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Myelin histology:a key tool in nervous system research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第2期19卷 277-281页

作者： Óscar Darío García-García víctor Carriel Jesús Chato-Astrain Department of Histology Tissue Engineering GroupUniversity of Granada&Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADAGranadaSpain

The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich,multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve *** to the complex structure and composition of myelin,various histological techniques have been developed over the centuries to evaluate myelin under normal,pathological or experimental ***,methods to assess myelin integrity or content are key tools in both clinical diagnosis and neuroscience *** this review,we provide an updated summary of the composition and structure of the myelin sheath and discuss some histological procedures,from tissue fixation and processing techniques to the most used and practical myelin histological staining *** the lipoprotein nature of myelin,the main features and technical details of the different available methods that can be used to evaluate the lipid or protein components of myelin are described,as well as the precise ultrastructural techniques.

关键词： fluorescence microscopy histology light microscopy lipid histochemistry metallographic techniques myelin histochemistry myelin immunohistochemistry myelin structure&composition myelin ultrastructural evaluation tissue fixation&processing

Hypothalamic circuits and aging:keeping the circadian clock updated

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1919-1928页

作者： Rosa vázquez-Lizarraga Lucia Mendoza-viveros Carolina Cid-Castro Sareni Ruiz-Montoya Erick Carreño-vázquez Ricardo orozco-Solis Instituto nacional de Medicina Genómica(INMEGEN) México CityMéxico Centro de Investigacíon sobre el Envejecimiento Centro de Investigacíon y de Estudios Avanzados(CIE-CINVESTAV)México CityMéxico Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México UNAMMéxico CityMéxico

over the past century,age-related diseases,such as cancer,type-2 diabetes,obesity,and mental illness,have shown a significant increase,negatively impacting overall quality of *** on aged animal models have unveiled a progressive discoordination at multiple regulatory levels,including transcriptional,translational,and post-translational processes,resulting from cellular stress and circadian *** circadian clock emerges as a key regulator,sustaining physiological homeostasis and promoting healthy aging through timely molecular coordination of pivotal cellular processes,such as stem-cell function,cellular stress responses,and inter-tissue communication,which become disrupted during *** the crucial role of hypothalamic circuits in regulating organismal physiology,metabolic control,sleep homeostasis,and circadian rhythms,and their dependence on these processes,strategies aimed at enhancing hypothalamic and circadian function,including pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches,offer systemic benefits for healthy *** brain-directed drug administration represents a promising avenue for effectively targeting specific brain regions,like the hypothalamus,while reducing side effects associated with systemic drug delivery,thereby presenting new therapeutic possibilities for diverse age-related conditions.

关键词： aging astrocytes cellular stress responses circadian clock hypothalamus intranasal drug administration metabolic control nutrient sensor SIRT1 sleep homeostasis

Highly Defective Dark Tio_(2) Modified with Pt: Effects of Precursor nature and Preparation Method on Photocatalytic Properties

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Transactions of Tianjin University 2024年第2期30卷 198-209页

作者： E.D.Fakhrutdinova o.A.Reutova T.A.Bugrova I.Yu.ovsyuk L.S.Kibis o.A.Stonkus D.B.vasilchenko o.v.vo.yank.na v.A.Svetlychnyi national Research Tomsk State University TomskRussia 634050 Novosibirsk State University NovosibirskRussia 630090 Boreskov Institute of Catalysis NovosibirskRussia 630090 Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry NovosibirskRussia 630090

