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Role of toll like-receptor 2 in inflammatory activity of macrophage infected with a recombinant BCG expressing the C-terminus of merozoite surface protein-1 of Plasmodium falciparum

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2018年第7期8卷 333-339页

作者： nor munirah zakaria Rapeah Suppian norazmi Mohd nor nor Fazila Che Mat School of Health Sciences Health Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia

Objective: To investigate the role of toll-like receptor 2(TLR2) in inflammatory activity of macrophage infected with the recombinant Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin(rBCG). Methods: Mouse macrophage cell line J774 A.1 was infected with Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG) and rBCG cultures for 48 h in the presence or absence of 10 μg/mL of TLR2 inhibitor. Untreated macrophages were used as a negative control while lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages were used as a positive control. The ability of the macrophage to engulf the BCG and rBCG in the absence or presence of TLR2 inhibitor was assessed using a phagocytic assay, while the production of inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide by the infected macrophages was evaluated using ELISA and Griess reagent method, while the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase was determined using Western blot analysis. Results: The results showed that blocking TLR2 function reduced the phagocytic activity, nitric oxide production and proinflammatory cytokine secretion such as TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-12 p40 as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in the infected macrophages. These data showed the importance of TLR2 in the activation of macrophages following BCG and r BCG infections. Conclusions: Through exploring the immunological mechanism which underlies the protection conferred by the candidate vaccine, this study will improve our understanding of the vaccine candidate's mechanism to protect the host from malaria infection.

关键词： Macrophages Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin Plasmodium falciparum Proinflammatory cytokine Toll-like receptor 2

Effects of dietary astaxanthin enrichment on enhancing the colour and growth of red tilapia,Oreochromis sp.

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第1期9卷 52-56页

作者： Zuharlida Tuan Harith Suniza Mohd Sukri nor Fatin Syuhada Remlee Fatin Nursabriena Mohd Sabir Nik Nur Azwanida zakaria Faculty of Agro Based Industry Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Jeli CampusJeliKelantan17600Malaysia

The aim of this research was to examine the effects of dietary inclusion of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis in commercial fish feed on the colour and growth of red tilapia,Oreochromis sp..A 6-week feeding trial was conducted at concentration of astaxanthin at 0%(T1),4%(T2),8%(T3)and 12%(T4)in feed formulation to examine the growth performance,colour pigmentation on skin,texture analysis and carotenoid *** showed an increment of certain growth parameter in fish fed with astaxanthin enriched *** in weight gain(WG),protein efficiency ratio(PER)was obtained in fish fed with astaxanthin enriched compared with *** treatments with astaxanthin-enriched provided higher redness(a*)to skin than negative control that directly influence the colour of the *** can be concluded that inclusion of astaxanthin from green algae into commercial fish feed can be used as an alternative natural carotenoid source in Oreochromis *** to ensure good pigmentation,hence improving the skin colour for more appealing and subsequently increase the market value of the fish.

关键词： Oreochromis sp. Astaxanthin Haematococcus pluvialis

Forensic profiling of non-volatile organic compounds in soil using ultra-performance liquid chromatography:a pilot study

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 761-773页

作者： Loong Chuen Lee Ab Aziz Ishak Ameeta A/P Nai Eyan Anas Fahmi zakaria Nurul Syahiera Kharudin nor Azman Mohd Noor Program of Forensic Sciences Centre for DiagnosticTherapeutic&Investigative StudiesFaculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiMalaysia Institute of IR4.0 Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaBangiMalaysia Makmal Forensik Polis DiRaja Malaysia(PDRM) CherasMalaysia

Soil is of particular interest to the forensic community because it can be used as valuable associative evidence to link a suspect to a victim or a crime *** chromatography is a powerful analytical tool for organic compound ***,high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)has proven to be an efficient method for forensic soil analysis,especially in discriminating soils from proximity ***,ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC),which is much more sensitive than HPLC,has never been explored in this *** study proposed a UPLC method for profiling non-volatile organic compounds in three Malaysian soils(red,brown and yellowish-brown soils).The three soils were analysed separately to assess the effects of individual chromatographic parameters:(a)elution programme(isocratic *** gradient programmes);(b)flow rate(0.1 vs.0.2 mL/min);(c)extraction solvent(acetonitrile ***)and(d)detection wavelength(230 vs.254 nm).The injection volume and total run time were set to 5μL and 35 min,***,each soil sample gave 24 different *** showed that the most desirable chromatographic parameters were(a)isocratic elution;(b)flow rate at 0.2 mL/min and(c)acetonitrile extraction *** proposed UPLC system is expected to be a feasible method for profiling non-volatile organic compounds in soil,and is more chemical-efficient than a comparable HPLC system.

