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Sinicization of Indic Loanwords in Chinese Language: Foreignization to domestication

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宏观语言学 2021年第2期9卷 112-130页

作者： noel Dassanayake Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka Sri Lanka

Indic loanwords in Chinese language account for the largest number of loanwords in Mandarin *** loanwords have become an important integral part of the lexicon of Chinese language and throughout decades have undergone assimilation,semantic extension and phonological *** present study is an investigation into the modes,levels and history of Sinicization of Indic loanwords in Chinese ***,it is evident from the literature and historical accounts that Sinicization of these loanwords is a process from foreignization to ***-Chinese doctrines and philosophies,essentially Taoism and Confucianism have had multifaceted influences on the Sinicization process which has resulted in semantic extension,semantic change or total diminution of original *** less used high culture-sensitive loanwords have completely disappeared from modern Chinese,loanwords of higher Sinicization level have completely *** is observed that foreignized loanwords have very less tendency of being absorbed into modern Chinese and many such terms have been excluded in modern Chinese dictionaries.

关键词： Indic loanwords translation Chinese language Sanskrit Sinicization

Implementation of 2D DomainDecomposition in the UCAN Gyrokinetic Particle-in-Cell Code and Resulting Performance of UCAN2

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Communications in Computational Physics 2016年第1期19卷 205-225页

作者： Jean-noel G.Leboeuf Viktor K.Decyk David E.Newman Raul Sanchez Department of Physics University of AlaskaFairbanksAK 99775-5920USA Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Digital Research and Education(IDRE)University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095-1547USA Departamento de Fsica Universidad Carlos IIILeganes 28911MadridSpain

The massively parallel,nonlinear,three-dimensional(3D),toroidal,electrostatic,gyrokinetic,particle-in-cell(PIC),Cartesian geometry UCANcode,with particle ions and adiabatic electrons,has been successfully exercised to identify non-diffusive transport characteristics in present day tokamak *** limitation in applying UCAN to larger scale discharges is the 1D domain decomposition in the toroidal(or z-)direction for massively parallel implementation using MPI which has restricted the calculations to a few hundred ion Larmor radii or gyroradii per plasma minor *** exceed these sizes,we have implemented 2D domain decomposition in UCANwith the addition of the y-direction to the processor *** has been facilitated by use of relevant components in the P2LIB library of field and particle management routines developed for UCLA’s UPIC Framework of conventional PIC *** gyroaveraging specific to gyrokinetic codes is simplified by the use of replicated arrays for efficient charge accumulation and force *** 2D domain-decomposed UCAN2 code reproduces the original 1D domain nonlinear results within *** of UCAN2 on the Cray XC30 Edison at NERSC demonstrate ideal scaling when problem size is increased along with processor number up to the largest power of 2 available,namely 131,072 *** particle weak scaling benchmarks also indicate that the 1 nanosecond per particle per time step and 1 TFlops barriers are easily broken by UCAN2 with 1 billion particles or more and 2000 or more processors.

关键词： Gyrokinetic simulation particle-in-cell method massive parall

Hypoxia and its impact on the tumour microenvironment of gastroesophageal cancers

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第5期13卷 312-331页

作者： Ross King Conall Hayes Claire L Donohoe Margaret R Dunne Maria Davern noel E Donlon Department of Surgery St.James’s Hospital CampusTrinity Translational Medicine InstituteDublin D8Ireland

The malfeasant role of the hypoxic tumour microenvironment(TME)in cancer progression was recognized decades ago but the exact mechanisms that augment the hallmarks of cancer and promote treatment resistance continue to be *** cancers(GOCs)represent a major burden of worldwide disease,responsible for the deaths of over 1 million people *** the impact of hypoxia in GOCs enables a better overall understanding of the disease pathogenesis while shining a light on novel therapeutic strategies and facilitating precision treatment approaches with the ultimate goal of improving outcomes for patients with these *** review discusses the underlying principles and processes of the hypoxic response and the effect of hypoxia in promoting the hallmarks of cancer in the context of *** focus on its bidirectional influence on inflammation and how it drives angiogenesis,innate and adaptive immune evasion,metastasis,and the reprogramming of cellular *** contribution of the hypoxic GOC TME to treatment resistance is examined and a brief overview of the pharmacodynamics of hypoxiatargeted therapeutics is *** principal methods that are used in measuring hypoxia and how they may enhance prognostication or provide rationale for individually tailored management in the case of tumours with significant hypoxic regions are also discussed.

