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Smart Security Framework for Educational Institutions Using Internet of Things(IoT)

Computers, Materials & Continua 2019年第7期61卷 81-101页

作者： Afzal badshah anwar ghani Muhammad Ahsan Qureshi Shahaboddin Shamshirband Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering International Islamic UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Faculty of Computing and Information Technology University of JeddahKhulais21959Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department for Management of Science and Technology Development Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam Faculty of Information Technology Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam

Educational institutions are soft targets for the terrorist with massive and defenseless *** the recent past,numbers of such attacks have been executed around the *** research,in order to provide a secure environment to the educational institutions is a challenging *** effort is motivated by recent assaults,made at Army Public School Peshawar,following another attack at Charsada University,Khyber Pukhtun Khwa,Pakistan and also the Santa Fe High School Texas,USA *** study uses the basic technologies of edge computing,cloud computing and IoT to design a smart emergency alarm system *** is engaged in developing this world smarter,can contribute significantly to design the Smart Security Framework(SSF)for educational *** the emergency situation,all the command and control centres must be informed within seconds to halt or minimize the *** this article,the SSF is *** framework works on three *** first layer is the sensors and smart devices *** these sensors and smart devices are connected to the Emergency Control Room(ECR),which is the second layer of the proposed *** second layer uses edge computing technologies to process massive data and information *** third layer uses cloud computing techniques to transmit and process data and information to different command and control *** proposed system was tested on Cisco Packet Tracer *** result shows that this approach can play an efficient role in security alert,not only in the educational institutions but also in other organizations too.

关键词： Internet of things smart security framework massacres terrorism smart emergency alert

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Pashto Characters Recognition Using Multi-Class Enabled Support Vector Machine

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 2831-2844页

作者： Sulaiman Khan Shah Nazir Habib Ullah Khan anwar Hussain Department of Computer Science University of SwabiSwabiPakistan Department of Accounting and Information Systems College of Business and EconomicsQatar UniversityDohaQatar

During the last two decades signicant work has been reported in the eld of cursive language’s recognition especially,in the Arabic,the Urdu and the Persian *** unavailability of such work in the Pashto language is because of:the absence of a standard database and of signicant research work that ultimately acts as a big barrier for the research *** slight change in the Pashto characters’shape is an additional challenge for *** paper presents an efcient oCR system for the handwritten Pashto characters based on multi-class enabled support vector machine using manifold feature extraction *** feature extraction techniques include,tools such as zoning feature extractor,discrete cosine transform,discrete wavelet transform,and gabor lters and histogram of oriented gradients.A hybrid feature map is developed by combining the manifold feature *** research work is performed by developing a medium-sized dataset of handwritten Pashto characters that encapsulate 200 handwritten samples for each 44 characters in the Pashto *** results are generated for the proposed model based on a manifold and hybrid feature *** overall accuracy rates of 63.30%,65.13%,68.55%,68.28%,67.02%and 83%are generated based on a zoning technique,Hogs,gabor lter,DCT,DWT and hybrid feature maps *** of the proposed model is also tested by comparing its results with a convolution neural network *** convolution neural network-based model generated an accuracy rate of 81.02%smaller than the multi-class support vector *** highest accuracy rate of 83%for the multi-class SVM model based on a hybrid feature map reects the applicability of the proposed model.

关键词： Pashto multi-class support vector machine handwritten characters database zoning and histogram of oriented gradients

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Newbee: Context-Free grammar (CFg) of a New Programming Language for Novice Programmers

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 439-453页

作者： Muhammad Aasim Qureshi Muhammad Asif Saira anwar Department of Computer Science Bahria University Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Law Science and TechnologyUniversity of Bologna40126Italy Department of Multidisciplinary Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station77843USA

