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Cyclosporine versus tacrolimus in patients with HCV infection after liver transplantation:Effects on virus replication and recurrent hepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第5期12卷 697-702页

作者： Philip Hilgard Alisan Kahraman nils lehmann Cornelia Seltmann Susanne Beckebaum R Stefan Ross Hideo A Baba Massimo Malago Christoph E Broelsch Guido Gerken Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Hospital EssenHufelandstrasse 5545122 Essen Germany Institute for Medical Informatics Biometry and EpidemiologyUniversity Hospital EssenHufelandstrasse 5545122 EssenGermany Department of General Surgery and Transplantation University Hospital EssenHufelandstrasse 5545122 EssenGermany Institute for Virology University Hospital EssenHufelandstrasse 5545122 EssenGermany Institute for Pathology University Hospital EssenHufelandstrasse 5545122 EssenGermany

AIM： To determine the effects of the calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine and tacrolimus, on hepatitis C virus （HCV） replication and activity of recurrent hepatitis C in patients post liver transplantation. METHODS： The data of a cohort of 107 patients who received liver transplantation for HCV-associated liver cirrhosis between 1999 and 2003 in our center were retrospectively analyzed. The level of serum HCV-RNA and the activity of recurrent hepatitis were compared between 47 patients who received either cyclosporine or tacrolimus as the primary immunosuppressive agent and an otherwise similar immunosuppressive regimen which did not lead to biliary complications within the first 12 mo after transplantation. RESULTS： HCV-RNA increased within 3 mo after transplantation but the differences between the cyclosporine group and the tacrolimus group were insignificant （P=0.49 at 12 too）. In addition, recurrent hepatitis as determined by serum transarninases and histological grading of portal inflammation and fibrosis showed no significant difference after 12 mo （P= 0.34）.CONCLUSION： Cyclosporine or tacrolimus as a primary immunosuppressive agent does not influence the induction or severity of recurrent hepatitis in HCV- infected patients after liver transplantation.

关键词： Cyclosporine Tacrolimus Liver transplantation Recurrent hepatitis HCV-RNA

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Two become one:combination of two risk factors in a new glaucoma animal model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 982-983页

作者： nils Kluge Sabrina Reinehr Experimental Eye Research Institute University Eye HospitalRuhr-University BochumBochumGermany

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)and optic nerve *** this process,the visual field is reduced,and blindness may ultimately ***,glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness,with about 80 million people *** is a multifactorial disease and due to its complexity,the exact pathomechanisms are not fully understood ***,different risk factors,such as elevated intraocular pressure(IOP),age,or myopia,have been identified to date(EGS,2021).

关键词： elevated exact glaucoma

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Controlling the reaction network of Ni/silica derived conversion of bio-oil surrogate guaiacol

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Carbon Resources Conversion 2024年第1期7卷 39-60页

作者： nils Kretzschmar Oliver Busse Markus Seifert Technische Universität Dresden Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry01062 DresdenGermany

Replacing fossil carbon sources with green bio-oils is a promising route to switch to a sustainable chemical industry,although their high oxygen contents are *** hydrodeoxygenation is a favored route to upgrade bio-oils to renewable fuels and basic *** this work,we investigated Ni/SiO2 catalysts with differing metal dispersity in continuous mode conversion of guaiacol with a statistical experimental design for 250℃to 400℃,2 h up to 5 h time on stream(ToS)and subsequently different residence time besides other *** low temperature(250℃)promotes cyclohexanol formation from guaiacol,high temperature(400℃)inhibits hydrogenation,leading to phenol and *** medium temperature(340℃),the selectivity for cyclohexanone *** and cyclohexanone(KA-oil)are the industrial basis for polyamide ***,we clarified the role of 2-methoxycyclohexanol(2MC)in the reaction network towards KA-oil for continuous-mode *** analysis was used to predict and optimize product selectivity and yield,leading to the best yield of cyclohexanone/-ol at 327.5℃,low ToS,medium residence time,high particle dispersity,and medium hydrogen pressure(15 bar(g)).

