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A Novel Multi-objective Protection Coordination Scheme for a Microgrid with Optimal Deployment of Dual-setting ROCOV Based Relays

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第4期9卷 23-38页

作者： Praveen kumar Gupta Priyanshul Niranjan niraj kumar Choudhary Nitin Singh Ravindra kumar Singh the Department of Electrical Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology AllahabadPrayagraj 211004India

Relay coordination is crucial in electrical power systems to protect against malfunctions and damage caused by unexpected events like short *** address the challenge associated with the reverse direction of fault current,dual-setting(DS)directional over-current relays have evolved but failed to provide proper coordination during changes of load,generation,and *** the meantime,with the increasing number of DS relays,the total relay operating time tends to ***,this paper proposes a protection scheme based on the optimal deployment of conventional and dual-setting rate of change of voltage(DS-ROCOV)relays in distribution *** holds true for varying network topologies and is unaffected by variations in load and *** objective of the proposed scheme is to ensure reliable and efficient protection against faults in distribution systems by minimizing the overall operating time with the optimal number of DS-ROCOV *** proposed protection scheme’s performance is evaluated for different coordination time interval values as well as in different microgrid *** paper outlines the design and implementation of the proposed protection scheme which is validated on the modified IEEE 14-bus system using simulations in Matlab/Simulink.

关键词： Coordination time interval DS-ROCOV relay multi-objective optimization optimal-deployment protection coordination

Emergence of taurine as a therapeutic agent for neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 62-68页

作者： Ashok Jangra Priyanka Gola Jiten Singh Pooja Gond Swarnabha Ghosh Mahesh Rachamalla Abhijit Dey Danish Iqbal Mehnaz Kamal Punya Sachdeva Saurabh kumar Jha Shreesh Ojha Dinesh kumar niraj kumar Jha Hitesh Chopra Shing Cheng Tan Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central University of HaryanaMahendergarhHaryanaIndia Department of Biology University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest BengalIndia Department of Health Information Management College of Applied Medical SciencesBuraydah Private CollegesBuraydahSaudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of PharmacyPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KharjSaudi Arabia GloNeuro Vishwakarma RoadNoidaIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering&Technology(SET)Sharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar PradeshIndia Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Medicine and Health SciencesUnited Arab Emirates UniversityAl AinUnited Arab Emirates School of Bioengineering&Biosciences Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Applied&Life Sciences(SALS)Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia Chitkara College of Pharmacy Chitkara UniversityPunjabIndia UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute Universiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia

Taurine is a sulfur-containing,semi-essential amino acid that occurs naturally in the *** alternates between inflammation and oxidative stress-mediated injury in various disease *** part of its limiting functions,taurine also modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress,Ca^(2+)homeostasis,and neuronal activity at the molecular *** effectively protects against a number of neurological disorders,including stro ke,epilepsy,cerebral ischemia,memory dysfunction,and spinal cord *** various therapies are available,effective management of these disorders remains a global *** 30 million people are affected *** design of taurine fo rmation co uld lead to potential drugs/supplements for the health maintenance and treatment of central nervous system *** general neuroprotective effects of taurine and the various possible underlying mechanisms are discussed in this *** article is a good resource for understanding the general effects of taurine on various *** the strong evidence for the neuropharmacological efficacy of taurine in various experimental paradigms,it is concluded that this molecule should be considered and further investigated as a potential candidate for neurotherapeutics,with emphasis on mechanism and clinical studies to determine efficacy.

关键词： antioxidant epilepsy γ-amino butyric acid neurodegenerative disorders neuroprotection oxidative stress spinal cord injury taurine

A CLASS OF ENTIRE DIRICHLET SERIES AS AN FK-SPACE AND A FRECHET SPACE

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2013年第6期33卷 1571-1578页

作者： niraj kumar Garima MANOCHA School of Applied Sciences Netaji Subhas Institute of TechnologySector 3 DwarkaNew Delhi-110078India

In the present paper we consider a class of entire functions represented by Dirichlet series whose coefficients belong to a commutative Banach algebra and prove it to be a complex FK-space and a Frechet space.

