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The connection of phytoplankton biomass in the Marguerite Bay polynya of the western Antarctic Peninsula to the Southern Annular Mode

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第1期43卷 35-47页

作者： ning jiang Zhaoru Zhang Ruifeng Zhang Chuning Wang Meng Zhou School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Key Laboratory for Polar Science Polar Research Institute of ChinaMinistry of Natural ResourcesShanghai 200136China

Antarctic coastal polynyas are biological hotspots in the Southern Ocean that support the abundance of hightrophic-level predators and are important for carbon cycling in the high-latitude oceans.In this study,we examined the interannual variation of summertime phytoplankton biomass in the Marguerite Bay polynya(MBP)in the western Antarctic Peninsula area,and linked such variability to the Southern Annular Mode(SAM)that dominated the southern hemisphere extratropical climate variability.Combining satellite data,atmosphere reanalysis products and numerical simulations,we found that the interannual variation of summer chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)concentration in the MBP is significantly and negatively correlated with the spring SAM index,and weakly correlated with the summer SAM index.The negative relation between summer Chl-a and spring SAM is due to weaker spring vertical mixing under a more positive SAM condition,which would inhibit the supply of iron from deep layers into the surface euphotic layer.The negative relation between spring mixing and spring SAM results from greater precipitation rate over the MBP region in positive SAM phase,which leads to lower salinity in the ocean surface layer.The coupled physical-biological mechanisms between SAM and phytoplankton biomass revealed in this study is important for us to predict the future variations of phytoplankton biomasses in Antarctic polynyas under climate change.

关键词： Marguerite Bay polynya phytoplankton biomass Southern Annular Mode mixed layer depth interannual variation

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Ballistic performance of spherical fragments penetrating PCrNi3MoV target plates

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第3期33卷 295-307页

作者： Dou Hong Wenbin Li Yu Zheng Yiming Li ning jiang Kebin Zhang Ministerial Key Laboratory of ZNDY Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjingChina

PCrNi3MoV steel is a medium-carbon,low-alloy quenched and tempered steel that finds its applications in military gun barrels due to the high wear resistance and ablation resistance.To study the penetration and failure modes of PCrNi3MoV plates impacted by tungsten spheres,tungsten spheres of various diameters(5 mm,8 mm,and 10 mm)were used to impact PCrNi3MoV steel plates with thicknesses of 6 mm,9 mm,and 14 mm.The penetration performance of the spheres was analyzed for different velocities,and the ultimate penetration velocity of the plate was obtained.It was found that the primary failure modes of the PCrNi3MoV plate were compression pitting failure and shear failure.Using the dimensional analysis method,a relationship between the bulge height of the steel plate and the fragment velocity,an equation for the ultimate penetration velocity,and a relationship between the target penetration energy and the fragment velocity were obtained.Then,a projectile-target action index was proposed to describe the process of tungsten spheres with different velocities impacting target plates.The results suggested that under the same thickness of the target plate,a larger-diameter fragment required more kinetic energy to obtain the same ultimate penetration effect as a smaller-diameter fragment.The equations obtained through dimensional analysis predicted values that agreed well with experimental values,indicating that these equations can be applied to engineering applications.

关键词： Impact damage Ultimate penetration velocity Bulge height Target penetration energy Failure modes

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On-chip spiking neural networks based on add-drop ring microresonators and electrically reconfigurable phase-change material photonic switches

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Photonics Research 2024年第4期12卷 755-766页

作者： QIANG ZHANG ning jiang YIQUN ZHANG ANRAN LI HUANHUAN XIONG GANG HU YONGSHENG CAO KUN QIU School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China

We propose and numerically demonstrate a photonic computing primitive designed for integrated spiking neural networks (SNNs) based on add-drop ring microresonators (ADRMRs) and electrically reconfigurable phasechange material (PCM) photonic switches. In this neuromorphic system, the passive silicon-based ADRMR,equipped with a power-tunable auxiliary light, effectively demonstrates nonlinearity-induced dual neural dynamics encompassing spiking response and synaptic plasticity that can generate single-wavelength optical neural spikes with synaptic weight. By cascading these ADRMRs with different resonant wavelengths, weighted multiple-wavelength spikes can be feasibly output from the ADRMR-based hardware arrays when external wavelengthaddressable optical pulses are injected;subsequently, the cumulative power of these weighted output spikes is utilized to ascertain the activation status of the reconfigurable PCM photonic switches. Moreover, the reconfigurable mechanism driving the interconversion of the PCMs between the resonant-bonded crystalline states and the covalent-bonded amorphous states is achieved through precise thermal modulation. Drawing from the thermal properties, an innovative thermodynamic leaky integrate-and-firing (TLIF) neuron system is proposed. With the TLIF neuron system as the fundamental unit, a fully connected SNN is constructed to complete a classic deep learning task:the recognition of handwritten digit patterns. The simulation results reveal that the exemplary SNN can effectively recognize 10 numbers directly in the optical domain by employing the surrogate gradient algorithm. The theoretical verification of our architecture paves a whole new path for integrated photonic SNNs, with the potential to advance the field of neuromorphic photonic systems and enable more efficient spiking information processing.

