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Effects of root morphology and anatomy on cadmium uptake and translocation in rice(Oryza sativa L.)

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 296-306页

作者： Lu Huang Wai Chin Li nora fung Yee tam Zhihong Ye School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University Department of Science and Environmental Studies The Education University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong

A clear description of the certain mechanisms of cadmium(Cd) uptake and translocation in rice(Oryza sativa L.) may help to reduce Cd accumulation in rice grain. Hydroponic experiments were carried out to determine the effects of cultivation conditions(aerated and stagnant) on the uptake, translocation and subcellular distribution of Cd in relation to the morphology and anatomy of roots in two rice genotypes with different Cd accumulations in grains. Marked differences in morphology and anatomy were observed between these two genotypes under different cultivation conditions. Genotypes with low Cd accumulation in grains tended to develop fewer root tips per root surface area, larger root porosity and more mature apoplastic barriers. The stagnant cultivation condition decreased the number of root tips per root surface area but increased root porosity and accelerated apoplastic barrier formation in root *** Cd uptake studies revealed that rice plants with fewer number of root tips per root surface area reduced root Cd uptake ability, while mature apoplastic barriers increased root Cd retention in cell walls and the symplast. Thus, the fewer number of root tips per root surface area and the earlier formation of mature apoplastic barriers led to lower Cd uptake and translocation. The results indicated that the morphology and anatomy of roots could play important roles in Cd uptake and translocation in rice, and could be influenced by both genotype and cultivation conditions. The present results would be useful in screening and planting rice plants with low Cd accumulation.

关键词： Apoplastic barriers Cadmium Rice Root morphology

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Anaerobic biodegradation of PAHs in mangrove sediment with amendment of NaHCO_3

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第4期27卷 148-156页

作者： Chun-Hua Li Yuk-Shan Wong Hong-Yuan Wang nora fung-Yee tam State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Department of Biology The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key Laboratory on Marine Pollution City University of Hong Kong

Mangrove sediment is unique in chemical and biological properties. Many of them suffer polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon（PAH） contamination. However, the study on PAH biological remediation for mangrove sediment is deficient. Enriched PAH-degrading microbial consortium and electron acceptor amendment are considered as two effective measures. Compared to other electron acceptors, the study on CO2, which is used by methanogens, is still seldom. This study investigated the effect of Na HCO3 amendment on the anaerobic biodegradation of four mixed PAHs, namely fluorene（fl）, phenanthrene（Phe）,fluoranthene（flua） and pyrene（Pyr）, with or without enriched PAH-degrading microbial consortium in mangrove sediment slurry. The trends of various parameters, including PAH concentrations, microbial population size, electron-transport system activities, electron acceptor and anaerobic gas production were monitored. The results revealed that the inoculation of enriched PAH-degrading consortium had a significant effect with half lives shortened by 7–13 days for 3-ring PAHs and 11–24 days for 4-ring PAHs. While Na HCO3 amendment did not have a significant effect on the biodegradation of PAHs and other parameters, except that CO2 gas in the headspace of experimental flasks was *** of the possible reasons is that mangrove sediment contains high concentrations of other electron acceptors which are easier to be utilized by anaerobic bacteria, the other one is that the anaerobes in mangrove sediment can produce enough CO2 gas even without adding Na HCO3.

关键词： Anaerobic biodegradation Electron acceptor amendment Mangrove sediment Na HCO3amendment Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

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Metal removal studied by a laboratory scale immobilized microalgal reactor

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1998年第4期10卷 91-95页

作者： Arthur Lau Yuk Shan Wong Zhang Tong nora f.Y.tam Research Center/Biology Department Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClearwater RoadKowloonH.K. CEDRC Beijing 100028China Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong KongKowloonH.K.

A laboratory scale algal column reactor packed with 75 ml alginate algal beads was used to treat 30 mg/L Cu and Ni with a HRT of 30 minutes. At the end of loading 4L metal solution, over 97% of Cu and 91% of Ni were removed from the wastewater with a final residual of 1.76 mg/L Cu and 8.8 mg/L Ni. Up flow was preferred to down flow in maintaining a constant flow rate and hence HRT. Amount of metal recovered during regeneration depended on concentration and nature of regenerant used. Dilute acid was a better regenerant than calcium in terms of metal recovered (90%) and volume needed for regeneration. The consistency in the metal removal performance by the algal column over 10 metal treatment and regeneration cycles suggested that the algal beads can treat Cu or Ni bearing wastewater over 400 times its own volume.