The study focused on the modification with platinum of dark defective titania obtained via pulsed laser ablation. Both the method of Pt introduction and the nature of the Pt precursor were varied. All samples exhibited similar phase compositions, specific surface areas, and Pt contents. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy coupled with pulsed Co adsorption revealed increased dispersity when photoreduction and the hydroxonitrate complex (Me _(4) N) _(2) [Pt _(2) (oH) _(2) (No _(3) ) _(8) ] were used. The sample featured a high content of single-atom species and subnano-sized Pt clusters. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that the photoreduction method facilitated the appearance of a larger number of Pt ^(2+) states, which appeared owing to the strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) eff ect of the transfer of electron density from the electron-saturated defects on the Tio _(2) surface to Pt ^(4+) . In the hydrogen evolution reaction, samples with a significant fraction of the Pt ^(2+) ionic component, capable of generating short-lived Pt^(0) single-atom sites under irradiation due to the SMSI eff ect, exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity. The 0.5Pt(C)/Tio_(2) -Ph sample exhibited the highest hydrogen yield with a quantum efficiency of 0.53, retaining its activity even after 8 h of operation.

关键词： Dark(black)Tio_(2) Pulsed laser ablation Platinum reduction method Precursor type Photocatalysis Hydrogen evolution reaction

Cluster Analysis of the Roma-BZCAT Blazars

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第5期24卷 117-139页

作者： Dmitry o.Kudryavtsev Yulia v.Sotnikova vladislav A.Stolyarov Timur v.Mufakharov valery v.vlasyuk Margarita L.Khabibullina Alexander G.Mikhailov Yulia v.Cherepkova Special Astrophysical observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences Nizhny Arkhyz 369167Russia Astrophysics Group Cavendish LaboratoryUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB3 OHEUK Kazan Federal University 18 Kremlyovskaya StKazan 420008Russia

Based on the collected multiwavelength data, namely in the radio(NvSS, FIRST, RATAN-600), IR(WISE),optical(Pan-STARRS), Uv(GALEX), and X-ray(RoSAT, Swift-XRT) ranges, we have performed a cluster analysis for the blazars of the Roma-BZCAT catalog. Using two machine learning methods, namely a combination of PCA with k-means clustering and Kohonen's self-organizing maps(SoMs), we have constructed an independent classification of the blazars(five classes) and compared the classes with the known Roma-BZCAT classification(FSRQs, BL Lacs, galaxy-dominated BL Lacs, and blazars of an uncertain type) as well as with the high synchrotron peaked(HSP) blazars from the 3HSP catalog and blazars from the TevCat catalog. The obtained groups demonstrate concordance with the BL Lac/FSRQ classification along with a continuous character of the change in the properties. The group of HSP blazars stands out against the overall distribution. We examine the characteristics of the five groups and demonstrate distinctions in their spectral energy distribution shapes. The effectiveness of the clustering technique for objective analysis of multiparametric arrays of experimental data is demonstrated.

关键词： methods data analysis-galaxies active-(galaxies:)BL Lacertae objects general

RBC aggregation,deformation and adhesion to endothelium:Role of nitric oxide derived from L-Arginine and sodium nitroprusside

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Journal of Innovative optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 53-65页

作者： M.K.Maksimov P.B.Ermolinskiy o.N.Scheglovitova N.N.Sklyankina A.v.Muravyov A.E.Lugovtsov A.v.Priezzhev Faculty of Physics M.V.Lomonosov Moscow State University bld.1subbuilding.2Leninskie goryMoscow 11991Russia N.F.Gamaleya national Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology 18 Gamaleya StreetMoscow 123098Russia K.D.Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University 108/1 Respublikanskaya StreetYaroslavl 150000Russia

