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Glycemic Control among Medical Outpatients in Enugu: A Cross Sectional Survey

Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2019年第2期9卷 50-61页

作者： obinna donatus onodugo Birinus Adikaibe Ezeala-Adikaibe Obumneme Benneth Anyim Pascaline onodugo Ijeoma Nnene Anyim Nkeiruka Chigekwu Mbadiwe Ekenechukwu Young Michael Abonyi Gideon Anigbo Ifeomai Ulas Uzoma Chukwunonso Okechukwu Department of Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Medicine Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Pediatrics University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Diabetes in Nigeria presents a rising public health challenge and many cases are probably undetected. Poor glycemic control is a risk factor to both micro and macro vascular complications of diabetes and a major factor in the burden of the disease world-wide. The aim of the present study was to determine the pattern of glycemic control among adult diabetes patients attending a medical outpatient clinic in Enugu. Methods: Using a semi-structured questionnaire, we conducted a cross sectional descriptive study of patients with diabetes attending the medical out-patient clinic of one of the tertiary Hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria. Good glycemic control was defined as fasting blood glucose of less than 100 mg/dl. Study duration was 6 months. Statistical analyses were done using SPSS software. Results: A total of 119 participants were recruited for the study: 74 (62.2%) females and 45 males (37.8%) with a mean age of 62.2 (11.7) years. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 138.4 (24.3) mmHg and 81.2 (12.9) mmHg respectively. Eight (6.7%) had a docu-mented history of diabetes-related coma in the past. The mean fasting blood glucose was 127.9 (22.4) mg/dl. Good, fair and poor glycemic control was achieved in 16.8%, 30.3% and 63% (52.9%) respectively. Correlation statistics showed that low level of adherence and abstaining from alcohol/tobacco are correlated with poor glycemic control. Conclusion: Majority (52.9%) of patients with diabetes attending a tertiary health center in Enugu, Nigeria has poor glycemic control status. Medication adherence and substance use are correlated with poor control.

关键词： Diabetes Glycemic Control Enugu Nigeria

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Prevalence and Pattern of Alcohol Use among Adults in an Urban Slum in South East Nigeria

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2019年第2期9卷 179-191页

作者： obinna donatus onodugo Birinus Adikaibe Ezeala-Adikaibe Obumneme Benneth Anyim Mark Ezeme Uchenna Nkemdilim Ijoma Ijeoma Nnenne Obumneme-Anyim Osita Ikenna Okoli Pauline Nkiruka onodugo Paul Chibuike Okoli Oluchi Stella Ekenze Department of Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Medicine Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Pediatrics University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Alcohol is one of the most commonly abused psychoactive substances in the country. Studies have shown sharp increases in alcohol consumption among Nigerians. This increase is likely to continue because of increased local production and availability of alcohol in the country. Knowledge of the prevalence and pattern of current alcohol use is important considering the public health and socio-economic effects of alcohol use. Methods: Using a semi-structured questionnaire, we estimated the prevalence of current alcohol use among adults 18 years and older living in urban slums in Enugu South East Nigeria. Current use of alcohol was defined as use of any or all alcohol beverages in the past 4 weeks. The safe limit of alcohol was defined using WHO guidelines. Study duration was 5 months. Results: A total of 1411 individuals were recruited into the study. Males were 658 (46.6%) and females were 753 (53.4%). The overall prevalence of current use of alcohol was 66.7%;males 75.7% and females 58.8% (p Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of current alcohol use among urban slums in Enugu. Public health educational measures for reducing alcohol consumption should be encouraged. Efforts should be made to educate the populace on the need for abstinence.

关键词： Alcohol Beer Stout Enugu Nigeria Urban Dwellers

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Factors Associated with Overweight and Obesity in an Urban Area of South East Nigeria

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第7期10卷 735-749页

作者： Uchenna Nkemdilim Ijoma Peter Chime Chinwe Onyekonwu Birinus Adikaibe Ezeala-Adikaibe Casmir Orjioke Obumneme Benneth Anyim obinna donatus onodugo Eddy Aneke Chidimma Brenda Nwatu Ekenechukwu Young Nkeiruka Mbadiwe Oluchi Stella Ekenze Julius Uwabunkeonye Okoye Michael Abonyi Ifeoma Isabella Ulasi Anthony Mbah Pauline Nkiruka onodugo Department of Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Medicine Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Overweight and obesity present a growing health problem among Africans from all socioeconomic status. In Sub Saharan African, obesity is not only a consequence of overnutrition but possibly from excessive consumption of unbalanced diet dominated by carbohydrates and saturated fats. Characteristics of the distribution of obesity/overweight in Nigeria include its high prevalence along with socioeconomic class and in mid-life. Methods: Using the WHO STEP-wise approach to surveillance of noncommunicable diseases, we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study of the adult population living in two urban slums in Enugu. The study was carried out in 2013. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version. Results: A total of 605 (414 women (68.4%) and 191 (31.6%) men were recruited and analysed. The mean body mass index was 25.8 kg/m2 higher in females (26.7 kg/m2) than males (24 kg/m2) p is 29.4% (178/605) and 19.5% (118/605) respectively. There also a modest prevalence of underweight 4% (24/605) among the population. All classes of obesity were significantly more prevalent in females. Significant positive correlates of BMI were: female sex (r = 0.21, p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (0.25, p < 0.001), DBP (0.27, p < 0.001), fasting blood glucose (0.19, p < 0,001) and positive history of hypertension (0.23, P < 0.001). Negative correlates were physical activity and use of tobacco (0.2 (<0.001) and -0.16 (Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity is relatively high in two urban slums in Enugu and co-exists with a modest rate of underweight. Public health and community-based approaches should be used to tackle these two-opposing social/health problems.

关键词： Obesity Overweight Hypertension Diabetes Nigeria

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Medical Morbidity Profile of Adults in a Rural Community in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria: A Cross Sectional Survey

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Health 2023年第7期15卷 711-727页

作者： Nkeiruka Chigekwu Mbadiwe Birinus Adikaibe Ezeala-Adikaibe Celestine Chibuzor Okwara Monday Umeh Nwobodo Fintan C. Ekochin Casmir Orjioke Nkiruka P. onodugo Titus Okpara Denise Paul Okoli Uzoma C. Okechukwu Mark Ezeme Obumneme B. Anyim Grace O. Eneh obinna donatus onodugo Innocent Okoye Uchenna N. Ijoma Department of Medicine Enugu State University Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Memfys Hospital for Neurosurgery Enugu Nigeria Anambra State University Teaching Hospital Awka Nigeria

Introduction: People in rural communities are exposed to the risk factors for non-communicable disease as those in urban areas. Correct interpretation and management of symptoms are important in primary care especially in rural communities where diagnostic facilities are not readily available. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in a village in Enugu South Local Government area of Enugu State. Thorough medical history was taken from all eligible participants who gave their consent. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Data from a total of 1019 (64.7%) out of 1576 participants were analysed. Fever was by far the most common presenting complaint 580 (56.9%) of all participants and 67.9% of medical complaints seen in the clinic. This was followed remotely by musculoskeletal problems and neurological problems 15.6% and 3.8% of the participants respectively. Across all age groups, febrile illness was more than non-febrile illness except in those 65 years. Generalized body pains 74 (7.3%), back pains 55 (5.1), headache 33 (3.2%) and abdominal pains 24 (2.4%) were the commonest symptoms presented by the participants. About 15 (1.5%) of the population surveyed had had trauma/surgery in the past. This was twice the number who presented to the clinic with symptoms related to injury and trauma 7 (0.7%). Conclusions: Fever and musculoskeletal pains are the dominant medical complaints presented by adults in a rural community clinic. This may be related to the season of the year and the occupation of the population studied.

关键词： Symptoms Infectious Diseases Non-Communicable Diseases Rural Community Southeast Nigeria

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尼日利亚大学生汉语学习需求调查研究——以纳姆迪·阿齐克韦大学孔子学院汉语学习者为例

尼日利亚大学生汉语学习需求调查研究——以纳姆迪·阿齐克韦大学...