关键词： immobilized microalgal reactor industrial wastewater treatment metal.

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Characterizing the optimal operation of photocatalytic degradation of BDE-209 by nano-sized TiO_2

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第9期24卷 1670-1678页

作者： Ka Lai Chow Yu Bon Man Jin Shu Zheng Yan Liang nora fung Yee tam Ming Hung Wong Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences and Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong SAR China Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China

Brominated flame retardants have been widely used in industry. There is a rapid growing public concern for their availabilities in the environment. Advanced oxidation process （AOP） is a promising and efficient technology which may be used to remove emerging chemicals such as brominated flame retardants. This study aims at investigating optimal operational conditions for the removal of BDE-209 using nano-scaled titanium（IV） oxide. The residual PBDE congeners after photocatalytical degradation of BDE-209 by TiO2 were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. It was found that the degradability of BDE-209 by TiO2 was attributed to its photocatalytic activity but not the small size of the particles. The half-life of removing BDE-209 by TiO2 was 3.05 days under visible light. Tetra- and penta-BDEs were the major degraded products of BDE-209. Optimum conditions for photocatalytical degradation of BDE-209 was found to be at pH 12 （93% ± 1%）, 5, 10, 20 mg/L （93.0% ± 1.70%, 91.6% ± 3.21%, 91.9% ± 0.952%, respectively）, respectively of humic acid and in the form of anatase/rutile TiO2 （82% ± 3%）. Hence, the efficiency of removing BDE-209 can be maximized while being cost effective at the said operating conditions.

关键词： PBDEs TiO2 photocatalysis hydroxyl radicals

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Comparison of photosynthetic and physiological characteristics between introduced and indigenous mangrove species in China

Comparison of photosynthetic and physiological characteristi...

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第四届中国红树林学术会议

作者： nora f.Y. tam futian-City University Mangrove R&D Center

Due to its rapid growth, the introduced mangrove species Sonneratia apetala from Bangladesh has been widely used in mangrove restoration in southeastern China since 1985. As an indigenous mangrove species in Hainan, China, Sonneratia caseolaris was also planted in Guangdong Province for afforestation purposes. Both species have developed well in their new habitats, but their gas exchange and ecophysiological differences with the native mangrove species are not clear. In this study, leaf gas exchange, water and nitrogen use efficiencies of two Sonneratia species were compared with those of selected native mangrove species (Avicennia marina, Aegiceras corniculatum, Kandelia candel, and Excoecaria agallocha) in Hainan and Shenzhen. The introduced S. apetala maintained lower carbon assimilation rate (A) and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) than the indigenous S. caseolaris. In Shenzhen, the two introduced Sonneratia had comparable photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency (WUE) with the native mangrove species, except that PNUE in S. caseolaris was significantly higher than in the native mangrove species. The two Sonneratia species showed significant overlap in PNUE and long-term WUE (δ13C value). Photosynthetic parameters derived from leaf photosynthetic light-response curves and A-Ci curves also suggested lower carbon assimilation capacities for the introduced Sonneratia than for the native mangrove species in both study sites. The lower light compensation point (LCP) of two introduced Sonneratia in both study sites also indicated a better adaptation to a low light regime than the native mangrove species. The results of photosynthetic capacities indicated that the introduced mangrove species have little competitive advantage over local native mangrove species in their respective new habitats.

关键词： mangroves Sonneratia leaf gas exchange δ13C value alien species

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Inhibition of autophagy rescues HT22 hippocampal neurons from erastin-induced ferroptosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1548-1552页

作者： nora Hanke Abdelhaq Rami Institut für Experimentelle Neurobiologie(Anatomie Ⅱ) Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang von Goethe-UniversitätTheodor-Stern-Kai 760590 Frankfurt/MainGermany