Red blood cells(RBCs)are the most abundant human blood *** aggregation and deformation strongly determine blood viscosity which impacts hemorheology and *** turn,RBC properties depend on di®erent endogenous and exogenous *** such factor is nitric oxide(No),which is mainly produced by endothelial cells(EC)from L-arginine amino acid in the circulatory *** the mechanisms of the RBC-endothelium interplay are not clear up to date and considering its possible clinical importance,the aims of this study are to investigate in vitro:(1)The e®ect of L-arginine induced No on RBC aggregation and adhesion to endothelium;(2)the No e®ect on RBC aggregation and deformation induced by L-arginine and sodium nitroprusside without the presence of endothelium in the *** RBC aggregation and adhesion to a monolayer of EC were studied using optical tweezers(oT).The RBC deformability and aggregation without endothelium in the samples were studied using the°ow chamber method and Myrenne *** con¯rmed that No increases deformability and decreases aggregation of *** showed that the soluble guanylate cyclase pathway appears to be the only No signaling pathway *** the samples with the endothelium,the\bell-shaped"dependence of RBC aggregation force on L-arginine concentration was observed,which improves our knowledge about the process of No production by ***,data related to L-arginine accumulation by endothelium were obtained:Necessity of the presence of extracellular L-arginine stated by other authors was put under *** our study,No decreased the RBC-endothelium adhesion,however,the tendency appeared to be weak and was not con¯rmed in another set of *** our knowledge,this is the¯rst attempt to measure the forces of RBC adhesion to endothelium monolayer with oT.

关键词： Red blood cells aggregation L-arginine endothelium optical tweezers Myrenne flow chamber

Electrolytes additives for Zn metal anodes:regulation mechanism and current perspectives

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4162-4197页

作者： Yu-Zhe Zhang Huai-Sheng Ao Qi Dong Shao-Jie Zhang Zhi-Guo Hou na-na Wang Xue-Song Xie Jian Rong Zhong-Yu Li School of Environmental Science and Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China Hefei national Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials Australian Institute for Innovative MaterialsInnovation CampusUniversity of WollongongNorth WollongongNSW 2500Australia Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton AB T6G 1H9Canada

With distinct advantages such as high gravimetric and volumetric capacity(5855 mAh·cm^(-3)and 820mAh·g^(-1)),low redox potential(-0.762 v *** hydrogen electrode(SHE)),high abundance,low toxicity and intrinsic safety of Zn metal anode,Zn-ion batteries have become a potential alternative to Li-ion ***,several challenges still need to be addressed prior to the practical applications of Zn-ion batteries,such as dendrite growth during Zn plating/stripping and interfacial side reactions on the Zn *** issues can be addressed by introducing additives to regulate the components and structures of the *** this review,we systematically discussed the core issues of metallic Zn anodes and comprehensively summarized a novel perspective of the regulation mechanism of inhibiting dendrite growth or interfacial side reactions in Zn anodes by introducing additives into aqueous ***,some discussions and prospects for aqueous Zn ion batteries(AZIBs)are presented for future research.

关键词： Electrolyte additives Zn metal anode Regulation mechanism Current perspectives AZIBs

Detailed seismic zoning of the East Kazakhstan region in the Republic of Kazakhstan

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第2期15卷 156-165页

作者： natalya v.Silacheva N.P.Stepanenko o.K.Kurilova A.D.Kudabayeva A.T.Danabayeva Institute of Seismology Ministry of Emergency SituationsAlmaty 050060Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan is currently drafting new construction regulations that comply with the major provisions of the *** regulations are created on the basis of seismic zoning maps of various degrees of detail,developed by our Institute of Seismology using a new methodological approach for *** article is about creating the first normative map of the Detailed Seismic Zoning on a probabilistic foundation for the Republic of Kazakhstan’s East Kazakhstan *** carried out the probabilistic assessment of seismic hazard using a methodology consistent with the main provisions of Eurocode 8and updated compared with that used in developing maps of Kazakhstan’s General Seismic Zoning and seismic microzoning of *** most thorough and current data accessible for the area under consideration were combined with contemporary analytical *** have been done to not only the databases being used but also the way seismic sources were shown,including active faults *** a scale of 1:1000000,precise seismic zoning maps of the East Kazakhstan region were created for two probabilities of exceedance:10%and 2%in 50 years in terms of peak ground accelerations and macroseismic *** obtained seismic hazard distribution is generally consistent with the General Seismic Zoning of Kazakhstan’s previous ***,because active faults were included and a thoroughly revised catalog was used,there are more pronounced zones of increased danger along the fault in the western part of the *** the west of the territory,acceleration values also increased due to a more accurate consideration of seismotectonic *** maps are the basis for developing new state building regulations of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