关键词： Esophageal cancer Gastric cancer Tumor hypoxia Tumour microenvironment Gastroesophageal cancer

Predictors of dehydration and acute renal failure in patients with diverting loop ileostomy creation after colorectal surgery

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第14期7卷 1805-1813页

作者： Omar Vergara-Fernández Mario Trejo-Avila Oscar Santes Danilo Solórzano-Vicu?a noel Salgado-Nesme Department of Colorectal Surgery Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición "Salvador Zubirán"

BACKGROUND Despite the potential benefits of fecal diversion after low pelvic anastomosis in colorectal surgery, diverting loop ileostomy construction is related to significant rates of complications. AIM To determine potential predictors of high output related complications in patients with diverting loop ileostomy creation after colorectal surgery. METHODS Patients who underwent open and laparoscopic colorectal surgery requiring a diverting loop ileostomy from January 2010 to March 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. We included patients older than 18 years, who underwent colorectal surgery with primary low pelvic anastomosis, and with the creation of a diverting loop ileostomy, at elective or emergency settings for the treatment of benign or malignant conditions. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of the potential predictors on the rate of high output related complications. The high output related complications were dehydration and acute renal failure that required visits to the emergency department and hospitalizations. RESULTS Of the 102 patients included in the study, 23.5%(n = 24) suffered high output related complications. In this group of patients at least one visit to the emergency department (mean 1.6), and at least one readmission to the hospital was needed. The factors associated with high-output ileostomy, in the univariate analysis, were: urgent surgical intervention (OR = 2.6;P = 0.047), the development of postoperative complications (OR = 3;P = 0.024), have ulcerative colitis (OR = 4.8;P = 0.017), use of steroids (OR = 4.3;P = 0.010), mean output at discharge greater than 1000 mL/24 h (OR = 3.2;P = 0.016), and use of loperamide at discharge (OR = 2.8;P = 0.032). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified two independent risk factors for high output related complications: ulcerative colitis [OR = 7.6 (95%CI: 1.81-31.95);P = 0.006], and ileostomy output at discharge ≥ 1000 mL/24 h [OR =

关键词： Loop ileostomy High-output ileostomy Loop ileostomy complications Dehydration Colorectal surgery

Absence of high amplitude propagating contractions in subjects with chronic spinal cord injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第43期16卷 5435-5439页

作者： Hanumantha R Ancha noel R Fajardo William A Bauman Alan S Rosman Marinella Galea Graham Creasey Mark A Korsten Rehabilitation Research and Development Center of Excellence for Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury James J. Peters VA Medical Center Medical Service James J. Peters VA Medical Center Department of Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Mount Sinai School of Medicine Spinal Cord Injury Service James J. Peters VA Medical Center Spinal Cord Injury Service VA Medical Center

AIM: To investigate the presence or absence of high amplitude propagating contractions (HAPC), as well as the other measures of colonic motility, in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: Prolonged colonic ambulatory manometric studies were performed on 14 male volunteers: 8 with SCI (mean age, 59 ± 13 years; mean duration of injury, 13 ± 4 years) and 6 healthy able-bodied controls (mean age, 57 ± 10 years). A solid-state manometry catheter was endoscopically clipped to the splenic flexure. Recording was performed for > 24 h after manometric catheter placement. RESULTS: HAPC were absent in individuals with SCI during pre-sleep, sleep, and post-sleep phases. HAPC were significantly increased after awakening in non-SCI controls (0.8 ± 0.2 HAPC/h vs 10.5 ± 2.0 HAPC/h, P < 0.005). The motility index was lower in those with SCI than in controls preand post-sleep (SCI vs non-SCI: Pre-sleep, 2.4 ± 0.4 vs 8.8 ± 1.9, P < 0.01; Post-sleep, 4.3 ± 0.8 vs 16.5 ± 4.5, P < 0.05). However, a sleepinduced depression of colonic motility was observed in both the SCI and non-SCI groups (Pre-sleep vs Sleep, non-SCI: 8.8 ± 1.9 vs 2.1 ± 0.9, P < 0.002; SCI: 2.4 ± 0.4 vs 0.2 ± 0.03, P < 0.001), with the motility index of those with SCI during sleep not significantly different than that of the controls. CONCLUSION: HAPC were not observed in individuals with SCI preor post-sleep. A sleep-induced depression in general colonic motility was evident in SCI and control subjects.

关键词： Spinal cord injury Neurogenic bowel Bowel motility High amplitude propagating contractions Motility index

Computing Reachable Sets as Capture-Viability Kernels in Reverse Time

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第11期3卷 1593-1597页

作者： noel Bonneuil National Institute of Demographic Studies ParisFrance Advanced Studies in Social Sciences ParisFrance

The set SF(x0;T) of states y reachable from a given state x0 at time T under a set-valued dynamic x’(t)∈F(x (t)) and under constraints x(t)∈K where K is a closed set, is also the capture-viability kernel of x0 at T in reverse time of the target {x0} while remaining in K. In dimension up to three, Saint-Pierre’s viability algorithm is well-adapted;for higher dimensions, Bonneuil’s viability algorithm is better suited. It is used on a large-dimensional example.