关键词： Dirichlet series Banach algebra FK-space Frechet space

Coordination of dual setting overcurrent relays in microgrid with optimally determined relay characteristics for dual operating modes

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2022年第1期7卷 64-81页

作者： Raghvendra Tiwari Ravindra kumar Singh niraj kumar Choudhary Electrical Engineering Department MNNITAllahabadPayagrajUPIndia

Fault current magnitude in a microgrid depends upon its mode of operation,namely,grid-connected mode or islanded *** on the type of fault in a given mode,separate protection schemes are generally *** the change in microgrid operating mode,the protection scheme needs to be modified which is uneconomical and time *** this paper,a novel optimal protection coordination scheme is proposed,one which enables a common optimal relay setting which is valid in both operating modes of the *** this con-text,a common optimal protection scheme is introduced for dual setting directional overcurrent relays(DOCRs)using a combination of various standard relay *** with the two variables,i.e.,time multiplier setting(TMS)and plug setting(PS)for conventional directional overcurrent relay,dual setting DOCRs are augmented with a third variable of relay characteristics identifier(RCI),which is responsible for selecting optimal relay characteristics from the standard relay characteristics according to the IEC-60255 *** relay coordination problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming(MINLP)problem,and the settings of relays are optimally determined using the genetic algorithm(GA)and the grey wolf optimization(GWO)*** validate the superiority of the pro-posed protection scheme,the distribution parts of the IEEE-14 and IEEE-30 bus benchmark systems are considered.

关键词： Plug setting Time multiplier setting Protection coordination Overcurrent relay Coordination time interval

Mitigation on self-discharge behaviors via morphological control of hierarchical Ni-sulfides/Ni-oxides electrodes for long-life-supercapacitors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第18期113卷 217-228页

作者： Dhananjay Mishra niraj kumar Ajit kumar SeungGi Seo SungHun Jin Department of Electronic Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon 406-772 and also with Convergence Research Center for Insect VectorsIncheon National UniversityRepublic of Korea

To cope up with the sustainable energy storage goals for supercapacitors(SCs),the self-discharge in SC electrodes is a significant hurdle,and thereby,nickel sulfide(NS)with high conductivity is adopted as a test vehicle for understanding the morphological evolution effects for long-life ***,honeycomb-like NS is hierarchically formed over hydrothermally grown nickel oxide(NO)via successive ionic layer adsorption reaction(SILAR)*** heterostructure shows a fivefold improvement in specific capacitance from 348 F g^(−1) to 2077 F g^(−1)at 1 mV s^(−1) over bare ***,the remarkable upliftment of capacitance retention is achieved from 60.7%to 92.3%even after 3000 cycles via morphological control of NS/NO hetero-structure with the help of highly conductive *** importantly,the self-discharge behaviors and synergistic role of leakage current associated with morphological evolution via NS overcoating are studied in *** particular,the self-discharge mitigation from 45%(NO)to 35%(NS20/NO)due to the NS/NO heterostructure and the behind mechanism are ascribed to the activated-controlled Faradaic reaction coupled with a charge *** study emphasizes the potential importance of composite heterostructure by tuning the electrical conductivity and morphological adjustment NO via consecutive overcoating of NS through SILAR as a novel *** enhances charge storage,redox kinetics,and the mitigation of self-discharge properties of the active electrode *** practical validation on sustainable energy storage,NS20/NO supercapacitors illuminate the LED for 35%longer than NO after one-time charging,potentially beneficial for the next generation SCs.

关键词： Morphological evolution Self-discharge SILAR overcoating Supercapacitors Heterostructure

Self-discharge mitigated supercapacitors via hybrid CuO-nickel sulfide heterostructure for energy efficient, wireless data storage application

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第16期147卷 77-90页

作者： Dhananjay Mishra Seungyeob Kim niraj kumar Mokurala Krishnaiah Sung Hun Jin Department of Electronic Engineering Incheon National UniversityAcademy-ro 119Yeongsu-guIncheon 22012The Republic of Korea

With the surge of demand for instant high power in miniaturized electronic and mechanical systems,supercapacitors(SCs)are considered as one of the viable candidates to fulfill the ***,long-term resilience and superior energy density associated with self-discharge in SCs are obviously critical,but securing electrode materials,which can meet both benefits of SCs and persist charged potential for a comparatively prolonged duration,are still ***,hierarchically refined nickel-sulfide heterostructure(CuO-NS)on CuO(CO)scaffold is achieved through optimized film formation,exhibiting a threefold improvement in the essential electrochemical characteristics and outstanding capacitance retention(∼5%loss).Self-discharge behavior and its mechanism are systematically investigated via morphological control and nanostructural ***,significant mitigation of self-discharge owing to an increase in surface area and refined nanostructure is ***,CuO-NS2(20 cycle overcoating)based SC can retain over 60%of the charged potential for a complete voltage holding and a self-discharge test for 16 *** appealing demonstration of wireless power transmission in burst mode is demonstrated for secure digital(SD)card data writing,powered by SCs,which substantiates that it can be readily leveraged in power management *** enables us to realize one of the envisioned applications soon.

