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Canopy morphological changes and water use efficiency in winter wheat under different irrigation treatments

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第4期19卷 1105-1116页

作者： ZHAO Hong-xiang ZHANG Ping WANG yuan-yuan ning tang-yuan XU Cai-long WANG Pu College of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai'an 271018P.R.China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193P.R.China Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China

Water is a key limiting factor in agriculture. Water resource shortages have become a serious threat to global food security. The development of water-saving irrigation techniques based on crop requirements is an important strategy to resolve water scarcity in arid and semi-arid regions. In this study, field experiments with winter wheat were performed at Wuqiao Experiment Station, China Agricultural University in two growing seasons in 2013-2015 to help develop such techniques. Three irrigation treatments were tested: no-irrigation(i.e., no water applied after sowing), limited-irrigation(i.e., 60 mm of water applied at jointing), and sufficient-irrigation(i.e., a total of 180 mm of water applied with 60 mm at turning green, jointing and anthesis stages, respectively). Leaf area index(LAI), light transmittance(LT), leaf angle(LA), transpiration rate(Tr), specific leaf weight, water use efficiency(WUE), and grain yield of winter wheat were measured. The highest WUE of wheat in the irrigated treatments was found under limited-irrigation and grain yield was only reduced by a small amount in this treatment compared to the sufficient irrigation treatment. The LAI and LA of wheat plants was lower under limited irrigation than sufficient irrigation, but canopy LT was greater. Moreover, the specific leaf weight of winter wheat was significantly lower under sufficient than limited irrigation conditions, while the leaf Tr was significantly higher. Correlation analysis showed that the increased LAI was associated with an increase in the leaf Tr, but the specific leaf weight had the opposite relationship with transpiration. Optimum WUE occurred over a reasonable range in leaf Tr. In conclusion, reduced irrigation can optimize wheat canopies and regulate water consumption, with only small reductions in final yield, ultimately leading to higher wheat WUE and water saving in arid and semi-arid regions.

关键词： winter wheat limited-irrigation canopy characteristics transpiration rate water use efficiency

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Nitrogen removal by three types of bioretention columns under wetting and drying regimes

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第2期23卷 324-332页

作者：唐宁远李田 State Key Labortory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse(Tongji University) Shanghai 200092China

The behaviors of inorganic nitrogen species in three types of bioretention columns under an intermittently wetting regime were investigated. The mean NH+4—N, NO-3—N and total N(TN) removal efficiencies for the conventional bioretention column(Col. T1) are 71%, 1% and 41%, for layered bioretention column with less permeable soil layer(Col. T2) the efficiencies are 83%, 84% and 82%, and for the bioretention column with submerged zone(Col. T3) the values are 63%, 31% and 53%, respectively. The best nitrogen removal is obtained using Col. T2 with relatively low infiltration rate. Adsorption during runoff dosing and nitrification during the drying period are the primary NH+4—N removal pathways. Less permeable soil and the elevated outlet promote the formation of anoxic conditions. 30%–70% of NO-3—N applied to columns in a single repetition is denitrified during the draining period, suggesting that the draining period is an important timeframe for the removal of NO-3—N. Infiltration rate controls the contact time with media during the draining periods, greatly influencing the NO-3—N removal effects. Bioretention systems with infiltration rate ranging from 3 to 7 cm/h have a great potential to remove NO-3—N.

关键词： runoff NH4+--N NO3 --N bioretention infiltration rate

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Coupling Effects of Irrigation and Phosphorus Fertilizer Applications on Phosphorus Uptake and Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第2期12卷 263-272页

作者： WANG Yu CHI Shu-yun ning tang-yuan TIAN Shen-zhong LI Zeng-jia State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought-Tolerance Germplasm Improvement Ministry of Agriculture/College of AgricultureShandong Agricultural University College of Mechanical & Electronic Engineering Shandong Agricultural University

The water content and nutrient in soil are two main determine factors to crop yield and quality, managements of which in field are of great importance to maintain sustainable high yield. The objective of this study was to measure the uptake, forms, and use efficiency of phosphorus （P） in wheat under four levels of irrigation （W0, W1, W2, and W3） and three levels of P application （P0, P1, and P2） through two growth seasons of wheat （2008-2010）. The field experiment was carried out in a low level of soil P concentration and the eultivar was Jimai 20. The results indicated that P fertilizer combined with irrigation not only improved the activity of phosphatase in soil, but also increased P accumulation in wheat, similar results was found in the grain of wheat, the content of total P increased significantly. Meanwhile, the mainly existence forms of P in grain were the lecithoid-P and labile organic-P. On the other hand, in comparison to the irrigation, the dry matter and grain P production efficiency and postponing P application of wheat increased with increasing Papplication rates within the range of 0-180 kg P2O5 ha-1. The interaction between P and irrigation also significantly （P〈0.01） affected on the P accumulation, grain total P, grain phospholipid P, and P production efficiency. In this study, therefore, the P applications and irrigation improved grain P production efficiency and postponing P application of winter wheat, and W2P2 treatment （180 kg P2O5 ha-1 combination with 120 mm irrigation） had a high P accumulation and P use efficiency, it was an optimum level for P fertilizer application and irrigation in this region.