关键词： Hydrodeoxygenation Design of experiments Bio-oil Nickel silica catalyst Continuous mode flow reactor KA-oil Cyclohexanol Cyclohexanone

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Human Rights and Human Dignity

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China Today 2024年第1期73卷 44-46页

作者： nils BERGEMANN University of International Business and Economics in Beijing

Economic and social progress and better quality of life are crucial to the human rights *** I talk to German friends who have lived in China for a long time-one of them has been in the country for almost 50 years-they confirm what my Chinese friends also tell me:China has become safer,better educated,and more and more open and *** increase in security also indicates an improvement in legal certainty and progress in the field of human rights.

关键词： has legal Human

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A Chinese Century

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China Today 2024年第2期73卷 51-53页

作者： nils BERGEMANN University of International Business and Economics in Beijing

China’s reform and opening-up policy has brought what many generations had toiled for-prosperity,security,and their country’s rightful place in the *** me,China’s reform and opening-up policy,which celebrated its 45th anniversary in 2023,is not an abstract *** a child,I spent a few weeks in China with my parents in the *** in 2011,I made a four-week trip,and in January 2017,I flew in again for a job interview,followed by a mini holiday.

关键词： policy interview anniversary

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气管插管后静脉注射利多卡因可以减轻哮喘患者的支气管收缩

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麻醉与镇痛 2008年第2期4卷 41-45页

作者： Michael Mamzik Harald Groeben Ramin Farahani nils lehmann Juergen Peters 邱必军(译) 俞卫锋(校) Klinik für Anaisthesiologie und Intensivmedizin Institut ftir Medizinische Informatik Biometrie und Epiderniologie Universitatsklinikum Essen Essen Germany 不详

背景尽管预防性静脉注射利多卡因可以减轻气道对多种吸入刺激的反应性，但是其对哮喘患者插管后气道阻力的影响尚不清楚。本文旨在检验哮喘患者静脉注射利多卡因是否可以减轻插管诱发的支气管收缩。方法30例哮喘患者[年龄49．1±15．9... 详细信息

背景尽管预防性静脉注射利多卡因可以减轻气道对多种吸入刺激的反应性，但是其对哮喘患者插管后气道阻力的影响尚不清楚。本文旨在检验哮喘患者静脉注射利多卡因是否可以减轻插管诱发的支气管收缩。方法30例哮喘患者[年龄49．1±15．9岁（均数±标准差）]在常规麻醉诱导（依托咪酯0．3mg／kg，芬太尼5μg/kg，罗库溴铵0．6mg／kg，50％氧化亚氮）后行气管插管。分别在插管后即刻、5、10和15分钟测定气道阻力。插管后5分钟，静脉注射利多卡因（利多卡因2mg／kg在5分钟内静脉推注，并以3mg·kg^-1·h^-1的速度持续输注10分钟）或生理盐水。结果插管后即刻的气道平均阻力为23±12cmH2O·s·L^-1。注射盐水后气道阻力进一步增加38％，但是注射利多卡因后气道阻力较注射前下降（26％，P〈0．004）。结论气管插管后静脉注射利多卡因可以减轻哮喘患者的支气管收缩。

关键词：支气管收缩静脉注射气管插管利多卡因哮喘患者减轻气道阻力生理盐水

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Ca^(2+) binding to the C_(2)E domain of otoferlin is required for hair cell exocytosis and hearing

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Protein & Cell 2024年第4期15卷 305-312页

作者： Han Chen Mehar Monga Qinghua Fang Loujin Slitin Jakob Neef Shashank S.Chepurwar Regina Célia Mingroni Netto Karina Lezirovitz Alfredo Tabith,Jr. Fritz Benseler nils Brose Kathrin Kusch Carolin Wichmann Nicola Strenzke Barbara Vona Julia Preobraschenski Tobias Moser Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Collaborative Research Center 889 University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Neuroscience and Synaptic Nanophysiology Group Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Göttingen Graduate Center for Neurosciences Biophysics and Molecular BiosciencesUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Biochemistry of Membrane Dynamics Group Institute for Auditory NeuroscienceUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Molecular Architecture of Synapses Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Auditory Systems Physiology Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva Centro de Pesquisas sobre o Genoma Humano e Células-TroncoInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Laboratório de Otorrinolaringologia/LIM32 Faculdade de MedicinaHospital das ClínicasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloSP 05508-220Brazil DERDIC Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São PauloSão Paulo 05508-220Brazil Department of Molecular Neurobiology Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences37075 GöttingenGermany Multiscale Bioimaging Cluster of Excellence(MBExC) University of Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Functional Auditory Genomics Group Auditory Neuroscience and Optogenetics LaboratoryGerman Primate Center37077 GöttingenGermany Hearing Genomics Group Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLabUniversity Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany Institute of Human Genetics University Medical Center Göttingen37075 GöttingenGermany