Learning programming and using programming languages are the essential aspects of computer science *** use programming languages to write their *** computer programs(students or practitioners written)make computers artificially intelligent and perform the tasks needed by the *** these programs,the computer may be visioned as a pointless *** the premise of writing programs is situated with specific programming languages,enormous efforts have been made to develop and create programming ***,each program-ming language is domain-specific and has its nuances,syntax and seman-tics,with specific pros and *** language-specific details,including syntax and semantics,are significant hurdles for novice ***,the instructors of introductory programming courses find these language specificities as the biggest hurdle in students learning,where more focus is on syntax than logic development and actual implementation of the *** the conceptual difficulty of programming languages and novice students’struggles with the language syntax,this paper describes the design and development of a Context-Free grammar(CFg)of a programming language for the novice,newcomers and students who do not have computer science as their *** to its syntax proximity to daily conversations,this paper hypothesizes that this language will be easy to use and understand by novice *** paper systematically designed the language by identifying themes from various existing programming languages(e.g.,C,Python).Additionally,this paper surveyed computer science experts from industry and academia,where experts self-reported their satisfaction with the newly designed *** results indicate that 93%of the experts reported satisfaction with the Newbee for novice,newcomer and non-Computer Sci-ence(CS)major students.

关键词： Programming language formal language computer language language grammar simple syntax programming language novice programmer

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Recent advancements in surface plasmon polaritons-plasmonics subwavelength structures in microwave and terahertz regimes

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Digital Communications and Networks 2018年第4期4卷 244-257页

作者： Rana Sadaf anwar Huansheng Ning Lingfeng Mao School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

This paper presents a review of recent investigational studies on exciting Surface Plasmon Polaritous (SPPs)in MicroWave (MW)and TeraHertZ (THz)regimes by using subwavelength corrugated patterns on conductive or metal *** article also describes SPP Microstrip (MS)structures at microwave and terahertz frequencies, and compares their significance with that of conventional MS Transmission Lines (TL),in order to tackle the key challenges of high gain,bandwidth size,compactness,TL losses,and signal integrity in high-end electronic de- *** they have subwavelength properties,surface plasmon polaritous are gaining attention for their improved performance and ability for miniaturization in high-speed dense *** possess comparably minuscule wavelength compared to incident light (photons).Consequently,they can demonstrate stronger spatial confinement and higher local field intensity at optical *** addition to engineering spoof SPP waveguides,which are created by engraving grooves and slits on metal surfaces to allow operation on at low frequencies (microwave and terahertz),semiconductors with smaller permittivity values and thus lower free charge carrier concentration have been demonstrated as a potential candidate in plasmonic *** necessary,further tuning of semiconductor-based SPP structures is aided by controlling the charge carrier concentration through doping,or by external stimuli such as optical illumination or thermal excitation of charge carriers from valence to conduction *** article conclusively covers previously elucidated perspectives on manipulating SSPPs in the MW and THz ranges,and emphasizes how these could steer next-generation plasmonic devices.

关键词： Surface Plasmons Subwavelength Metamaterials Plasmonics Terahertz Microwave

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Imbalanced Data Classification Using SVM based on Improved Simulated Annealing Featuring Synthetic Data generation and Reduction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第4期75卷 547-564页

作者： Hussein Ibrahim Hussein Said Amirul anwar Muhammad Imran Ahmad Department of Computer Techniques Engineering AlSafwa University CollegeKarbala56001Iraq Faculty of Electronic Engineering&Technology Universiti Malaysia PerlisArau02600PerlisMalaysia

Imbalanced data classification is one of the major problems in machine *** imbalanced dataset typically has significant differences in the number of data samples between its *** most cases,the performance of the machine learning algorithm such as Support Vector Machine(SVM)is affected when dealing with an imbalanced *** classification accuracy is mostly skewed toward the majority class and poor results are exhibited in the prediction of minority-class *** this paper,a hybrid approach combining data pre-processing technique andSVMalgorithm based on improved Simulated Annealing(SA)was ***,the data preprocessing technique which primarily aims at solving the resampling strategy of handling imbalanced datasets was *** this technique,the data were first synthetically generated to equalize the number of samples between classes and followed by a reduction step to remove redundancy and duplicated *** is the training of a balanced dataset using *** this algorithm requires an iterative process to search for the best penalty parameter during training,an improved SA algorithm was proposed for this *** this proposed improvement,a new acceptance criterion for the solution to be accepted in the SA algorithm was introduced to enhance the accuracy of the optimization *** works based on ten publicly available imbalanced datasets have demonstrated higher accuracy in the classification tasks using the proposed approach in comparison with the conventional implementation of *** at an average of 89.65%of accuracy for the binary class classification has demonstrated the good performance of the proposed works.

