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Hepatitis B Virus Genotype H and Environmental Factors Associated to the Low Prevalence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mexico

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2013年第2期4卷 367-376页

作者： Sonia Roman nora Alma Fierro Laura E. Moreno-Luna Arturo Panduro Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara Mexico

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading health problem worldwide. Any agent causing chronic liver damage and cirrhosis is a risk factor for HCC. Genetic and environmental factors may be responsible for regional variations in the occurrence of HCC worldwide. The aim of this review was to describe the risk factors that may be contributing to low prevalence of HCC in the Mexican population. Methods: An electronic systematic search was conducted in four databases to retrieve studies on hepatocellular carcinoma inMexico. Results: Eighteen publications gave a total of 1042 HCC cases with a percentage that ranged from 0.25% to 1.87%. Cirrhosis was registered in 7 studies while the main etiologies were: HCV (66%), HBV (11%) and alcoholism (6.6%). Conclusions: In the last 50 years, the studies performed inMexicohave shown a very low incidence and/or mortality rate of HCC. These findings contrast from those reported in high endemic regions, such asAsia, where viral hepatitis and HCC are prevalent. One significant difference is the predominance of HBV genotype H in Mexico and HBV/B and C in Asia. InMexico, high endemic areas of HBV infection have been detected, mainly among the native population;however, infection seems to resolve very quickly, due to a prominent immunological response among the population. Other factors are that patients with liver cirrhosis die prematurely before that HCC can be detected. Furthermore, an environmental factor that may exert a protective effect against HCC, in spite of the high consumption of potentially aflatoxin-contaminated food products, is the neutralization of these substances by alkaline treatment. This study shows that genetic and environmental factors associated to HCC among the Mexican population are different from others reported worldwide.

关键词： HBV Genotype H HCV Alcoholism Aflatoxins Cirrhosis Nixtamalization

Which Gastric Microbiota Associated with <i>H. pylori</i>in Dyspeptic Patients with Gastritis

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第12期8卷 425-433页

作者： Rasha I. Salama nora M. Said Nelly M. Said Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

Introduction: H. pylori is the comment infection worldwide. Its relation to dyspepsia has long been investigated. However, the association between H. pylori and other microbiota in the context of dyspepsia is less understood. The aim of this study was to determine different bacterial species isolated from the stomachs of patients with H. pylori infection and dyspepsia. Methods: A total of 81 patients were included and divided into: group I (N = 50) patients complaining of chronic dyspepsia and group II (N = 31) are patients with non-dyspeptic symptoms endoscoped for reasons other than dyspepsia. All patients were endoscoped and 4 gastric biopsies were obtained from each patient. All patients were examined initially by rapid urease test then histopathology to confirm H. pylori infection and determine the degree of gastric inflammation and finally tissue cultures for H. pylori and other bacterial species using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS). Results: Regarding the demographics;patients of dyspepsia in group I were more consumers of spicy food and smoking than non-dyspeptic patients. Almost, all dyspeptic patients (98%) who had underlying gastric pathology with active gastritis and erosions were the most frequent reported pathological findings. Culture results showed significant association of Staphyloccus and Lactobacillus with dyspepsia while Streptoccous and Klebsilla were more frequent among non-dyspeptic patients. Conclusion: Dyspeptic patients in this study had different grades of gastric pathology and different species of microbiota were isolated, which seems to have concomitant interaction with H. pylori in pathogenicity of gastric mucosa and cause symptoms of chronic dyspepsia.

关键词： Dyspepsia H. pylori Microbiota Histopathology

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以眼观脑——通过瞳孔定位神经病变

健康管理 2016年第12期 72-74页

作者： nora

神经科查体中不可或缺的就是瞳孔,也许你最熟悉也最常关注的就是"瞳孔散大固定"。但其实瞳孔的变化有很多种,也有很多种意义。本文将所有的瞳孔变化做一总结,并帮助各位读者从神经解剖角度来理解它们。一、神经解剖瞳孔的大小由一堆互... 详细信息

神经科查体中不可或缺的就是瞳孔,也许你最熟悉也最常关注的就是"瞳孔散大固定"。但其实瞳孔的变化有很多种,也有很多种意义。本文将所有的瞳孔变化做一总结,并帮助各位读者从神经解剖角度来理解它们。一、神经解剖瞳孔的大小由一堆互相拮抗的肌肉决定,分别是瞳孔括约肌(缩瞳)和瞳孔开大肌(扩瞳)。括约