关键词： neural networks precise

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Post-transcriptional regulation of grain weight and shape by the RBP-A-J-K complex in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第1期66卷 66-85页

作者： Ding Ren Hui Liu Xuejun Sun Fan Zhang Ling jiang Ying Wang ning jiang Peiwen Yan Jinhao Cui Jinshui Yang Zhikang Li Pingli Lu Xiaojin Luo State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and MOE Engineering Research Center of Gene Technology School of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China MOE Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Genetic Breeding College of AgronomyJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS)Beijing 100081China College of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei 230036China

RNA-binding proteins(RBPs)are components of the post-transcriptional regulatory system,but their regulatory effects on complex traits remain unknown.Using an integrated strategy involving map-based cloning,functional characterizations,and transcriptomic and population genomic analyses,we revealed that RBP-K(LOC_Os08g23120),RBP-A(LOC_Os11g41890),and RBP-J(LOC_Os10g33230)encode proteins that form an RBP-A-J-K complex that negatively regulates rice yield-related traits.Examinations of the RBP-A-J-K complex indicated RBP-K functions as a relatively non-specific RBP chaperone that enables RBP-A and RBP-J to function normally.Additionally,RBP-J most likely affects GA pathways,resulting in considerable increases in grain and panicle lengths,but decreases in grain width and thickness.In contrast,RBP-A negatively regulates the expression of genes most likely involved in auxin-regulated pathways controlling cell wall elongation and carbohydrate transport,with substantial effects on the rice grain filling process as well as grain length and weight.Evolutionarily,RBP-K is relatively ancient and highly conserved,whereas RBP-J and RBP-A are more diverse.Thus,the RBP-A-J-K complex may represent a typical functional model for many RBPs and protein complexes that function at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in plants and animals for increased functional consistency,efficiency,and versatility,as well as increased evolutionary potential.Our results clearly demonstrate the importance of RBP-mediated post-transcriptional regulation for the diversity of complex traits.Furthermore,rice grain yield and quality may be enhanced by introducing various complete or partial loss-of-function mutations to specific RBP genes using clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 technology and by exploiting desirable natural tri-genic allelic combinations at the loci encoding the components of the RBP-A-J-K complex through marker-assisted selection.

关键词： GL11 grain weight and shape post-transcriptional regulation RNA-binding proteins

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Genome-Wide Exploration of the Grape GLR Gene Family and Differential Responses of VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 to Low Temperature and Salt Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 533-549页

作者： Honghui Sun Ruichao Liu Yueting Qi Hongsheng Gao Xueting Wang ning jiang Xiaotong Guo Hongxia Zhang Chunyan Yu The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry Ludong UniversityYantai264025China College of Agriculture Ludong UniversityYantai264025China

Grapes,one of the oldest tree species globally,are rich in vitamins.However,environmental conditions such as low temperature and soil salinization signiﬁcantly affect grape yield and quality.The glutamate receptor(GLR)family,comprising highly conserved ligand-gated ion channels,regulates plant growth and development in response to stress.In this study,11 members of the VvGLR gene family in grapes were identiﬁed using whole-genome sequence analysis.Bioinformatic methods were employed to analyze the basic physical and chemical properties,phylogenetic trees,conserved domains,motifs,expression patterns,and evolutionary relationships.Phylogenetic and collinear analyses revealed that the VvGLRs were divided into three subgroups,showing the high conservation of the grape GLR family.These members exhibited 2 glutamate receptor binding regions(GABAb and GluR)and 3-4 transmembrane regions(M1,M2,M3,and M4).Real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated the sensitivity of all VvGLRs to low temperature and salt stress.Subsequent localization studies in Nicotiana tabacum veriﬁed that VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 proteins were located on the cell membrane and cell nucleus.Additionally,yeast transformation experiments conﬁrmed the functionality of VvGLR3.1 and VvGLR3.2 in response to low temperature and salt stress.Theseﬁndings highlight the signiﬁcant role of the GLR family,a highly conserved group of ion channels,in enhancing grape stress resistance.This study offers new insights into the grape GLR gene family,providing fundamental knowledge for further functional analysis and breeding of stress-resistant grapevines.

关键词： Genome-wide identiﬁcation glutamate receptor(GLR)family low temperature stress salt stress grape

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Targeting NRP1 axis as a strategy for treating energy metabolism impairment induced by SARS-CoV-2 spike

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： Lihui Zhang Wanting Hu Jingxuan Li Yuehan Li Feng Liu Wenyi Xiao ning jiang Zhiyong Xiao Lu Han Wenxia Zhou Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology School of Chinese Materia Medica Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Dear Editor,Free spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 alone can cause abnormal energy metabolism(Table S1 in Supporting Information), and limited research suggested a potential correlation between spike-induced mitochondrial damage and the ACE2 receptor(Lei et al., 2021; Yang et al., 2023). In order to further explore the mechanisms involved, we observed that the wild-type S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 exerts a more potent inhibitory effect on host cell ATP compared to the wild-type S protein, S2protein, the Omicron variant S1 protein and HCoV-NL63 S1protein in HLMVEC and 293T cell lines(Figure 1A and B),indicating the importance of exploring the mechanism by which the S1 protein causes ATP decrease. Meanwhile, the S1protein did not lead to significant changes in cellular lactate levels, indicating that its primary mechanism involves impairing oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial damage(Figure 1C and D).