关键词： Imbalanced data resampling technique data reduction support vector machine simulated annealing

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Comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emission inventory for Pakistan:Part I energy and industrial processes and product use

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2020年第1期11卷 40-51页

作者： Kaleem anwar MIR Chunkyoo PARK Pallav PURoHIT Seungdo KIM Research Centre for Climate Change and Energy Department of Environmental Sciences and BiotechnologyHallym UniversityChuncheon24252Republic of Korea Ministry of Environment Government Complex-SejongSejong-si30103Republic of Korea International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis LaxenburgA-2361Austria global Change Impact Studies Centre Ministry of Climate ChangeGovernment of PakistanIslamabad44000Pakistan

In order to further improve the accuracy and reliability and reduce uncertainties in the national gHg inventories for Pakistan,this study call for using 2006 IPCC guidelines,to help to identify the national targets for gHg mitigation with respect to the nationally determined contributions(NDCs).gHg(Co2,CH4,and N20)inventories for Pakistan have been developed by conducting a detailed sectoral assessment of IPCC source sectors,energy,industrial processes and product use(IPPU),agriculture,forestry and other land use(AFoLU),and the waste ***,sector wise comparative analysis of gHg inventories(1994-2017)based on the 2006 and 1996 IPCC guidelines have also been *** indicated an average relative difference of 4%in total gHg emissions(Co2 equivalent)from energy sector between 2006 and 1996 IPCC *** 3.6%average annual growth rate based on 2006 IPCC guidelines,Co2 from energy sector remained the most abundant gHg emitted,followed by CH4 and *** the average absolute difference in emissions of CH4 and N20 from the energy sector is notable,the total estimated gHg emissions by 2006 IPCC guidelines duplicate those by 1996 IPCC *** the mineral industry with 2006 IPCC guidelines,an average annual growth rate of 6.7%is observed,contributing 64%of total IPPU sector Co2 ***,the relative difference between the two guidelines in overall IPPU sector emissions remained *** might be a need for switching to 2006 IPCC guidelines to consider more parameters such as additional source sectors and new default emission factors that fit into national circumstances.

关键词： greenhouse gas Emission inventory Energy sector Industrial processes and product use Pakistan

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Age and gender Classification Using backpropagation and bagging Algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 3045-3062页

作者： Ammar Almomani Mohammed Alweshah Waleed Alomoush Mohammad Alauthman Aseel Jabai anwar Abbass ghufran Hamad Meral Abdalla brij b.gupta Research and Innovation Department Skyline University CollegeP.O.Box 1797SharjahUAE IT-department-Al-Huson University College Al-Balqa Applied UniversityP.O.Box 50IrbidJordan Prince Abdullah ben ghazi Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Al-Balqa Applied UniversityAl-SaltJordan School of Information Technology Skyline University CollegeSharjah P.O.Box 1797United Arab Emirates Department of Information Security Faculty of Information TechnologyUniversity of PetraAmmanJordan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaizhongTaiwan Department of Computer Science King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

Voice classification is important in creating more intelligent systems that help with student exams,identifying criminals,and security *** main aim of the research is to develop a system able to predicate and classify gender,age,and ***,a newsystem calledClassifyingVoice gender,Age,and Accent(CVgAA)is *** and bagging algorithms are designed to improve voice recognition systems that incorporate sensory voice features such as rhythm-based features used to train the device to distinguish between the two gender *** has high precision compared to other algorithms used in this problem,as the adaptive backpropagation algorithm had an accuracy of 98%and the bagging algorithm had an accuracy of 98.10%in the gender identification *** has the best accuracy among all algorithms,with 55.39%accuracy in the voice common dataset and age classification and accent accuracy in a speech accent of 78.94%.

关键词： Classify voice gender accent age bagging algorithms back propagation algorithms AI classifiers

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A Review on the Advancement of Renewable Natural Fiber Hybrid Composites: Prospects, Challenges, and Industrial Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1237-1290页