关键词：神经病变颈动脉夹层瞳孔定位动眼神经

Development of Alkylation Toluene with Methanol for Fuel on Modified ZSM-5 Zeolites by Amphoteric Surfactant

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2014年第1期4卷 41-46页

作者： Akila El Morsi A. M. A. Omar nora Y. Almehbad Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo Egypt Najran University Najran Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Methylation of toluene over ZSM-5 zeolites modified by the introduction of Sr of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% by weight was studied. Experiments were performed in a fixed bed under the conditions of reaction temperatures between 300°C-500°C, liquid hour space velocity of 4 g toluene/h.g catalyst, methanol to toluene ratio 4:1, and 0.01% of N-Octyl-N-benzyl-N-methylglycine as emulsifier. Data for conversion of toluene and selectivity towards xylene isomers showed that 2.5% Sr/ZSM-5 catalyst has the highest conversion of toluene at 500°C, and the lowest p-xylene selectivity, while 10% Sr/ZSM-5 catalyst has the highest selectivity for p-xylene production. Nevertheless, the catalyst 2.5% Sr/ZSM-5 has the highest selectivity for m-xylene. The two catalysts 2.5% and 5% Sr/ZSM-5 give nearly the same selectivity for the three xylene isomers at all conversions obtained at the reaction conditions under study.

关键词： Zeolite Toluene Methylation Surfactances

加纳汉语教学的困境及解决策略探究 ——以加纳大学孔子学院为例

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加纳汉语教学的困境及解决策略探究 —...

作者：马诺（nora Afriyie Mensah）浙江科技学院

学位级别：硕士

近年来,中国同其他国家的关系日益紧密,在很多非洲国家,汉语也得到了越来越多的人的认可和喜爱。孔子学院的不断建立就是很好的体现。加纳作为中国在非洲一个重要的合作伙伴,早在2008年,加纳大学就开设了汉语课程,而2013年又成立了孔子... 详细信息

近年来,中国同其他国家的关系日益紧密,在很多非洲国家,汉语也得到了越来越多的人的认可和喜爱。孔子学院的不断建立就是很好的体现。加纳作为中国在非洲一个重要的合作伙伴,早在2008年,加纳大学就开设了汉语课程,而2013年又成立了孔子学院,成为加纳最早的孔子学院,并在这里举办汉语HSK等级考试。可以说,加纳大学在中国文化与汉语在加纳的传播中发挥着重要的作用。很多孔子学院的毕业生也将中国作为留学目的地,希望在本科毕业之后到中国留学继续深造。本文对于加纳大学汉语教学现状及困境的研究有着重要的意义,希望通过本课题的研究了解目前加纳大学汉语教学中存在的问题,并针对这些问题提出系统性的建议,从而更好地促进加纳大学汉语教学水平的提升。本文主要对加纳大学在读孔子学院的学生和近两年孔子学院的毕业生展开调查,以了解该校孔子学院的课程设置、师资配备情况、硬件设置等情况。研究发现,目前加纳大学孔子学院在汉语教学方法、师资、课程设置、学生自身等方面存在的问题,并针对这些问题和困境提出相应的建议,如汉语教材编写的创新,增强汉语教学的趣味性、多样性和文化性,注重本土教师的发展等,以更好地促进加纳大学孔子学院汉语教学水平的提升。

关键词：加纳大学孔子学院汉语教学困境对策

Multiple Major Thrombo-Embolic Events, including Stroke, in a Patient with Combined Congenital Anti-Thrombin III Deficiency and MTHFR Homozygous Mutation

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2017年第3期7卷 71-78页

作者： Islam I. Zaid nora I. Abbas Ehab Shaker Foad Abd-Allah Departement of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt Departement of Critical Care Medicine Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt

We report a case of a young male patient suffering from congenital Anti-Thrombin III (AT III) deficiency, presented with four major thrombotic events. These events were acute coronary syndrome (Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction), cerebral infarction, peripheral acute upper limb (UL) ischemia and bilateral extensive deep venous thrombosis. The latter two developed despite that the patient was receiving full anticoagulation therapy. His International normalized ratio (INR) was 2.5. Eventually, the patient developed pulmonary embolism and died. He had a prominent family history of thrombotic events. Screening for AT III deficiency in young patients with thrombotic event (thrombophilia) is essential especially those having family history of the latter. This is justified as thrombotic events may occur in up to 80% of these patients. Our patient with 4 major thrombotic events ending in fatality in less than 1 month deserves the nomenclature.

关键词： Thrombophilia Thrombosis Congenital AT III Deficiency Stroke Acute Coronary Syndrome Deep Venous Thrombosis Acute Limb Ischemia

Ketamine use disorder:preclinical,clinical,and neuroimaging evidence to support proposed mechanisms of actions

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Intelligent Medicine 2022年第2期2卷 61-68页

作者： Leah Vines Diana Sotelo Allison Johnson Evan Dennis Peter Manza nora D.Volkow Gene-Jack Wang Laboratory of Neuroimaging National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismNational Institutes of Health10 Center DrRm B2L124BethesdaMarylandUnited States

Ketamine,a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)receptor antagonist,has been exclusively used as an anesthetic in medicine and has led to new insights into the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric *** studies have shown that low subanesthetic doses of ketamine produce antidepressant effects for individuals with ***,its use as a treatment for psychiatric disorders has been limited due to its reinforcing effects and high potential for diversion and *** studies have focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying ketamine’s antidepressant effects,but a precise mechanism had yet to be *** we review different hypotheses for ketamine’s mechanism of action including the direct inhibition and disinhibition of NMDA receptors,aminomethylphosphonic acid receptors(AMPAR)activation,and heightened activation of monoaminergic *** proposed mechanisms are not mutually exclusive,and their combined influence may exert the observed structural and functional neural *** term use of ketamine induces brain structural,functional impairments,and neurodevelopmental effects in both rodents and *** misuse has increased rapidly in the past 20 years and is one of the most common addictive drugs used in *** proposed mechanisms of action and supporting neuroimaging data allow for the development of tools to identify‘biotypes’of ketamine use disorder(KUD)using machine learning approaches,which could inform intervention and treatment.

关键词： Ketamine Neuroimaging N-methyl-D-aspartate Dopamine Serotonin Glutamatergic Gamma-aminobutyric acid

Energy Audit in the Meat Processing Industry—A Case Study in Hermosillo,Sonora Mexico

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第1期7卷 14-26页

作者： nora Munguia Luis Velazquez Tania Poom Bustamante Rafael Perez Johannes Winter Markus Will Bernd Delakowitz Sustainability Graduate Program Industrial Engineering Department University of Sonora Hermosillo Mexico Work Environment Department University of Massachusetts Lowell Lowell MA USA Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Gorlitz Zittau Germany

The meat processing industry, due to its high energy consumption, needs to be assessed in an energy usage basis. This paper reports the results and implications of an energy audit in a meat processing industry. In addition, this work provides a comprehensive and practical approach to energy saving measures in the assessed company to recognize factors that can determine a possible transition to sustainable patterns of electricity consumption. The paper described the application to energy auditing, developed by AFNOR (2014) for efficient energy management along with ISO 50001 (energy management systems). For a more specific energy auditing the guide described by Dall “O” (2013) was used. In this case, a study of an integrative characterization of the company’s energy consumption is made. The research has been divided in two main sections: the first includes an analysis about the characterization of the energy consumption within a meat processing company in the three sustainable approaches such as economical, societal and mainly environmental implications;second, a proposal for strategic energy management measures focusing on high consumer types of facilities. The results obtained allow the identification of main processes with significant correlations in terms of energy consumption within the company. This data has the potential for energy savings. The data acquisition process prompts the development of practical and accessible energy efficiency measures. In addition, a benchmarking analysis with several tools is performed. Altogether, this work gives guidance on the implementation of energy auditing in industries within its geographical and industrial sector limitations.

关键词： Energy Efficiency Energy Audits Energy Consumption Industrial Buildings

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让品牌成为镜子:反映并关联你的客户

新营销 2012年第1期14卷 14-16页

作者： nora Geiss Interbrand语词识别部门

人们喜欢看到自己反映在周围世界里的样子。

关键词：客户关联镜子品牌