关键词： Forensic sciences soil non-volatile organic compound liquid chromatography

海岸线识别偏差:马来西亚登嘉楼州吉隆坡地区中等潮汐海滩的理论值和测量值

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Journal of Marine Science and Application 2022年第3期21卷 184-192页

作者： Faerah Nasir Adina Roslee Junainah zakaria Effi Helmy Ariffin nor Aieni Mokhtar Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Institute of Oceanography and Environment Universiti Malaysia Terengganu21030Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia

Shoreline change analysis frequently begins with feature identification through visual interpretation(proxy-based shoreline)or the intersection of a specific tidal zone(datum-based shoreline).Using proxy-based shoreline information,this study quantifies the distance between proxy-based and datum-based shoreline data,which is defined as the proxydatum *** study was conducted at meso-tidal beaches in Kuala Nerus,Terengganu,Malaysia,with morphodynamic responses to northeast and southwest *** high-water line(HWL)shoreline(proxy-based)was determined using ortho-rectified aerial images captured by an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV).By contrast,the mean high-water(MHW)shoreline(datum-based)was determined using measured beach profiles adjusted with the Peninsular Malaysia Geodetic Vertical Datum(DTGSM).The theoretical proxy-datum bias was approximated using the best estimate(median)for the beach slope,wave height,and wave period from the estimated total water level(TWL)*** on the study,the recorded horizontal proxy-datum bias for the research area was up to 32 *** study also discovered that the theoretical assumption of the proxy-datum bias based on the TWL model yields values comparable to those of the measurements,with a narrower distinction in bias for steeper beach slopes than the obtained *** determined proxydatum bias value can benefit future shoreline change studies as it could be incorporated to either proxy-based shorelines by shifting the shoreline seaward or to datum-based shorelines by shifting the shoreline landward in order of the bias *** seasonal monsoon’s effect on beach profiles should be considered when calculating bias values and conducting potential shoreline change rate studies.

关键词： Shoreline evolution Datum Beach profile Unmanned aerial vehicle Monsoon

Piper sarmentosum as an antioxidant on oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells induced by hydrogen peroxide

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2010年第5期11卷 357-365页

作者： Abdul Hamid HAFIZAH zakaria ZAITON Amom ZULKHAIRI Adenan MOHD ILHAM Megat Mohd nordin nor ANITA Abdullah Mahdy ZALEHA Department of Physiology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical CentreJalan Raja Muda Aziz50300 Kuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Human Anatomy Division of PhysiologyFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra Malaysia Forest Research Institute of Malaysia Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre

Endothelial cell death due to increased reactive oxygen species(ROS) may contribute to the initial endothelial injury,which promotes atherosclerotic lesion *** sarmentosum(PS),a natural product,has been shown to have an antioxidant property,which is hypothesized to inhibit production of ROS and prevent cell ***,the present study was designed to determine the effects of PS on the hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)-induced oxidative cell damage in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).In this experiment,HUVECs were obtained by collagenase perfusion of the large vein in the umbilical cord and cultured in medium M200 supplemented with low serum growth supplementation(LSGS).HUVECs were treated with various concentrations of H2O2(0-1000 μmol/L) and it was observed that 180 μmol/L H2O2 reduced cell viability by 50% as denoted by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT) *** the above concentration as the positive control,the H2O2-induced HUVECs were concomitantly treated with various concentrations(100,150,250 and 300 μg/ml) of three different extracts(aqueous,methanol and hexane) of ***(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidase(GPX) levels showed a significant increase(P<0.05) in HUVECs compared to the negative ***,PS extracts showed a protective effect on HUVECs from H2O2-induced cell apoptosis with a significant reduction in MDA,SOD,CAT and GPX levels(P<0.05).Furthermore,PS had exhibited ferric reducing antioxidant power with its high phenolic ***,it was concluded that PS plays a beneficial role in reducing oxidative stress in H2O2-induced HUVECs.