关键词： winter wheat coupling effect irrigation phosphorus

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Assessing ability of a wet swale to manage road runoff：A case study in Hefei, China

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Journal of Central South University 2016年第6期23卷 1353-1362页

作者：唐宁远李田葛军 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse (Tongji University) Shanghai 200092 China The New Binhu Region Construction Investment Co. Ltd Hefei 230601 China

The ability of a wet swale,constructed in an area of poor soil permeability,to manage runoff from a roadway was monitored through 27 storm events over a period of 8 *** the monitoring period,the wet swale reduced the total runoff volume by 50.4%through exfiltration and *** wet swale significantly decreased the influent pollutant concentrations,and the effluent mean concentrations of total suspended solids,total phosphorus,chemical oxygen demand,ammonium,oxidized nitrogen,and total nitrogen in the effluent were 31 mg/L,0.10 mg/L,29 mg/L,0.52 mg/L,0.35 mg/L and1.28 mg/L,*** loads were also substantially reduced from 70%to 85%.Plant uptake played an important role in nutrient removal in the wet *** half of the nitrogen(53.8%)and phosphorus(51.5%)that entered the wet swale was incorporated in above-ground *** is shown that wet swales are useful for managing runoff from roads in areas of poor soil permeability.

关键词： wet swale stormwater runoff water quality improvement water quantity reduction removal mechanism vegetation

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Response and adaptation to the accumulation and distribution of photosynthetic product in peanut under salt stress

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第3期19卷 690-699页

作者： ZHANG Guan-chu DAI Liang-xiang DING Hong CI Dun-wei ning tang-yuan YANG Ji-shun ZHAO Xin-hua YU Hai-qiu ZHANG Zhi-meng College of Agronomy Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866P.R.China Shandong Peanut Research Institute Qingdao 266100P.R.China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought-tolerance Germplasm Improvement Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018P.R.China

To clarify the response and adaptability of peanut under salt stress,Huayu 25 was used as the material,and non-salt stress(CK),0.15% salt stress(S1),and 0.3% salt stress(S2) were applied as three *** study analysed the effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics,photosynthetic substances accumulation and distribution as well as the ecological adaptability of *** results showed that net photosynthetic rate(Pn),SPAD value,leaf area,and peanut yield were reduced under salt *** in CK was 13.71 and 28.72% higher than that in S1 and S2 at the 50 th day after planting,*** the same growth period,the SPAD value among treatments was ranked as follows: CK>S1>*** 100-pod mass,100-kernel mass,kernel rate to pod,and pod mass per plant were reduced under salt stress,and the trend was CK>S1>*** distribution proportion of dry matter in different organs of peanut plant was changed to adapt to such *** under salt stress intensively distributed in a 0-40 cm soil layer for salt *** mass proportion in stems and pods increased during the vegetative stage and early period of reproductive stage,*** maximum growth rates of the pod volume,pod dry weight,and seed kernel dry weight all declined,and the pod and kernel volume at harvest were reduced,improving the seed plumpness under salt *** finding could be useful in growing peanut in saline soil.

关键词： salt stress peanut ecological adaptability photosynthetic product

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Microglial Calcium Homeostasis Modulator 2:Novel Anti-neuroinflammation Target for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第4期40卷 553-556页

作者： yuan Dong Li tang Neuropsychiatry Research Institute The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao UniversityQingdao266000China Qingdao Institute of Measurement Technology Qingdao266000China

Neurodegenerative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD)and Parkinson's disease(PD),are the most common causes of *** drugs for such diseases can only provide temporary help with the symptoms,leaving the discovery of new drugs urgently in *** cells are the local immune cells in the nervous system and have been recognized as the key player in neuroinflammation that contributes to the process of neurodegeneration[1],raising the discussion of aiming microglia as the therapeutic target for clinical treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： inflammation degenerative drugs

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Constructions of optimal binary locally repairable codes via intersection subspaces