关键词： Probabilistic seismic hazard assessment Detailed seismic zoning Peak ground acceleration Microseismical intensity

Determination of critical state line(CSL)for silty-sandy iron ore tailings subjected to low-high confining pressures

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第5期16卷 1684-1695页

作者： Nilo Cesar Consoli João vítor de Azambuja Carvalho Alexia Cindy Wagner Hugo Carlos Scheuermann Filho Inácio Carvalho Pedro Pazzoto Cacciari João Paulo de Sousa Silva Civil Engineering Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulPorto AlegreRS90035-190Brazil Exploration and Mineral Projects-Mineral Development Centre VALE S.A.Santa LuziaMG33040-900Brazil Department of Civil Geological and Mining EngineeringPolytechnique MontrealQuebecH3C 3A7Canada

The disposal of filtered tailings in high dry stacks can induce particle breakage,changing the material's behaviour during the structure's *** grading changes influence material properties at the critical state,and this is not mature for intermediate artificial soils(tailings)in a broad range of confining *** this paper,it aims to describe the behaviour of iron ore tailings in a spectrum of confining pressures broader than the reported in previous studies.A series of consolidated drained(CD)triaxial tests was carried out with confining pressures ranging from 0.075 MPa to 120 *** results show that the amount of breakage plays an essential role in the response of iron ore *** existence of curved critical state line(CSL)in both specific volume(ν)-logarithm of mean effective stress(p′)and deviatoric stress(q)-mean effective stress(p′)planes,and different responses in the deviatoric stress-axial strain-volumetric strain curves were *** inverse S-shaped equation was proposed to represent the silty-sandy tailings'behaviour up to high pressures onν-lnp′*** proposed equation provides a basis for enhancing constitutive models and considers the evolution of the grading up to severe loading *** adjustment considered three regions with different responses associated with particle breakage at different pressure levels.

关键词： Tailings Iron ore tailings dry stacking Silty-sandy material Critical state soil mechanics High confining pressures Particle breakage

Porous Shish-Kebab Structure Prepared from oriented UHMWPE Films by Processing in Supercritical Co_(2)

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第1期42卷 97-104,I0009页

作者： Sergey A.Lermontov Aleksey v.Maksimkin nataliya A.Sipyagina Tarek Dayyoub Alena N.Malkova Evgeniy A.Kolesnikov Elena A.Straumal Inna o.Gozhikova Saidkhodzha G.Nematulloev Dmitry v.Telyshev Institute of Physiologically Active Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences Chernogolovka 142432Russia Institute for Bionic Technologies and Engineering I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University(Sechenov University)Moscow 19991Russia national University of Science and Technology"MISIS"Moscow 119049 Russia Institute of Biomedical Systems National Research University of Electronic TechnologyZelenogradMoscow 124498Russia

For the first time, a highly crystalline porous shish-kebab structure with a high degree of crystallinity was obtained by using a combination of two methods for the formation of porous polymeric materials. A treatment procedure using supercritical carbon dioxide(sc Co_(2))was carried out for oriented ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) films, which provided special conditions for the crystallization of dissolved UHMWPE macromolecules on the surface of oriented UHMWPE crystals. The prepared porous materials were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). The particularity of the obtained porous shish-kebab is the absence of the amorphous phase between lamellar crystals(kebabs). The obtained pores had an oval shape, and they were oriented in the orientation direction of the UHMWPE macromolecules. The pore size ranged from 0.05 μm to 4 μm. Controlling the conditions for the crystallization of the UHMWPE macromolecules using supercritical Co_(2) gives the possibility to control the size of both lamellar disks and pores formed.

关键词： UHMWPE Supercritical Co_(2) Porous shish-kebab structure