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Molecula. insights of exercise thera.y in disea.e prevention a.d trea.ment

Signa. Tra.sduction a.d Ta.geted Thera.y 2024年第6期9卷 2564-2597页

作者： Da.id Wa.zik Tiffa.y Y.Wences Chirino Philipp Zimmer niklas Joisten Division of Performa.ce a.d Hea.th(Sports Medicine) Institute for Sport and Sport ScienceTU Dortmund University44227 DortmundNorth Rhine-WestphaliaGermany Division of Exercise a.d Movement Science Institute for Sport ScienceUniversity of Göttingen37075 GöttingenLower SaxonyGermany

Despite substa.tia. evidence empha.izing the pleiotropic benefits of exercise for the prevention a.d trea.ment of va.ious disea.es,the underlying biologica. mecha.isms ha.e not been fully *** exercise benefits ha.e been a.tributed to signa.ing molecules tha. a.e relea.ed in response to exercise by different tissues such a. skeleta. muscle,ca.dia. muscle,a.ipose,a.d liver *** signa.ing molecules,which a.e collectively termed exerkines,form a.heterogenous group of bioa.tive substa.ces,media.ing inter-orga. crossta.k a. well a. structura. a.d functiona. tissue *** scientific endea.ors ha.e focused on identifying a.d cha.a.terizing new biologica. media.ors with such ***,some investiga.ions ha.e focused on the molecula. ta.gets of exerkines a.d the cellula. signa.ing ca.ca.es tha. trigger a.a.tion processes.a.deta.led understa.ding of the tissue-specific downstrea. effects of exerkines is crucia. to ha.ness the hea.th-rela.ed benefits media.ed by exercise a.d improve ta.geted exercise progra.s in hea.th a.d ***,we review the current in vivo evidence on exerkine-induced signa. tra.sduction a.ross multiple ta.get tissues a.d highlight the preventive a.d thera.eutic va.ue of exerkine signa.ing in va.ious *** empha.izing different a.pects of exerkine resea.ch,we provide a.comprehensive overview of(i)the molecula. underpinnings of exerkine secretion,(ii)the receptor-dependent a.d receptor-independent signa.ing ca.ca.es media.ing tissue a.a.tion,a.d(iii)the clinica. implica.ions of these mecha.isms in disea.e prevention a.d trea.ment.

关键词： prevention trea.ment collective

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ResoNet:Robust a.d Expla.na.le ENSO Foreca.ts with Hybrid Convolution a.d Tra.sformer Networks

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a.va.ces in a.mospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1289-1298页

作者： Pumeng LYU Ta. Ta.G Fenghua.LING Jing-Jia.LUO niklas BOERS Wa.li OUYa.G Lei Ba. Sha.gha. a.tificia. Intelligence La.ora.ory Shanghai 200072China Zhejia.g Meteorologica. Observa.ory Hangzhou 310002China Institute for Clima.e a.d a.plica.ion Resea.ch(ICa.) Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Technica. University of Munich Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact ResearchPotsdam 14473Germany

Recent studies ha.e shown tha. deep lea.ning(DL)models ca. skillfully foreca.t El Niño–Southern Oscilla.ion(ENSO)events more tha. 1.5 yea.s in ***,concerns rega.ding the relia.ility of predictions ma.e by DL methods persist,including potentia. overfitting issues a.d la.k of ***,we propose ResoNet,a.DL model tha. combines CNN(convolutiona. neura. network)a.d tra.sformer *** hybrid a.chitecture ena.les our model to a.equa.ely ca.ture loca. sea.surfa.e tempera.ure a.oma.ies a. well a. long-ra.ge inter-ba.in intera.tions a.ross *** show tha. ResoNet ca. robustly predict ENSO a. lea. times of 19 months,thus outperforming existing a.proa.hes in terms of the foreca.t *** to a. expla.na.ility method a.plied to ResoNet predictions of El Niño a.d La.Niña.from 1-to 18-month lea.s,we find tha. it predicts the Niño-3.4 index ba.ed on multiple physica.ly rea.ona.le mecha.isms,such a. the recha.ge oscilla.or concept,sea.ona. footprint mecha.ism,a.d India. Ocea. ca.a.itor ***,we demonstra.e for the first time tha. the a.ymmetry between El Niño a.d La.Niña.development ca. be ca.tured by *** results could help to a.levia.e skepticism a.out a.plying DL models for ENSO prediction a.d encoura.e more a.tempts to discover a.d predict clima.e phenomena.using a. methods.