关键词： CuO-Ni_(3)S_(2)hierarchical heterostructure Voltage holding test Supercapacitor Self-discharge mitigation Wireless power transmission

Molecular basis of fluoride toxicities:Beyond benefits and implications in human disorders

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1470-1493页

作者： Priyankar Pal niraj kumar Jha Debankur Pal Saurabh kumar Jha Uttpal Anand Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan Abhijit Dey Prabir kumar Mukhopadhyay Department of Life Sciences Presidency UniversityKolkataWest Bengal 700073India Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering and Technology(SET)Sharda UniversityGreater NoidaUttar Pradesh 201310India Department of Biotechnology School of Applied&Life Sciences(SALS)Uttaranchal UniversityDehradun 248007India Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology Chandigarh UniversityMohali 140413India Department of Life Sciences Ben-Gurion University of the NegevBeer-Sheva 84105Israel Department of Biomedical Sciences School of Bio Sciences and TechnologyVellore Institute of Technology(VIT)VelloreTamil Nadu 632014India

Detrimental impacts of fluoride have become a global concern for several *** its beneficial role which is restricted only in skeletal tissues,deleterious effects are also observed in soft tissues and *** generation of enhanced oxidative stress is the commencement of excess fluoride exposure which may lead to cell *** causes cell death through autophagy via Beclin 1 and mTOR signaling *** these,several or-gan specific anomalies through different signaling pathways have been ***-drial dysfunction,DNA damage,autophagy and apoptosis are the damaging outcomes in case of hepatic *** concentration defects and cell cycle arrest have been reported in renal *** immune response has been characterized in the cardiac ***-tive dysfunction,neurodegenerative condition and learning impairment have also been *** steroidogenesis,gametogenic abnormalities,epigenetic alterations and birth defect are the major reprotoxic *** immune responses,altered immu-nogenic proliferation,differentiation as well as altered ratio of immune cells are well-defined anomalies in the immune *** the mechanistic approach of fluoride toxicity in phys-iological systems is common,it follows different signaling *** review emphasizes diverse signaling pathways which are the targets of overexposed fluoride.

关键词： Fluoride Autophagy Mitochondrial dysfunction Signaling cascades System disorders

Nature of the Crust Below the Achankovil Shear Zone,India Based on Gravity Data

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 200-201页

作者： niraj kumar A.P.Singh B.Singh National Geophysical Research Institute Room No.208Gravity Magnetic Study Group

Evolutionary history of continents and supercontinents, and their implications on solid earth processes, require an understanding of the growth of the continental crust through time and *** zones are the remnant regions inherited by Proterozoic tectonics between amalgamated terranes and the long-lived shear systems are commonly assumed to represent such *** such often debated is the

关键词： southern granulite terrane Achankovil shear zone terrane boundary gravity anomaly intracratonic litho-tectonic feature

Coordination of Overcurrent Relay in Distributed System for Different Network Configuration

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2015年第10期3卷 1-9页

作者： niraj kumar Choudhary Soumya Ranjan Mohanty Ravindra kumar Singh Electrical Engineering Department Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad Allahabad India

This paper presents a study on protection coordination of over current relays (OCRs) in a distributed system by considering its different operating modes. Two different case studies which are considered in present work for protection coordination include: (i) DG interfaced distribution system in grid connected mode and (ii) DG interfaced distribution system in islanded mode of operation. The proposed approach is tested on the Canadian urban benchmark distribution system consisting of 9 buses. On the occurrence of fault, level of fault current changes which in turn changes the operating time of various OCRs. Therefore, it is important to calculate and suggest method of the relay setting in order to minimize the operating time of relays and also to avoid its mal-operation. In this paper, the protection scheme is optimally designed by taking into account the above mentioned conditions. The operating time of relays can be decreased and, at the same time, coordination can be maintained by considering the optimum values of time dial setting (TDS). Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been used for determining the optimum values of TDS and hence operating time.

关键词： Distributed Generator (DG) Over Current Relays (OCRs) Time Dial Setting (TDS) Genetic