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作者： donatus obinna 厦门大学

学位级别：硕士

近年来中非合作的增加激起了非洲人对中国语言文化的兴趣,从而促进了非洲大陆汉语教学的发展。多年来,尼日利亚汉语教学已经取得了许多里程碑式的成果,但是,仍然需要面对一些挑战。2008年建立的纳姆迪·阿齐克韦大学孔子学院见证了汉语... 详细信息

近年来中非合作的增加激起了非洲人对中国语言文化的兴趣,从而促进了非洲大陆汉语教学的发展。多年来,尼日利亚汉语教学已经取得了许多里程碑式的成果,但是,仍然需要面对一些挑战。2008年建立的纳姆迪·阿齐克韦大学孔子学院见证了汉语学习者数量的快速增长,但汉语教学的一些瓶颈仍然存在。本研究以需求分析理论为研究基础,通过问卷调查来分析纳姆迪·阿齐克韦大学孔子学院学生所面临的主要问题。数据是通过半结构式问卷调查和采访收集得到的,并采用Google统计分析工具用于分析已有数据。此外,该研究还分析了可能影响学生学习的其他方面,如理想的上课时间、每班期望的学生人数等。调查结果表明,学生学习汉语的动机各有不同;最重要的动机是找工作。此外调查还发现,学生对口语和听力技能的要求高于语法、阅读、写作和词汇能力。通过调查分析,本人建议学校和教师应定期对学习者进行需求分析,并根据学习者的需求来更新调整课程设置。

关键词：纳姆迪·阿齐克韦大学孔子学院需求分析汉语学习者

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Correlates of Tobacco and Marijuana Use among Urban Dwellers in Enugu, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2019年第7期9卷 80-94页

作者： onodugo obinna donatus Orjioke Casmir Obumneme Bennett Anyim Ezeala-Adikaibe Birinus Adikaibe Chime Peter onodugo Pauline Nkiruka Mbadiwe Nkeiruka Obumneme-Anyim Ijeoma Nnenne Ekochin Fintan Achor Justin Ezeala-Adikaibe Ngozi Praise Department of Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Medicine Enugu State University of Science and Technology Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Pediatrics University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Enugu Enugu Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Introduction: Tobacco and marijuana use is a public health challenge all over the world and especially in Sub Saharan Africa. The combination of low socioeconomic status and substance use can be described as a social and economic disaster for many poor families of Africa. While majority of studies concentrated on cigarette smoking, few studies in Nigeria has been conducted on non-smoke forms of tobacco. The burden of marijuana abuse is also rising in the Nigeria. Similar to cigarette smoking, cannabis use is more common among males. Knowledge of the pattern of tobacco and cannabis use in the community is important considering the public health implications. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of tobacco (cigarette smoking and snuff) and cannabis use among adults in an urban communities Enugu, southeast Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in urban slum settlements in Enugu, the capital of Enugu State, southeast Nigeria. Using a semi structured questionnaire, we collected data selected socio-demographic characteristics, including tobacco use and cannabis use in the last 30 days. The study was conducted between August and December 2013. For database management and statistical analyses, we used the SPSS version 23. Results: The total number of individuals recruited in the study was 1572;844 (52.8%) females and 728 (45.5%) males with a male to female ratio of 0.9:1. Tobacco was used by a total of 270 (17.2%) individuals within the last 4 weeks and marijuana by 23 (1.5%) of the population. Overall, 280 (17.8%) used either one or both tobacco and marijuana. While snuff was predominately used from 60 years and above, cigarette smoking peaked at 30 - 39 years and marijuana use peaked at a younger age of 20 - 29 years. Cigarette smoking positively correlated with male gender (male 1, female 0) and alcohol use (Yes 1, No 0). P Conclusion: The prevalence of cigarette smoking (5.5%), snuff (11.6%) and marijuana use (1.6%) wa

关键词： Tobacco Cigarette Snuff Alcohol Marijuana Nigeria

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