关键词： Piper sarmentosum Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) Malondialdehyde Oxidative stress Antioxidant enzymes

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Smartphone Addiction among Adolescents–A Nationwide Study in Malaysia

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International Journal of Mental Health Promotion 2023年第2期25卷 237-247页

作者： Kai Wei Lee Siew Mooi Ching norsiah Ali Chor Yau Ooi Shahnul Kamal Hj Sidek Azlin Amat Yusnita Yatim Zaiton Yahaya Nabihah Shamsuddin Idora Ibrahim Fauzia Abdul Majid Fazlin Suhana Othman Nik Suhaila zakaria Artini Abidin nor Hazlin Talib Dhashani Sivaratnam Department of Pre-Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanKajangSelangor43000Malaysia Department of Family Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Masjid Tanah Ministry of Health MalaysiaMasjid Tanah78300Malaysia Department of Family Medicine Universiti Malaysia SarawakKota Samarahan94300Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Tanjung Malim Ministry of Health MalaysiaTanjung Malim35900Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Hiliran Ministry of Health MalaysiaKuala Terengganu20300Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Bandar Pekan Ministry of Health MalaysiaPekan26600Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Sandakan Ministry of Health MalaysiaSandakan90000Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Serting Hilir Ministry of Health MalaysiaBandar Seri Jempol72120Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Kuala Perlis Ministry of Health MalaysiaKuala Perlis02000Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Kempas Ministry of Health MalaysiaJohor Bahru81200Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Kuala Kedah Ministry of Health MalaysiaKuala Kedah06600Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Bandar Gua Musang Ministry of Health MalaysiaGua Musang18300Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Kepala Batas Ministry of Health MalaysiaKepala Batas13200Malaysia Klinik Kesihatan Kajang Ministry of Health MalaysiaKajang43000Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

Smartphone ownership among adolescents is getting common in this decade especially in Malaysia;Adolescent are strongly devoted to their smartphone and this may lead to smartphone *** have reported that smartphone addiction has become an emerging social and health problem especially among the youth in many countries however there is lack of study among adolescents in *** study aimed to examine the prevalence and factors associated with smartphone addiction among adolescents in *** was a cross-sectional study involving adolescents from 15 primary care clinics throughout the *** were assessed on their smartphone activities using the Malaysian short version of the Smartphone addiction scale(SAS-M-SV).Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of smartphone addiction among *** study was conducted among 921 adolescents with 49.6%male(n=457).The mean age of adolescents was 16.4±2.4 *** ethnicity distribution were 74.6%Malay,7.3%Chinese,4.7%Indian and 13.4%other *** prevalence of smartphone addiction was 37.1%(342/921);37.4%in male and 36.9%in *** on multiple logistic regression analysis,longer duration of smartphone use per week was associated with higher odds of smartphone addiction among adolescent(odd ratio=1.005%,95%confidence interval=1.000–1.009,p-value=0.039).Smartphone addiction is present in nearly four in ten adolescents in *** who spend longer duration in smartphone usage per week were associated with higher odds of having smartphone *** should be more alert and vigilant about this ***,parents should limit their children from spending too much of time with smartphone in order to prevent their children from getting smartphone addiction.

关键词： Addiction smartphone adolescents Malaysia internet

Gross Pollutants Study in Urban Areas under Tropical Climates

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2014年第1期8卷 107-114页

作者： Lariyah Mohd Sidek Hidayah Basri Mohamed Roseli Zainal Abidin Lira Chow Hock Md Nasir Md nor nor Azazi zakaria Centre for Sustainable Technology and Environment (CSTEN) College of Engineering Universiti Tenaga Nasional Kajang43000 Malaysia Drainage and Irrigation Department Humid Tropics Centre Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur 50480 Malaysia Drainage and lrrigation Department River Basin & Coastal Zone Management Kuala Lumpur 50626 Malaysia River Engineering and Urban Drainage Centre (REDAC) Universiti Sains Malaysia Nibong Tebal 14300 Malaysia