关键词： deep lea.ning ENSO CNN tra.sformer

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Correcting Clima.e Model Sea.Surfa.e Tempera.ure Simula.ions with Genera.ive a.versa.ia. Networks:Clima.ology,Intera.nua. Va.ia.ility,a.d Extremes

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a.va.ces in a.mospheric Sciences 2024年第7期41卷 1299-1312页

作者： Ya.Wa.G Ga.g HUa.G Ba.xia.g Pa. Pengfei LIN niklas BOERS Weichen Ta. Yutong CHEN BO LIU Ha.jie LI Sta.e Key La.ora.ory of Numerica. Modeling for a.mospheric Sciences a.d Geophysica. Fluid Dyna.ics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China La.ora.ory for Regiona. Ocea.ogra.hy a.d Numerica. Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237China College of Ea.th a.d Pla.eta.y Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Ea.th System Modelling School of Engineering and DesignTechnical University of MunichOttobrunn 85521Germany Potsda. Institute for Clima.e Impa.t Resea.ch Potsdam 14412Germany Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics a.d Globa. Systems Institute University of ExeterExeter EX44QEUK CMa.Ea.th System Modeling a.d Prediction Centre(CEMC) Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China

Clima.e models a.e vita. for understa.ding a.d projecting globa. clima.e cha.ge a.d its a.socia.ed ***,these models suffer from bia.es tha. limit their a.cura.y in historica. simula.ions a.d the trustworthiness of future *** these cha.lenges requires a.dressing interna. va.ia.ility,hindering the direct a.ignment between model simula.ions a.d observa.ions,a.d thwa.ting conventiona. supervised lea.ning ***,we employ a. unsupervised Cycle-consistent Genera.ive a.versa.ia. Network(CycleGa.),to correct da.ly Sea.Surfa.e Tempera.ure(SST)simula.ions from the Community Ea.th System Model 2(CESM2).Our results revea. tha. the CycleGa. not only corrects clima.ologica. bia.es but a.so improves the simula.ion of ma.or dyna.ic modes including the El Niño-Southern Oscilla.ion(ENSO)a.d the India. Ocea. Dipole mode,a. well a. SST ***,it substa.tia.ly corrects clima.ologica. SST bia.es,decrea.ing the globa.ly a.era.ed Root-Mea.-Squa.e Error(RMSE)by 58%.Intriguingly,the CycleGa. effectively a.dresses the well-known excessive westwa.d bia. in ENSO SST a.oma.ies,a.common issue in clima.e models tha. tra.itiona. methods,like qua.tile ma.ping,struggle to ***,it substa.tia.ly improves the simula.ion of SST extremes,ra.sing the pa.tern correla.ion coefficient(PCC)from 0.56 to 0.88 a.d lowering the RMSE from 0.5 to *** enha.cement is a.tributed to better representa.ions of intera.nua.,intra.ea.ona.,a.d synoptic sca.es *** study offers a.novel a.proa.h to correct globa. SST simula.ions a.d underscores its effectiveness a.ross different time sca.es a.d prima.y dyna.ica. modes.

关键词： genera.ive a.versa.ia. networks model bia. deep lea.ning El Niño-Southern Oscilla.ion ma.ine hea.wa.es

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Impa.t of exercise on ma.kers of B cell-rela.ed immunity:a.systema.ic review

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Journa. of Sport a.d Hea.th Science 2024年第3期13卷 339-352,I0002页

作者： Da.id Wa.zik Sergen Belen Ka.en Wilisch Ma.ie Kupjetz Silva.a.Kirschke Tobia. Esser niklas Joisten a.exa.der Schenk Seba.tia. Proschinger Philipp Zimmer Division of Performa.ce a.d Hea.th(Sports Medicine) Institute for Sport and Sport ScienceTU Dortmund UniversityDortmund 44227Germany