关键词： Set-Valued Analysis Reachable Set

MXene supported surface plasmons on telecommunications optical fibers

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第2期11卷 212-220页

作者： Victor Pacheco-Peña Toby Hallam noel Healy School of Mathematics Statistics and PhysicsNewcastle UniversityNewcastle Upon Tyne NE17RUUK

MXenes,an emerging class of two-dimensional materials,exhibit characteristics that promise significant potential for their use in next generation optoelectronic *** interplay between interband transitions and boundary effects offer the potential to tune the plasma frequencies over a large spectral range from the near-infrared to the *** tuneability along with the‘layered’nature of the material not only offer the flexibility to produce plasmon resonances across a wide range of wavelengths,but also add a degree of freedom to the sensing mechanism by allowing the plasma frequency to be *** we show,numerically,that MXenes can support plasmons in the telecommunications frequency range and that surface plasmon resonances can be excited on a standard MXene coated side polished optical ***,presenting the tantalising prospect of highly selective distributed optical fiber sensor networks.

关键词： fibers excited transitions

Performance of Unidirectional Biocomposite Developed with Piptadeniastrum Africanum Tannin Resin and Urena Lobata Fibers as Reinforcement

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2021年第3期9卷 477-493页

作者： Achille Gnassiri Wedaïna Antonio Pizzi Wolfgang Nzie Raidandi Danwe noel Konaï Siham Amirou Cesar Segovia Raphaël Kueny Laboratory of Mechanics Materialsand Modelization(PAI)University of NgaoundéréNgaoundéré454Cameroon Laboratory of Studies and Research on Wood Material(LERMAB) University of LorraineEpinal88000France Laboratory of Mechanics Materials and BuildingUniversity of MarouaMarouaCameroon Laboratory of Materials Mechanics University of Yaoundé1Yaoundé8390Cameroon Lorrain Textile Test Center(CETELOR) University of LorraineEpinal88026France

The Piptadeniastrum Africanum bark tannin extract was characterized using MALDI TOF,ATR-FT *** was used in the development of a resin with Vachellia nilotica extract as a *** tannin is consisting of Catechin,Quercetin,Chalcone,Gallocatechin,Epigallocatechin gallate,Epicatechin *** gel time of the resin at natural pH(pH=5.4)is 660 s and its MOE obtained by thermomechanical analysis is 3909 *** tenacity of Urena lobata fibers were tested,woven into unidirectional mats(UD),and used as reinforcement in the development of *** fibers tenacity at 20,30 and 50 mm lengths are respectively 65.41,41.04 and 33.86 cN·Tex^(−1).The UD biocomposite obtained had very interesting mechanical *** density,tensile MOE,ultimate strength,bending MOE and MOR are respectively 926 kg·m^(−3),6 GPa,55 MPa,9.3 GPa and 68.3 *** biocomposite can be used in a building exterior structure.

关键词： Adhesive biocomposite fibers hardener MOE and MOR

……who has climbed a few Everests himself

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山西中医学院学报 2007年第3期8卷 5-8页

作者： noel Bruce Ullrich Financial & Corporate Services Ltd. P.O.Box 212 ChristchurchNew Zealand

Mr Chancellor, Ladies and gentleman, I would like to extend my warmest congratulations to those graduating today. Today is the culmination of a number of years of hard work, sacrifice and dedication and I know how proud your own family members and colleagues will be. You are also now, life time members of the Massey University ***, as we all well know, is a series of challenges - large and small and with its peaks and troughs, along the way. Way back in 1975 I had been appointed Chairman of an Organizing Committee to send a New Zealand Himalayan Expedition to climb the formidable north face of a mountain called 'Jannu'. It was probably the biggest expedition from New Zealand to ever climb in the Himalayas. Sir Edmund Hillary was patron of the expedition and the team contained some of the country's most notable climbers, including Graeme Dingle - but it was also to be a very expensive exercise. Not ever having had any experience of mountaineering, I tried to be innovative in our approach towards the organization of such an event, particularly in the area of fund raising. Along the way, I even declined the offer of a weekend ascent of Mount Cook. I have a fear of *** there was some financial contribution from the team members, we commissioned a medallion for the expedition which was sold through all branches of the Bank of New South Wales (now Westpac), we had a national raffle organised for us, we ran fashion shows as fund raisers (we even got members of the team to appear in dinner suits for the first time ever) and persuaded Television One, for a fee, to send along a crew to cover the expedition for a documentary - it was all a great deal of hard *** to terrible weather and treacherous climbing conditions the team did not reach the summit - a couple of the team had to be flown out with minor frostbite, but we got them back all unscathed, but not at all that keen to return for more. Graeme Dingle also wrote a book'Wall of Shadows'which raised

关键词：目标策略建议毕业演讲高校毕业生