blade penetrating the anterior base of the right side of the neck to the right pleural dome, sparing the noble vasculo-nervous and aero-digestive organs of the neck. The postoperative course was simple and the evolution was favourable. This unusual penetrating wound of the neck is spectacular and remarkable for the absence of involvement of noble organs despite the involvement of the pleural dome. However, it remains a concern in psychiatric patients and requires multidisciplinary management and systemic management in order to avoid recurrence.

关键词： Knife Neck Penetrating Wound Pleural Dome Suicide Attempt

Prevalence of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Related to the Mills in the Markets of the Municipality of Parakou in 2021

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Fatiou Alabi Bouraïma Cocouvi Bruno Ametonou Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe François avakoudjo Jorelle Wafo Marius Claude Flatin Spéro H. R. Hounkpatin Wassi Adjibabi Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Noise is the second leading cause of hearing loss in adults after presbycusis. The objective of this work was to study hearing loss induced by the noise of mills in the markets of Parakou. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, conducted from February 3 to June 3, 2021 in the markets of Parakou. It concerned millers and sellers located within a 5 meter radius around the mills and among whom pure-tone audiometry was performed to detect a hearing loss. Subjects with no particular medical health history, under 55 years of age and having been working in these markets since more than 12 months, were included. Results: In this study, 103 subjects were selected, including 43 millers and 61 sellers. Their average age was 29 ± 13 years. The sex ratio was 0.49. The average length of service in the profession was 8 years with the extremes of 3 months and 47 years. They were exposed to noise on average 10 hours per day and 6 days a week. The average duration of weekly noise exposure was 23 h 28 min ± 13 h 32 min with the extremes of 5 h 00 min and 52 h 30 min. The average level of noise exposure was 90 dB with the extremes of 72 and 110 dB. 24 subjects reported symptoms related to noise such as headache, tinnitus, and hearing loss, with respective proportions of 22.33%, 20.39% and 06.80%. The prevalence of noise-related hearing loss was 26.21% (n = 27/103). Subjects with a notch at 4000 Hz and normal Average Hearing Loss (AHL) (20.39%) had a seven-time greater risk of developing noise-induced hearing loss (OR = 6.58;95% CI [2.54 - 18.8], p Conclusion: Hearing loss related to the noise of mills affected both millers and sellers near the mills in markets, hence the importance of regulating mills.

关键词： Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Mills Markets Parakou

Risk Factors for Acute Otitis Media in Children Aged 0 to 5 Years in Parakou

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2016年第2期5卷 73-78页

作者： Spero H. Raoul Hounkpatin Julien Didier Adedemy Marius C. Flatin Senami Florine E. Awassi Sonia Lawson Afouda François avakoudjo Wassi Adjbabi Sogbadji J. Vodouhè Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Faculy of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common ENT childhood diseases. Objective: To identify risk factors for AOM in children aged 0 to 5 years. Methods: This research work was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. It focused on 2040 children aged 0 to 5 years from both sexes, who were healthy or sick, and living in the Local government of Parakou for at least one year. Those children were randomly selected in all three districts of Parakou. Results: Frequency of AOM was 2.8% and their prevalence was estimated at 16.3%. The identified risk factors were persistent or chronic cases of rhinitis, exposure to charcoal and wood smoke, low socioeconomic status, personal history of AOM, AOM history among the siblings, and children’s poor nutritional status. No relationship could be established between AOM occurrence and factors like sex, passive smoking, attendance of a day-care centre or stay in nursery, prematurity, exclusive breastfeeding and large number of siblings. Conclusion: The identification of those risk factors will help put in place appropriate measures to reduce AOM prevalence in Parakou.

关键词： Acute Otitis Media Prevalence Risk Factors Children

Triaxial tension and compression tests on saturated lime-treated plastic clay upon consolidated undrained conditions

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第12期15卷 3328-3342页

作者： Kuchvichea Kan Bertrand François Department of Civil Engineering Institute of Technology of CambodiaPhnom PenhCambodia BATir Department UniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium ArGEnCo Departement Universitéde LiègeLiègeBelgium

Lime-treatment of clayey soil significantly increases its shear and tensile ***,the tensile strength of lime-treated soils deserves careful investigation because it may provide an appreciable benefit for the stability of earth *** study investigates the tensile and shear strengths of an untreated and lime-treated(3%of lime)plastic clay at different curing times(7 d,56 d and 300 d),through triaxial tension and compression *** tension tests are performed using“diabolo-shaped”soil samples with reduced central section,such that the central part of the specimen can be under axial tension while both end-sections remain in axial *** undrained(CU)conditions with measurement of pore water pressure allow analyzing the failure conditions through effective stress and total stress *** results of triaxial tension tests reveal that the failure occurs under tensile mode at low confining pressure while extensional shear failure mode is observed under higher confining ***,a classical Mohr-Coulomb shear failure criterion must be combined with a cut-off tensile strength criterion that is not affected by the confining *** comparing shear failure under compression and tension,a slight anisotropy is observed.

关键词： Tensile strength Consolidated undrained(CU)triaxial test Lime-treated soils Failure criterion