ferroptosis is a regulated form of cell death which is considered an oxidative iron-dependent *** lipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 prevents the iron(fe2+)-dependent formation of toxic lipid reactive oxygen *** emerging evidence indicates that inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 as a hallmark of ferroptosis in many cancer cell lines,the involvement of this biochemical pathway in neuronal death remains largely ***,we investigate,first whether the ferroptosis key players are involved in the neuronal cell death induced by *** second objective was to examine whether there is a cross talk between ferroptosis and *** third main was to address neuron response to erastin,with a special focus on ferritin and nuclear receptor coactivator 4-mediated *** test this in neurons,erastin(0.5-8μM)was applied to hippocampal HT22 neurons for 16 *** addition,cells were cultured with the autophagy inhibitor,3-methyladenin(10 mM)and/or ferroptosis inhibitors,ferrostatin 1(10-20μM)or deferoxamine(10-200μM)before exposure to *** this study,we demonstrated by immunofluorescence and western blot analysis,that erastin downregulates dramatically the expression of glutathione peroxidase 4,the sodium-independent cystine-glutamate antiporter and nuclear receptor coactivator *** protein levels of ferritin and mitochondrial ferritin in HT22 hippocampal neurons did not remarkably change following erastin *** addition,we demonstrated that not only the ferroptosis inhibitor,ferrostatin1/deferoxamine abrogated the ferroptotic cell death induced by erastin in hippocampal HT22 neurons,but also the potent autophagy inhibitor,*** conclude that(1)erastin-induced ferroptosis in hippocampal HT22 neurons,despite reduced nuclear receptor coactivator 4 levels,(2)that either nuclear receptor coactivator 4-mediated ferritinophagy does not occur or is of secondary importance in this model,(3)that ferroptos

关键词： erastin ferritin ferritinophagy ferroptosis glutathione peroxidase 4 HT22 neurons nuclear receptor coactivator 4

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Toxicity and removal of phenanthrene,fluoranthene and pyrene by two Navicula species,***（a commercial species） and ***（a local isolate）

Toxicity and removal of phenanthrene,fluoranthene and pyrene...

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中国藻类学会第八次会员大会暨第十六次学术讨论会

作者： nora fung-yee tam Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong SARChina

＜正＞The present study showed that the tolerance of two Navicula diatoms,a local isolate {Navicula sp.) and a commercial species {Navicula incerta),to three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）,phenanthrene（PHE）,fluoranthene（fLU） and pyrene（PYR）, was PAH- and *** and PYR exhibited comparable median effect concentration（EC50） values（7.39-9.30 mg/L） but were remarkably higher than fLU （0.41-5.16 mg/L）,suggesting that fLU was more toxic to Navicula *** local isolate was more sensitive to fLU toxicity than the commercial species and the EC50 of the local isolate was very low（0.41 mg/L）.Both species were capable to remove PAHs, the efficiency was also PAH-dependent and followed the declining order of PHE＞fLU＞*** the end of 7-days treatment,the biodegradation percentages of PHE,fLU and PYR（calculated based on the difference between the amount of PAH added and the summation of the amount remained in medium,accumulated in cells and abiotic loss） by *** were 65.9%,57.0%and 34.7%,respectively,while their respective values by the local isolate were 74.9%,57.7%and 26.1%.These results indicated that PYR was not only the most difficult PAH to be removed but was also most resistant to biodegradation by these two diatom species than the other two *** removal and biodegradation percentages were affected by the initial concentration of PAHs in the *** fLU and PYR remained in the medium,as well as accumulated in cells,at 5.0 mg/L treatment than at the two lower levels,0.5 and 1.0 mg/L,while the biodegradation percentages of all three PAHs at 5.0 mg/L treatment were also *** only PAH-dependent,the PAH tolerance and removal were also *** local isolate did not exhibit a higher tolerance to PAHs and it did not achieve better removal and biodegradation than the commercial species.

关键词： Biodegradation diatom EC50 microalgae Navicula Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)

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Mangroves and Pollution Control

Mangroves and Pollution Control

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第四届中国红树林学术会议

作者： nora f.Y. tam Y.S. Wong Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong PRC. Vice-President and Department of Biology Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay Kowloon Hong Kong PRC.

Due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, marine pollution becomes more and more serious in recent decades. Excess nutrients in coastal water cause eutrophication and red tide problems;while toxic chemicals pose harmful effects to our environments and human health. Mangroves, located between land and sea, have long been used as convenient waste dumping sites and inadvertently received untreated wastewater from various sources. The special properties of mangroves, such as high primary productivity and large nutrient demand, rapid litter decomposition and nutrient cycling, active and diverse microorganisms associated with sediments and roots suggest that mangroves have self-purification ability. Many people actually claimed that mangroves could be used to purify pollutants from wastewater and remedy contaminated sediment;however, systematic and scientific research on these areas is still rare. In the past ten years, according to a "quick search" using "Science Direct" , almost 1,000 SCI papers were published in "mangroves", but only 21 were on ’mangrove and sewage", and less than 10 were on "mangrove and bioremediation". It is clear that more research is needed to understand the significance of mangrove ecosystems as pollution control measures. The use of constructed wetland as wastewater treatment facility has attracted more and more attention in the past three decades, especially in North America, Europe and recently in Asia. Thousands of constructed wetland treatment systems of various sizes and capacities have been built. Plants such as common reeds, cattails, bulrush, etc. have been used. However, these plants require frequent harvesting which may make affect the consistency of the treatment efficiency. Disposal of plant materials is another operation problem. Mangroves, perennial woody plants, do not require any harvesting, their high productivity and nutrient demand, and their salinity tolerance actually make them good alternatives. The presentation will