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Phosphine-Catalyzed [4+3] Annulation Reaction of Indole Derivatives with MBH Carbonates:A Facile Access to Indole-1,2-fused 1,4-Diazepinones and Azepines

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 271-275页

作者： Yannan Zhu Haoran jiang Yi-ning Wang Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yancheng Institute of TechnologyYanchengJiangsu224051 China

A phosphine-catalyzed [4+3] annulation between dinucleophilic indole derivatives and Morita−Baylis−Hillman (MBH) carbonates was discovered by using the N1 and N4′/C4′ nucleophilicities of the indole precursors,in which indoles act as four atom synthons. This protocol provides an efficient and facile access to indole-1,2-fused 1,4-diazepinones and azepines in good to high yields in one step,which illustrates potential synthetic utilities in drug discovery.

关键词： Phosphine catalysis [4+3]Annulation Indole derivatives Nitrogen heterocycles Organocatalysis

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Resveratrol combats chronic diseases through enhancing mitochondrial quality

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 597-610页

作者： Weichu Tao Hu Zhang Xia jiang ning Chen Tianjiu Research and Development Center for Exercise Nutrition and Foods Hubei Key Laboratory of Exercise Training and MonitoringCollege of Sports MedicineWuhan Sports UniversityWuhan 430079China The University Hospital of Wuhan Sports University Wuhan 430079China

Resveratrol(RSV),as a functional food component extracted from natural plants,has been widely studied and recognized in preventing and treating various diseases,with major mechanisms including executing anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation functions,and improving mitochondrial quality.Chronic diseases as non-communicable diseases are mainly caused by multiple factors,such as physiological decline and dysfunction in the body,and have become a significant challenge on public health worldwide.It is worth noting that chronic diseases such as Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease(PD),muscle atrophy,cardiovascular disease,obesity,and cancer are accompanied by abnormal mitochondrial function.Therefore,targeted regulation of mitochondria may be a meaningful way to prevent and treat chronic diseases.Increasing evidence has confirmed that RSV is actively involved in regulating mitochondria,and it has become an essential consideration to prevent and treat chronic diseases through targeting mitochondria and improving corresponding functions.In this article,current studies on RSV to optimize mitochondrial quality for preventing and alleviating chronic disease are systematically summarized,which can provide a theoretical reference for the development of functional foods or drugs to combat chronic diseases.

关键词： Resveratrol Functional food Mitochondrial quality Chronic disease Anti-inflammation Anti-oxidation

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Synergistic promotion of particulate matter reduction and production performance via adjusting electrochemical reactions in the zinc electrolysis industry

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 23-33页

作者： Zizhen Ma Jingkun jiang Lei Duan jianguo Deng Fuyuan Xu Zehui Li Linhua jiang ning Duan School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of the EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Heavy particulate matter (PM) pollution and high energy consumption are the bottlenecks of hydrometallurgy, especially in the electrolysis process. Therefore, an urgent need is to explore PM reduction methods with production performance co-benefits. This study presents three PM reduction methods based on controlling operating parameters, i.e., lowering electrolyte temperature, H2SO4 concentration, and current density of the cathode. The optimized conditions were also investigated using the response surface methodology to balance the PM reduction effect and Zn production. The results showed that lowering electrolyte temperature is the most efficient, with an 89.0% reduction in the PM generation flux (GFPM). Reducing H2SO4 concentration led to the minimum side effects on the current efficiency of Zn deposition (CEZn) or power consumption (PC). With the premise of non-deteriorating CEZn and PC, GFPM can be reduced by 86.3% at the optimal condition (electrolyte temperature = 295 K, H2SO4 = 110 g/L, current density = 373 A/m^(2)). In addition, the reduction mechanism was elucidated by comprehensively analyzing bubble characteristics, electrochemical reactions, and surface tension. Results showed that lower electrolyte temperature inhibited the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and compressed gas volume. Lower H2SO4 concentration inhibited the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and reduced electrolyte surface tension. Lower current density inhibited both OER and HER by decreasing the reaction current. The inhibited gas evolutions reduced the microbubbles’ number and size, thereby reducing GFPM. These results may provide energy-efficient PM reduction methods and theoretical hints of exploring cleaner PM reduction approaches for industrial electrolysis.

关键词： Zinc electrolysis Particulate matter Energy consumption Operating parameters Bubble characteristic Electrochemical reaction

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Comprehensive characterization of cell disulfidptosis in human cancers:An integrated pan-cancer analysis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 5-8页

作者： Guo Zhao Yale jiang Yuning Wang Shuhang Wang ning Li Clinical Trial Center National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Excessive accumulation of disulfide molecules,like cystine,can induce disulfide stress and high toxicity in cells,but the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate can reverse this process and mitiga... 详细信息

关键词： disulfide cancer characterization

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