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 418-432页

作者： Wenqin ZHANG Deng tang Chenhao YING yuan LUO School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Locally repairable codes（LRCs）, which can recover any symbol of a codeword by reading only a small number of other symbols, have been widely used in real-world distributed storage systems, such as Microsoft Azure Storage and Ceph Storage Cluster. Since binary linear LRCs can significantly reduce coding and decoding complexity, constructions of binary LRCs are of particular interest. The aim of this paper is to construct dimensional optimal binary LRCs with disjoint local repair groups. We introduce a method to connect intersection subspaces with binary LRCs and construct dimensional optimal binary linear LRCs with locality 2b（b 3） and minimum distance d 6 by employing intersection subspaces deduced from the direct sum. This method will sufficiently increase the number of possible repair groups of dimensional optimal LRCs, thus efficiently expanding the range of the construction parameters while keeping the largest code rates compared with all known binary linear LRCs with minimum distance d 6 and locality 2b.

关键词： locally repairable codes disjoint local repair groups distributed storage systems intersection subspaces direct sum

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The Investigation of Data Voting Algorithm for Train Air-Braking System Based on Multi-Classification SVM and ANFIS

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 274-281页

作者： Juhan WANG Ying GAO yuan CAO Tao tang School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Graduate Department China Academy of Railway Science National Engineering Research Center of Rail Transportation Operation and Control System Beijing Jiaotong University

The pressure data of the train air braking system is of great significance to accurately evaluate its operation state. In order to overcome the influence of sensor fault on the pressure data of train air braking system, it is necessary to design a set of sensor fault-tolerant voting mechanism to ensure that in the case of a pressure sensor fault, the system can accurately identify and locate the position of the faulty sensor, and estimate the fault data according to other normal data. A fault-tolerant mechanism based on multi-classification support vector machine(SVM) and adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system(ANFIS) is introduced. Multi-classification SVM is used to identify and locate the system fault state, and ANFIS is used to estimate the real data of the fault sensor. After estimation, the system will compare the real data of the fault sensor with the ANFIS estimated data. If it is similar,the system will recognize that there is a false alarm and record it. Then the paper tests the whole mechanism based on the real data. The test shows that the system can identify the fault samples and reduce the occurrence of false alarms.

关键词： Support vector machines Fault diagnosis Pressure sensors Fuzzy logic Fault tolerance Adaptive systems Fault tolerant systems

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A stable one-point quadrature rule for three-dimensional numerical manifold method

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1401-1416页

作者： ZHANG ning ZHENG Hong YANG Liang WU WenAn yuan Chi School of Civil Engineering Qinghai UniversityQinghai810016China Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering Ministry of EducationBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing100124China Faculty of Engineering China University of GeoscienceWuhan430074China

We present a numerically stable one-point quadrature rule for the stiffness matrix and mass matrix of the three-dimensional numerical manifold method(3D NMM).The rule simplifies the integration over irregularly shaped manifold elements and overcomes locking issues,and it does not cause spurious modes in modal *** essential idea is to transfer the integral over a manifold element to a few moments to the element center,thereby deriving a one-point integration rule by the moments and making modifications to avoid locking *** the stiffness matrix,after the virtual work is decomposed into moments,higher-order moments are modified to overcome locking issues in nearly incompressible and bending-dominated *** the mass matrix,the consistent and lumped types are derived by *** particular,the lumped type has the clear advantage of *** proposed method is naturally suitable for 3D NMM meshes automatically generated from a regular *** tests justify the accuracy improvements and the stability of the proposed procedure.

关键词： three-dimensional numerical manifold method quadrature rule locking mass lumping

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Glaucoma surgery experiments using digital microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography and OCT-compatible instruments

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2024年第5期17卷 105-113页

作者： Tianliang Jiang Jinyu Fan ning tang Yi He Guohua Shi School of Biomedical Engineering(Suzhou)Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 P.R.China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Science Suzhou 215163P.R.China

There is a certain failure rate in traditional glaucoma surgery because of the lack of depth information in microscope *** this work,we present a digital microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography(MIOCT)system and several custom-made OCT-compatible instruments for glaucoma *** ophthalmologists were asked to perform trabeculectomy and canaloplasty on live porcine eyes using the system and *** surgery,a subjective feedback survey about the user experience was *** experiment results showed that our system can help surgeons easily locate important tissue structures during *** custom-made instruments also solved the shadowing problem in OCT *** preferred to use the system in their future practice.

关键词： Microscope-integrated optical coherence tomography OCT-compatible instruments glaucoma surgery trabeculectomy canaloplasty

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