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An insight into aggregation kinetics of polystyrene nanoplastics interaction with metal cations

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第12期33卷 5213-5217页

作者： Yucheng Zhang Xiaotong Su nora f.tam Xiaolan Lao Meiling Zhong Qihang Wu Huifang Lei Zihui Chen Zhang Li Jie fu Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl Stream Delta Ministry of EducationSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution and Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Science and Technology Open University of Hong KongHong KongChina School of Environmental Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

Once inevitably released into the aquatic environment,polystyrene nanoplastics(PS-NPs)will present complicated environmental behaviors,of which the aggregation is a key process determining their environmental fate and *** this study,the aggregation kinetics of different sizes(30 nm and 100 nm)of PS-NPs with metal cations(Na^(+),K^(+),Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+)and Pb^(2+))at different solution pH(3,6 and 8)were *** results showed that the aggregation of PS-NPs increased with cation *** Pb^(2+)as an example,the adsorption behavior of cations onto PS-NPs was determined by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and energy dispersive X-ray(EDX)spectroscopy,which demonstrated Pb^(2+)could be adhered onto the surface of PS-NPs with the effect of charge *** critical coagulation concentrations(CCC)of smaller PS-NPs were higher than that of larger PS-NPs for monovalent cations,whereas a different pattern is observed for divalent *** was suggested that there were other factors that DLVO theory does not consider affect the stability of NPs with different particle *** addition,it should be noted that PS-NPs had the capacity of adsorbing large amounts of heavy metal cations and carried them transport to a long distance,and the corresponding ecological risks need to further elucidate.

关键词： Polystyrene nanoplastics Lead cation Aggregation kinetics Critical coagulation concentration Size effect

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MANGROVE ECOLOGY AND ECONOMY:STATUS Of RESEARCH AND CONSERVATION IN CHINA

MANGROVE ECOLOGY AND ECONOMY:STATUS OF RESEARCH AND CONSERVA...

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第三世界生态高峰会

作者： tam nora. Wong Yuk-shan Center for Plant Ecology and Biodiversity Conservation.Institute of Botany.Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiangshan Beijing China School of Biological Sciences.Xiamen University.Xiamen.fujian.China. Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon Hong Kong. Guangxi Mangrove Research Center Beihai.Guangxi China. Office of the Vice President for Administration and Business.Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay Kowloon.Hong Kong.

In this paper,we discussed the ecology and economy of mangrove ecosystems in southeastern China where mangroves have been coexisting with people for several thousand *** occur naturally in southeastern China,mainly in Hainan,Guangxi, Guangdong,Hong Kong,and *** are 36 species of mangrove species in China,acconnting for 43% of the total number of species found in the *** China,mangroves are often used by local people as wood,food,medicine and aquaculture farms,in addition to their functions in protecting coastal lines,proving feeding grounds for many marine organisms and serving as natural filters for landward *** last few decades,the population boom and rapid economic development have greatly reduced mangrove areas. Research during last 30 years have not only improved our understanding of mangrove ecology but also educated publics and governmental officers about the importance of mangrove ecosystems. Since 1980s,great efforts have been made in China to protect mangrove forests and their ecological *** has already established mangrove ecosystems as high priority areas for improved environmental and living resource ***'s Biodiversity Conservation Action Plan issued in 1995 included its“Action Plan for Marine Biodiversity Protection in China”and called for increasing the area for mangrove conservation.“Marine Environmental Protection Law”promulgated in 1982 and revised in 1999 has granted mangrove protection of highest *** far,total of 11 natural mangrove conservation areas have been established,which occupy more than 20000 ha coastal *** recent years,replanting of mangroves by government authorities has taken place in areas where natural mangroves were destroyed but introducing fast-growing species from other countries may cause other ecological consequences. Multi-disciplinary research and more systematic protection strategies are urgently needed.

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