作者： Mohammed Mohammed Jawad K.oleiwi Aeshah M.Mohammed anwar Ja’afar Mohamad Jawad Azlin F.osman Tijjani Adam bashir o.betar Subash C.b.gopinath Center of Excellence geopolymer&green Technology(CEgeogTech) Universiti Malaysia PerlisArau02600Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP)Arau02600Malaysia Department of Materials Engineering University of TechnologyBaghdad10070Iraq Department of Chemical Materials University of Bagdad College of Education for Pure Science Ibn-AlhaithamBaghdad10001Iraq Department of Computer Techniques Engineering Al-Rafidain University CollegeBaghdad10001Iraq Faculty of Electronics Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia PerlisKampus Uniciti Alam Sg.ChuchuhPerlis02100Malaysia Research Center(NANoCAT) University of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering Universiti Malaysia PerlisPerlis01000Malaysia Center for global Health Research Saveetha Medical College&HospitalSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)Tamil Nadu602105India

Naturalﬁbre(NFR)reinforced functional polymer composites are quickly becoming an indispensable sustainable material in the transportation industry because of their lightweight,lower cost in manufacture,and adaptability to a wide variety of ***,the major difﬁculties of using theseﬁbres are their existing poor dimensional stability and the extreme *** assessing the mechanical properties(MP)of composites,the interfacial bonding(Ib)happening between the NFR and the polymer matrix(PM)plays an incredibly signiﬁcant *** compared to NFR/syntheticﬁbre hybrid composites,hybrid composites(HC)made up of two separate NFR are less prevalent;yet,these hybrid composites also have the potential to be valuable materials in terms of environmental issues.A new dimension to theﬂexibility of composites reinforced with NFR is added by the cost-effective manufacture of hybrid composites utilising *** purpose of this study is to offer an over-view of the keyﬁndings that were presented on hybrid *** emphasis was focused on the factors that inﬂuence the performance of the naturalﬁber composites,diverse approaches to enhancing MP,physical,electri-cal,and thermal characteristics of the *** study in polymer science gains interest for applications in con-struction and automotive industries.

关键词： Renewable naturalﬁber hybrid composites sustainability nanomaterial greener material

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Analysis of the effect of passive measures on the energy consumption and zero-energy prospects of residential buildings in Pakistan

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building Simulation 2021年第4期14卷 1325-1342页

作者： Muhammad Wasim anwar Zaib Ali Abdullah Javed Emad Ud Din Muhammad Sajid School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan

Climate change can adversely impact the thermal comfort and energy efficiency of the buildings stock. The South Asian countries are particularly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change specially in the form of rising temperatures and increasing frequency of heat waves. The passive building design measures can be useful in mitigating and adapting to the climate change by increasing energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas (gHg) emissions. In this study various passive climate change adaptation measures (PCAMs) have been used individually and in form of combinations in order to analyze their impact on the energy efficacy of residential buildings in Pakistan. It has been found that the natural ventilation and front green wall are the most efficient options for reducing the overall energy consumption. by implementation of these PCAMs, cooling demand can be decreased by 27.75% while heating demand can be reduced by 35%. Secondly, the prospect of net zero-energy building and reduced Co2 emissions are also studied. It has been shown that building can achieve net-zero energy on an annual basis at every orientation and it can attain the status of nearly zero-energy building on a monthly basis. Moreover, emitted Co2 can be reduced by 31% by using the renewable energy.

关键词： building energy simulations net zero-energy passive climate adaptation measures climate change energy consumption Pakistan

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Perception beyond sight:Investigating the cognitive maps of congenitally blind individuals in urban environments

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第4期13卷 809-821页

作者： anwar Ibrahim Hikmat HAli Zainab Mahmoud College of Architecture and Design Jordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan College of Engineering and Architecture Al Yamamah UniversityRiyadhKSA

This study explores the challenges faced by congenitally blind individuals in navigating urban ***,this research investigates the factors that contribute to the construction of city mental mapping for individuals who are born ***-one congenitally blind individuals from the University of Jordan were asked to define and describe specific elements of the city based on their personal experiences and ***,participants were guided through two urban paths:familiar and *** participants were asked to complete a survey regarding their experiences during the *** collected data was analyzed by using thematic *** results revealed that congenitally blind individuals construct their mental image of the city by using their three senses of touching,hearing,and smelling,as well as their safety and *** mental image consists of five key elements:links,reference points,areas,separators,and *** the small size of the study sample and the specificity of the context,the results of this study will tremendously help planners in designing highly inclusive urban *** characteristics that can be recognized by the blinds will enhance their accessibility of urban spaces,encourage independent mobility,increase the quality of life and social inclusion for them.

关键词： Mental map City image Congenital blind Cognitive mapping Environmental perception

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