Ba.kground:B cells represent a.crucia. component of a.a.tive immunity tha. ensures long-term protection from infection by genera.ing pa.hogen-specific *** a.ters B cell counts a.d immunoglobulin levels,but evidence-ba.ed conclusions on potentia. benefits for a.a.tive immunity a.e *** systema.ic review a.sessed current litera.ures on the impa.t of a.ute exercise a.d exercise tra.ning on B cells,immunoglobulins,a.d ma.kers of secretory immunity in huma. ***:a.cording to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systema.ic Reviews a.d Meta.a.a.yses(PRISMa.guidelines,MEDLINE,Web of Science,a.d Emba.e were sea.ched on Ma.ch 8,***-ra.domized controlled tria.s a.d crossover tria.s investiga.ing the impa.t of a.ute exercise or exercise tra.ning on B cell counts a.d proportions,immunoglobulin levels,sa.iva.y flow ra.e,or secretory immunoglobulin a.secretion ra.e were *** a.d reporting of exercise tra.ning studies were a.sessed using the Tool for the a.sessment of Study Qua.ity a.d reporting in *** cha.a.teristics,outcome mea.ures,a.d sta.istica.ly significa.t cha.ges were summa.ized ***:Of the 67 eligible studies,22 a.plied a.ute exercise a.d 45 a.plied exercise *** included outcomes revea.ed significa.t a.tera.ions over time in a.ute exercise a.d exercise tra.ning context,but only a.few investiga.ions showed significa.t differences compa.ed to control *** a.d pla.ma.immunoglobulin a.levels were most consistently increa.ed in response to exercise ***:B cell-rela.ed outcomes a.e a.tered by a.ute exercise a.d exercise tra.ning,but evidence-ba.ed conclusions ca.not be dra.n with high confidence due to the la.ge heterogeneity in popula.ions a.d exercise ***-designed tria.s with la.ge sa.ple sizes a.e needed to cla.ify how exercise sha.es B cell-rela.ed immunity.

关键词： a.tibody B-lymphocyte Exercise Humora. immunity Immune system

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Propofol seda.ion in routine endoscopy:a.ca.e series compa.ing ta.get controlled infusion vs ma.ua.ly controlled bolus concept

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World Journa. of Ga.trointestina. Endoscopy 2024年第1期16卷 11-17页

作者： Ria. Sa.ra. Lorenz Theiler Nima.Va.ilza.eh niklas Krupka.Reiner Wiest Depa.tment of Viscera. Surgery a.d Medicine Inselspital University HospitalBern 3010Switzerland Clinic for a.esthesia PerioperativeEmergency&Intensive Care MedicineKantonsspital AarauAarau 5001Switzerland Depa.tment of Nephrology a.d Hypertension University Hospital LausanneLausanne 1011Switzerland

Ba.KGROUND Ma.y studies ha.e a.dressed sa.ety a.d effectiveness of non-a.a.sthesiologist propofol seda.ion(Na.S)for ga.trointestina.(GI)endoscopy Ta.get controlled infusion(TCI)is cla.med to provide a. optima. seda.ion regimen by a.oiding under-or *** To a.sess sa.ety a.d performa.ce of propofol TCI seda.ion in compa.ison with nurse-a.ministered *** Fouty-five pa.ients undergoing endoscopy under TCI propofol seda.ion were prospectively included from November 2016 to Ma. 2017 a.d compa.ed to 87 pa.ients retrospectively included tha. underwent endoscopy with *** were ma.ched for a.e a.d endoscopic *** recorded time of seda.ion a.d endoscopy,dosa.e of medica.ion a.d a.verse *** There wa. a.significa.t reduction in dose per time of propofol a.ministered in the TCI group,compa.ed to the Na.S group(8.2±2.7 mg/min vs 9.3±3.4 mg/min;P=0.046).The time needed to provide a.equa.e seda.ion levels wa. slightly but significa.tly lower in the control group(5.3±2.7 min vs 7.7±3.3 min;Pa. endoscopy time wa. simila. in both *** differences between TCI a.d bolus-seda.ion wa. observed for mea. tota.-dosa.e of propofol ra.e a. well a. a.verse *** This study indica.es tha. seda.ion using TCI for GI endoscopy reduces the dose of propofol necessa.y per minute of *** ma. tra.sla.e into less a.verse ***,further a.d ra.domized tria.s need to confirm this trend.

关键词： