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Bureaucracy： Max Weber’s Concept and Its Application to Pakistan

International Relations and Diplomacy 2018年第4期6卷 251-262页

作者： Irfan Ahmed shaikh Arshad Islam Bashir Ahmed Jatoi University of sindh JamshoroPakistan International Islamic University Kuala LumpurMalaysia

To investigate Max Weber’s concept of bureaucracy and its relevance to Pakistan’s civil service, this study explains the system of governance followed in different nations, its function, and bureaucratic formulations in the well-managed and administered state. The paper analyzes reasons for the poor performance of Pakistani public service provision. International development doctrines pertaining to governance are based on accountable to the governments and effective bureaucracy. This study explores the formation of the Pakistani state and civil service and its role in the implementation of government policies. Irrespective of the system of governance followed across different nations, the presence, and functioning of a bureaucratic set-up is crucial to manage and administer the state. However, in Pakistan there has been an egregious failure of the bureaucratic set-up to achieve this vision. This study explores the reasons why based on Weberian sociological theory affirming that the main characteristic of bureaucracy is espirit de corps, doing things for the good of the institution （i.e., civil service） even if goes against the public interest. This study analyzes such orientation in the context of a major developing state, Pakistan. The essential principal function of bureaucracy is to honestly and sincerely implement the government policies on behalf of the people. The government provides representation of the national interest, mainly when democratically elected, while the bureaucracy provides skills and know-how; the latter is liable to the former, but often not directly to the public. Thus, bureaucrats are usually known as “civil servants”, who provide continuity in governance and daily life, despite the vagaries of changes in government. This is a qualitative research entirely based on literature survey from library data collected from books and articles.

关键词： bureaucracy Max Weber government policies democracy Pakistan

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Computer Assisted Alerts Using Mental Model Approach for Customer service Improvement

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Journal of software Engineering and Applications 2013年第5期6卷 21-25页

作者： Abid Ghaffar Mohamed Ridza Wahiddin Asadullah shaikh Department of Computer science International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Computer science International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Computer science Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Shaheed Benazirabad Pakistan

Warning alerts are specially designed to protect user rights and safety to avoid serious damage caused by overlooking the essence of warning alerts. Today’s world of Information Communication Technology (ICT) needs improvement and to review the decisions of security experts in terms of improving warning designs and dialogues, and timely inform the authorities to take quick action at the right time and choice. Human behaviour is deeply involved in most of the security failures and its poor response. If we are able to check and monitor human behaviour in any organisation, we can achieve quality assurance and provide best services to our customers. We have arranged a study in the Center of Post Graduate studies, International Islamic University, Malaysia (CPs-IIUM), department of Hajj services-Makkah, and Hospital Management system-Makkah comprised of Observation, Interviews, Questionnaire and discussion based on organizational structure and job activities of people involved in different scenarios and positions under one umbrella of organizational objectives in order to trap the human error in order to take rapid action and response from the management team. Human behaviour is deeply observed and checked while performing different job activities in order to identify the serious errors at the right time during job performance at various levels. We have applied the concept of Brahm’s Language for the simulation of human behaviour which proves an opportunity to simulate human behaviour while performing job activities. Customer service can be improved easily if necessary measures and decisions are taken at the right time and place in any organisation.

关键词： Mental Model Approach Warning Dialogues Warning Alerts Computer Alerts security and Privacy Cognitive science

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Fractional Order Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Linear Flexible Joint system

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 5133-5142页

作者： Ibrahim M.Mehedi Rachid Mansouri Ubaid M.Al-saggaf Ahmed I.M.Iskanderani Maamar Bettayeb Abdulah Jeza Aljohani Thangam Palaniswamy shaikh Abdul Latif Abdul Latif Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering(ECE) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence in Intelligent Engineering systems(CEIEs) King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia L2CsP Laboratory Mouloud Mammeri UniversityTizi OuzouAlgeria Electrical&Computer Engineering Department University of SharjahUnited Arab Emirates Department of Nuclear Engineering King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia

A linear flexible joint system using fractional order linear active disturbance rejection control is studied in this *** this control scheme,the performance against disturbances,uncertainties,and attenuation is *** active disturbance rejection control(LADRC)is mainly based on an extended state observer(EsO)technology.A fractional integral(FOI)action is combined with the LADRC technique which proposes a hybrid control scheme like *** this FOI action improves the robustness of the standard *** set-point tracking of the proposed FO-LADRC scheme is designed by Bode’s ideal transfer function(BITF)based robust closed-loop concept,an appropriate pole placement *** effectiveness of the proposed FO-LADRC scheme is illustrated through experimental results on the linear flexible joint system(LFJs).The results show the enhancement of the robustness with disturbance ***,a comparative analysis is presented with the results obtained using the integer-order LADRC and FO-LADRC scheme.

关键词： Active disturbance rejection fractional calculus ADRC pole placement linear flexible joint system robust control

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IPF患者CT定量分析与肺功能指标相关性的meta分析

IPF患者CT定量分析与肺功能指标相关性的meta分析

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作者： ZOHEB GULAB shaikh（晒克）扬州大学

学位级别：硕士

目的特发性肺纤维化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,IPF)是一种慢性、进行性的薄壁肺实质病变,其病因学不明,该病通常预后较差,患者多在确诊后的2.5到5年的时间内死亡。目前目前CT定量检测的方法的方法主要应用在单位体积内骨矿含量的... 详细信息

目的特发性肺纤维化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,IPF)是一种慢性、进行性的薄壁肺实质病变,其病因学不明,该病通常预后较差,患者多在确诊后的2.5到5年的时间内死亡。目前目前CT定量检测的方法的方法主要应用在单位体积内骨矿含量的测定,而定量CT分析与肺功能之间相关性仍缺乏大量、系统的研究。这不仅是由于目前对于定量CT用于器官检测上尚未有明确统一的定量标准,而肺功能指标较多,且受患者生理、病理影响较大。为了探索IPF患者定量CT与肺功能测定,尤其是用力肺活量和肺一氧化碳弥散功能的相关性,本文通过检索这一领域所有的文献,进行荟萃分析,并根据分析结果探讨各定量方法的准确性。方法本文在CBM、CNKI、VIP、PubMed、EMBAsE、Cochrane与万方数据库中对文献进行检索,获取所有研究IPF患者中定量CT与肺功能相关性的文献,对文献进行排除后,对纳入文献进行筛选并对文献质量进行评价。完成文献的纳入后,对文献数据进行提取,之后按照CT定量方法与PFT指标的不同分为亚组进行分析,CT定量方法分为基于图像的定量方法与基于CT指数的定量方法两种。前者根据CT图像的特征包括磨玻璃影、网织影、蜂窝状结构与肺气肿四种异常结构,其中前面三种可作为一个整体视作间质性肺疾病进行统一考察。后者根据CT指标的定量是指CT直方图的相关指数,包括MLA、偏度与峰度三个指标。本文选择了与IPF患者密切相关的反映肺通气功能的用力肺活量与反映肺弥散功能的肺一氧化碳弥散量两个肺功能指标。本文分别考察各CT定量指标与FVC和/或DLco的相关性。由于各文献研究两者相关性时仅报道了相关系数r,而不同的研究者在进行统计时可能采用spearman或Pearson相关性统计方法,为了使统计结果更为可靠,本文将Pearson相关系数统一转换为spearman相关系数,再将相关系数进行Fisher’s Z转换,再将Fisher’s Z值进行相关性研究的meta分析,分析完成得到总效应值后,再进行反Fisher’sZ转换,将Fisher’sZ值转换为相关系数r总,再对结果进行相关性的分析比较,得出meta分析的结论。此外,本文还对各研究亚组进行了敏感性与异质性分析,所有meta分析采用Cochrame推荐的软件RevMan 5.2进行数据分析。结果经过文献检索及文献筛选,本文从七个数据库中纳入了 10篇研究文献,共包括2篇中文与8篇英文文献,总共病例数1167例。这些研究于2002年至2017年完成,其中仅两篇文献在2013年前完成,剩于研究都于2013-2017四年内做出。纳入文献较为新颖。其中研究磨玻璃影与用力肺活量的文献共4篇,总计277个病例,r总及其95%置信区间为-0.23[-0.35,-0.11],结果有统计学意义,两者之间存在弱负相关性;研究磨玻璃影与肺一氧化碳弥散量的文献共5篇,总计310个病例,r总及其95%置信区间为-0.30[-0.44,-0.16],结果有统计学意义,两者之间存在弱负相关性;研究网织影与用力肺活量的文献共4篇,总计277个病例,r总及其95%置信区间为-0.43[-0.55,-0.31],结果有统计学意义,两者之间存在中等强度的负相关性;研究网织影与肺一氧化碳弥散量的文献共5篇,总计310个病例,r总及其95%置信区间为-0.37[-0.48,-0.26],结果有统计学意义,两者之间存在弱负相关性;研究蜂窝状面积与用力肺活量的文献共5篇,总计348个病例,r总及其95%置信区间为-0.33[-0.45,-0.21],结果有统计学意义,两者之间存在弱负相关性;研究蜂窝状面积与肺一氧化碳弥散量的文献共6篇,总计381个病例,r总及其95%置信区间为-0.45[-0.56,-0.34],结果有统计学意义,两者之间存在中等强度的负相关性;研究肺气肿与用力肺活量的文献共4篇,总计887个病例,r总及其95%置信区间为0.19[0.08,0.30],结果有统计学意义,两者之间存在极弱的正相关性;研究肺气肿与肺一氧化碳弥散量的文献共5篇,总计887个病例,r总及其95%置信区间为-0.11[-0.09,0.11],结果有统计学意义,两者之间不存在相关性;研究间质性肺疾病与用力肺活量的文献共2篇,总计631个病例,r 及其95%置信区间为-0.44[-0.52,-0.36],结果有统计学意义,两者之间存在中等强度的负相关性;研究间质性肺疾病与肺一氧化碳弥散量的文献共2篇,总计631个病例,r 总及其95%置信区间为-0.34[-0.41,-0.27],结果有统计学意义,两者之间存在弱负相关性;研究肺平均衰减值与用力肺活量的文献共2篇,总计190个病例,r总及其95%置信区间为-0.52[-0.60,-0.44],结果有

关键词：特发性肺纤维化定量CT 肺功能相关性分析

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Thalassemia screening by sentiment Analysis on social Media Platform Twitter

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 665-686页

作者： Wadhah Mohammed M.Aqlan Ghassan Ahmed Ali Khairan Rajab Adel Rajab Asadullah shaikh Fekry Olayah shehab Abdulhabib saeed Alzaeemi Kim Gaik Tay Mohd Adib Omar Ernest Mangantig school of Computer sciences Universiti Sains MalaysiaUSM11800PenangMalaysia College of Computer science and Information systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia86400JohorMalaysia IPPT Universiti Sains MalaysiaUSM11800PenangMalaysia

Thalassemia syndrome is a genetic blood disorder induced by the reduction of normal hemoglobin production,resulting in a drop in the size of red blood *** severe forms,it can lead to *** genetic disorder has posed a major burden on public health wherein patients with severe thalassemia need periodic therapy of iron chelation and blood transfusion for ***,controlling thalassemia is extremely important and is made by promoting screening to the general population,particularly among thalassemia *** Twitter is one of the most influential social media platforms for sharing opinions and discussing different topics like people’s health conditions and major public health *** individuals’sentiments in these tweets helps the research centers to formulate strategies to promote thalassemia screening to the *** effective Lexiconbased approach has been introduced in this study by highlighting a classifier called valence aware dictionary for sentiment reasoning(VADER).In this study applied twitter intelligence tool(TWINT),Natural Language Toolkit(NLTK),and VADER constitute the three main *** represents a gold-standard sentiment lexicon,which is basically tailored to attitudes that are communicated by using social *** contribution of this study is to introduce an effective Lexicon-based approach by highlighting a classifier calledVADERto analyze the sentiment of the general population,particularly among thalassemia carriers on the social media platform *** this study,the results showed that the proposed approach achieved 0.829,0.816,and 0.818 regarding precision,recall,together with F-score,*** tweets were crawled using the search keywords,“thalassemia screening,”thalassemia test,“and thalassemia diagnosis”.Finally,results showed that India and Pakistan ranked the highest in mentions in tweets by the public’s conversations on thalassemia screening with 181 and 164 tweets,respectively.

关键词： social media platform Twitter screening thalassemia lexicon-based VADER

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Reliability of electric vehicle charging infrastructure:A cross-lingual deep learning approach

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Communications in Transportation Research 2023年第1期3卷 81-91页

作者： Yifan Liu Azell Francis Catharina Hollauer M.Cade Lawson Omar shaikh Ashley Cotsman Khushi Bhardwaj Aline Banboukian Mimi Li Anne Web Omar Isaac Asensio school of Public Policy Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta30332USA sam Nunn school of International Affairs Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta30332USA school of Civil&Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta30332USA H.Milton stewart school of Industrial and systems Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta30332USA school of Computer science Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta30332USA school of Computer science Stanford UniversityPalo Alto94305USA school of Economics Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta30332USA Institute for Data Engineering&science(IDEas) Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta30332USA

Vehicle electrification has emerged as a global strategy to address climate change and emissions externalities from the transportation *** of charging infrastructure is needed to accelerate technology adoption;however,managers and policymakers have had limited evidence on the use of public charging stations due to poor data sharing and decentralized ownership across *** this article,we use machine learning based classifiers to reveal insights about consumer charging behavior in 72 detected languages including *** investigate 10 years of consumer reviews in East and southeast Asia from 2011 to 2021 to enable infrastructure evaluation at a larger geographic scale than previously *** find evidence that charging stations at government locations result in higher failure rates with consumers compared to charging stations at private points of *** evidence contrasts with predictions in the *** European markets,where the performance is closer to *** also find that networked stations with communication protocols provide a relatively higher quality of charging services,which favors policy support for connectivity,particularly for underserved or remote areas.

关键词： Electric vehicles Consumer behavior Charging infrastructure Public policy Machine learning Natural language processing Transformer algorithms

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Non-Isothermal Degradation and Kinetics studies of some Quinaldine Azo Dye Complexes

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2013年第9期4卷 427-431页

作者： L. M. Al-Harbi E. H. El-Mossalamy I. s. Ahmed A. Y. obaid Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Benha University Benha City Egypt Chemisty Department Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

4-(R-Phenylazo)-2-methyl quinoline derivatives form (1:1) complexes with nickel chloride, nickel acetate and copper acetate which were syntheses. The three complexes are non-electrolyte in dimethylsulfoxide (DMF). The results of electronic and magnetic measurements show that these complexes are of octahedral structures. The oxygen and nitrogen donate their lone-pair electrons to metal ion to form chelates with formula [***2O]. The relative stabilities of the complexes have been calculated from TG curve using Coats-Redfern and Ozawa methods.

关键词： Non-Isothermal Kinetic Parameters Azo Dye Derivatives Magnetic Measurements spectra studies

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聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石纳米复合物对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖活性的影响

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中国组织工程研究 2014年第43期18卷 6929-6934页

作者：李敏唐元 atik badshah shaikh 史占军王健南方医科大学南方医院关节与骨病外科广东省广州市510515

背景:研究表明聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石复合材料与自然骨结构和性能相似,具有骨传导性和良好的生物相容性。目的:观察聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石纳米复合物与成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1的生物相容性。方法:分别采用普通完全培养基(对照组)与聚乳酸/羟基磷灰... 详细信息