Dear Editor,Afferent synapses of cochlear inner hair cells(IHCs)employ a unique molecular machinery(see extended background in Supplementary Materials).Otoferlin is a key player in this machinery and its defects cause human auditory synaptopathy(Moser and Starr,2016).Otoferlin,a tail-anchored(Vogl et al.,2016)multi-C_(2)-domain protein(Fig.1Ai)specific to hair cells(Roux et al.,2006),is a member of the ferlin protein family involved in membrane trafficking and repair that are of major disease relevance(Pangršičet al.,2012),also see Supplementary *** is distributed broadly within IHCs(Fig.2Ai-Aiii;Pangrsic et al.,2010;Roux et al.,2006).

关键词： auditory hair

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调控铝在ITH沸石骨架中的位置以用于催化甲醇制烯烃

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第1期56卷 114-121页

作者：范凯吴勤明刘烁孔海宇王森 Eduard Kunkes Trees De Baerdemaeker Andrei-Nicolae Parvulescu nils Bottke Toshiyuki Yokoi Dirk E.De Vos 孟祥举张维萍肖丰收浙江省应用化学重点实验室浙江大学化学系中国浙江杭州310028 浙江大学化学与生物工程学院中国浙江杭州310028 大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室中国辽宁大连116012 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所煤转化国家重点实验室中国山西太原030001 巴斯夫股份有限公司德国东京工业大学资源化学研究所日本鲁汶大学表面化学与催化中心比利时

随着低碳烯烃需求量的增加,甲醇制烯烃(MTO)成为由非石油资源制取低碳烯烃的关键技术,其中沸石由于具有可调节的酸度、有序的微孔结构和较好的择型性能而被广泛用作MTO反应催化剂.ITQ-13沸石(ITH拓扑结构)由于其独特的九元环结构在MTO... 详细信息

随着低碳烯烃需求量的增加,甲醇制烯烃(MTO)成为由非石油资源制取低碳烯烃的关键技术,其中沸石由于具有可调节的酸度、有序的微孔结构和较好的择型性能而被广泛用作MTO反应催化剂.ITQ-13沸石(ITH拓扑结构)由于其独特的九元环结构在MTO反应中表现出较好的丙烯选择性和反应寿命,引起了广泛关注.研究表明,分子筛的酸中心分布与MTO反应性能密切相关,因此,研究ITQ-13沸石中铝分布与MTO反应性能的关系,对进一步提升其MTO催化性能具有重要意义.本文分别以与ITH具有共同基本结构单元(双四元环,D4Rs)的LTA沸石(LTA-ITH)和薄水铝石(C-ITH)为铝源,合成了两类铝硅酸盐ITH沸石.X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜以及氮气吸脱附表征结果表明,这两类分子筛具有相似的片状形貌和微孔性质.氨气程序升温脱附结果表明,具有相近硅铝比的两类ITH沸石具有相近的酸量.进一步采用27Al魔角旋转核磁共振(MAS NMR)、密度泛函理论计算和1-己烯裂解反应对两类ITH分子筛的铝分布进行研究.结果表明,两类分子筛具有不同的铝分布,LTA-ITH中有更多的铝进入ITH的正弦孔道与直孔道,而C-ITH中有更多的铝分布在交叉孔道.当前,研究者普遍认为MTO反应过程遵循双循环烃池机理,ITH交叉孔道由于具有较大的空间,相比于正弦孔道和直孔道,更有利于芳烃循环中间体的产生,从而有利于形成芳烃循环产物(乙烯),而正弦孔道和直孔道却更有利于烯烃循环过程,导致产生更多的丙烯.对两类ITH进行了MTO催化性能测试,结果表明,LTA-ITH比C-ITH表现出更高的丙烯选择性,并且表现出更高的丙烯与乙烯的比率,表明其烯烃循环过程得到加强,这与^(27)Al MAS NMR以及1-己烯裂解反应得到的结论一致,进一步证明ITH分子筛的铝分布得到有效调控.综上,本文阐明了ITH沸石中铝分布与其反应性能的关系,为调整沸石骨架中的Al位点提供一种新策略,为未来制备高效的MTO沸石基催化剂提供参考.

关键词：骨架铝分布硅铝ITH分子筛甲醇制烯烃铝核磁

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利用择形分子筛异构化亚甲基二苯胺

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第7期62卷 124-130页

作者： Sam Van Minnebruggen Ka Yan Cheung Trees De Baerdemaeker Niels Van Velthoven Matthias Degelin Galahad O’Rourke Hiroto Toyoda Andree Iemhoff Imke Muller Andrei-Nicolae Parvulescu Torsten Mattke Jens Ferbitz 吴勤明肖丰收 Toshiyuki Yokoi nils Bottke Dirk De Vos 巴斯夫股份有限公司膜分离、吸附、催化和光谱学可持续解决方案中心(cMACS) 比利时巴斯夫股份有限公司研究组德国东京工业大学纳米空间催化研究所横滨日本浙江大学化学系浙江杭州310028

亚甲基二苯胺(MDA)被广泛用作生产聚氨酯和聚异氰脲酸酯的中间体.然而,当前MDA的生产工艺在控制(4,4’/(2,4’+2,2’))异构体比例方面还存在局限.其中,4,4’-MDA被认为是最有价值的异构体.尽管2,4'-MDA在市场上也有一定的需求,但如果能... 详细信息

亚甲基二苯胺(MDA)被广泛用作生产聚氨酯和聚异氰脲酸酯的中间体.然而,当前MDA的生产工艺在控制(4,4’/(2,4’+2,2’))异构体比例方面还存在局限.其中,4,4’-MDA被认为是最有价值的异构体.尽管2,4'-MDA在市场上也有一定的需求,但如果能将其有效地转化为4,4'-MDA,将能显著提升其附加值.本文在使用苯胺的条件下,利用β分子筛等催化剂,通过双分子机制,可以选择性地将2,4'-MDA异构化为4,4'-MDA.尽管实验显示,多种酸性沸石具有较高的异构化活性,但MCM-68(具有MSE拓扑结构)的催化性能尤为出色,它不仅展现出高异构化活性,而且具有很好的选择性.MCM-68主要催化2,4'-MDA异构化为4,4'-MDA,而2,2'-MDA和低聚物的形成则可以忽略不计.本文还深入探讨了该择形作用的原因,并详细研究了酸位置在MSE分子筛孔道限制中的关键作用.

关键词：铝分布多相催化异构化亚甲基二苯胺聚氨酯择形

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3D X-ray microscopy with a CsPbBr3 nanowire scintillator

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1084-1089页

作者： Hanna Dierks Zhaojun Zhang nils Lamers Jesper Wallentin Lund University Synchrotron Radiation Research and NanoLundBox 118SE-22100 LundSweden

X-ray microscopy is an essential imaging method in many scientific fields,which can be extended to three-dimensional(3D)using ***,metal halide perovskite(MHP)nanomaterials have become a promising candidate for X-ray scintillators,due to their high light yield,high spatial resolution,and easy *** requires many projections and therefore scintillators with excellent *** is challenging for MHPs,which often suffer from fast degradation under X-ray irradiation and ambient ***,we demonstrate that MHP scintillators of CsPbBr3 nanowires(diameter:60 nm,length:5–9μm)grown in anodized aluminum oxide(CsPbBr3 NW/AAO)have sufficient stability for X-ray micro-tomography.A tomogram was taken with a Cu X-ray source over 41 h(dose 4.2 Gyair).During this period the scintillator brightness fluctuated less than 5%,which enabled a successful reconstruction.A long-term study with 2 weeks of continuous X-ray exposure(37.5 Gyair)showed less than 14%fluctuations in brightness and no long-term degradation,despite variations in the ambient relative humidity from 7.4%RH to 34.2%*** resolution was stable at(180±20)lp·mm−1,i.e.,about 2.8 *** demonstrates that CsPbBr3 NW/AAO scintillators are promising candidates for high resolution X-ray imaging detectors.

关键词： tomography perovskites scintillators X-ray imaging micrometer spatial resolution

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