Gross pollutants are the primary targeted pollutants in urban catchment management for urban water quality improvement as well as mitigation of flood. Apart from aesthetically unattractive because of its visibility, gross pollutants also contributes to degradation of river water quality and loss of aquatic habitat as it carries harmful pollutants such as oxygen demanding material, hydrocarbons and heavy metals. This study analyzed trend of gross pollutant generated from two urban residential areas located in Selangor, Malaysia. The median value of gross pollutant load obtained from the Amanah Apartment and Bandar Botanic are 347.41 kg/ha/year and 32.46 kg/ha/year, respectively. Relationship between gross pollutant wet load with rainfall depths was derived using regression equation. A significant trend of increasing gross pollutant wet load into drainage system with increasing rainfall depth was observed. The behavior of pollutant load is related to the one observed in Australia.

关键词：有害污染物总值热带气候城镇城市供水污染负荷集水区管理碳氢化合物

Assessing the Relationship of Corporate Integrity Practices With Accountability of Malaysian Statutory Bodies

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2022年第1期18卷 1-14页

作者： Nurhidayah Yahya Jamaliah Said nor Balkish zakaria Kazi Musa Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah AlamMalaysia

Accountability is seen as an organisational performance across private and public sector,including statutory ***,does accountability prove instilled in part of integrity practices,especially in less mentioned sector-statutory bodies?This study aims to evaluate the relationship of corporate integrity practices on accountability of Malaysian statutory bodies through questionnaire survey *** on 194 responses received from top management of Malaysian statutory bodies,it is proven that corporate integrity practices have a positive and significant relationship with ***,statutory bodies are recommended to exercise and implement corporate integrity practices by setting up integrity department and appointing corporate integrity ***,by upholding corporate integrity practices,it leads to the achievement of accountability of statutory bodies organisations.

关键词： corporate integrity practices accountability Malaysian statutory bodies

Constructed Wetlands as a Natural Resource for Water Quality Improvement in Malaysia

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Natural Resources 2014年第7期5卷 292-298页

作者： Syafiq Shaharuddin Ngai Weng Chan nor Azazi zakaria Aminuddin Ab Ghani Chun Kiat Chang Ranjan Roy River Engineering and Urban Drainage Research Center (REDAC) Universiti Sains Malaysia Nibong Tebal Malaysia

Tropical wetlands have numerous natural functions, one of which is the filtration of wastewater for water quality improvement. The aim of this paper is to investigate the performance of constructed wetlands in Universiti Sains Malaysia for water quality treatment of stormwater runoff. A total of 17 sampling stations were selected from different sections of possessing different compositions, characteristics and plant species. Weekly physico-chemical and biological parameters were analysed during the one year period starting from December 2010 to December 2011. The results exhibited significant improvement of water quality as the concentration of nitrate, nitrite, ammoniacal-nitrogen, orthophosphate, TSS, BOD and COD decreased after the water passed through the macrophyte and micropool zones before being discharged to the wetland outlet. The concentration of nitrite was significantly reduced (80%);nitrate (61.56%), ammoniacal-nitrogen (51.49%), orthophosphate (60.98%), TSS (67.86%), BOD (27.7%) and COD (46.43%). The decrease in the concentrations of the above pollutants showed that the improvement of water quality was performed in the wetland. Most of the concentrations fall in Class IIA and IIB based on National Water Quality Standards for Malaysia and Department of Environment (DOE) Water Quality Index Classification. Biological measurement showed high diversity of species. Based on the results obtained, the macrophyte zone showed a high number of species and percentage distribution of phytoplankton and zooplankton, starting from the Wetland 1and 2 until the outlet wetland (14.6% - 14.9% until 3.5%). While for fish distribution, Oreochromis niloticus was the dominant fish species from the others seven species found in the constructed wetland. Overall, the results from this study demonstrate that constructed wetlands significantly improve water quality of stormwater runoff, and that they are a good natural resource for the sustenance and maintenance of biodiversity.

关键词： Constructed Wetland Water Quality Biodiversity Stormwater Runoff