背景:研究表明聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石复合材料与自然骨结构和性能相似,具有骨传导性和良好的生物相容性。目的:观察聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石纳米复合物与成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1的生物相容性。方法:分别采用普通完全培养基(对照组)与聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石纳米复合物浸提液(实验组)培养第3代成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1,培养3,5,7 d,采用CCK-8法检测细胞的吸光度值;在培养第7,14天检测细胞碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素、Ⅰ型胶原、核心结合因子α1/成骨特异性转录因子表达。将聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石纳米复合物与第3代成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1共培养,培养7,14 d细胞骨架染色及扫描电镜观察细胞在支架材料上的形态。结果与结论:随着时间的延长,成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1的吸光度值明显增加,两组细胞吸光度值比较差异无显著性意义。实验组培养第7天细胞碱性磷酸酶活性高于对照组(P<0.05),培养第14天细胞碱性磷酸酶、Ⅰ型胶原、核心结合因子α1/成骨特异性转录因子表达高于对照组(P<0.05)。种植7 d后细胞在材料上贴附生长,细胞呈多角形;种植14 d后细胞较7 d前数目明显增多,且完全伸展,呈多角形和梭形。表明聚乳酸/羟基磷灰石纳米复合物对成骨细胞有良好的生物相容性,无细胞毒性。

关键词：羟基磷灰石类成骨细胞材料试验

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反相高效液相色谱法同时测定片剂中的加替沙星与盐酸氨溴索(英文)

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色谱 2008年第3期26卷 358-361页

作者： sHAHED Mirza NANDA Rabindra DEHGHAN Muhammad Hassan NAsREEN Huda FEROZ shaikh Maulana Azad Educational Trust’s Y.B.Chavan College of Pharmacy Dr.Rafiq Zakaria CampusRauza BaghAurangabad-431001Maharashtra StateIndia Maulana Azad Educational Trust’s Y.B.Chavan College of Pharmacy Dr.Rafiq Zakaria CampusRauza BaghAurangabad-431001 Maharashtra StateIndia

A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed, validated, and used for the quantitative determination of gatifloxacin (GA) and ambroxol hydrochloride (AM), from its tablet dosage form. Chromatographic separation was performed on a HiQ sil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm), with a mobile phase comprising of a mixture of 0.01 mol/L potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate buffer and acetonitrile (70∶30, v/v), and pH adjusted to 3 with orthophosphoric acid, at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, with detection at 247 nm. separation was completed in less than 10 min. As per International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines the method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of quantitation, limit of detection, and robustness. Linearity of GA was found to be in the range of 10-60 μg/mL and that for AM was found to be 5-30 μg/mL. The correlation coefficients were 0.999 6 and 0.999 3 for GA and AM respectively. The results of the tablet analysis (n=5) were found to be 99.94% with ±0.25% standard deviation (sD) and 99.98% with±0.36% sD for GA and AM respectively. Percent recovery of GA was found to be 99.92%-100.02% and that of AM was 99.86%-100.16%. The assay experiment shows that the method is free from interference of excipients. This demonstrates that the developed HPLC method is simple, linear, precise, and accurate, and can be conveniently adopted for the routine quality control analysis of the tablet.

关键词：氢氯化物高效液体色谱分析分析方法药物剂量

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simulation of Drawing Process for Aluminum-Polypropylene-Aluminum Laminate Considering Bonding Concept between All Layers

Simulation of Drawing Process for Aluminum-Polypropylene-Alu...

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International Conference on Emerging Trends in Computer and Electronics Engineering(ICETCEE’2012);International Conference on Advancements in Electrical and Power Engineering(ICAEPE’2012);International Conference on Trends in Industrial and Mechanical Engineering(ICTIME’2012);International Conference on Advances in Biological and Pharmaceutical sciences (ICABPs’2012);International Conference on Chemical,Civil and Environment engineering(ICCEE’2012);International Conference on Management,Applied and social sciences(ICMAss’2012)

作者： A.A.shaikh N.V. Popat Mechanical Engineering Department S.V. National Institute of Technology

Laminates are formed by bonding the multiple layers in appropriate sequence of orientation for its best output depending upon application. The use of metal polymer laminates has great scope in aerospace and engineering sector. The upcoming of newer material tends to assign new horizons for product development;the characteristics of such materials can be evaluated with the actual testing of such material samples. However simulation tool is very essential to predict the characteristic of such laminates. The present work is an attempt to simulate the drawing of aluminum polypropylene aluminum laminate considering the bonding between all the layers and their post processing outcomes are discussed at length using the software Hyper form.

关键词： Bonding Drawing Laminate simulation.

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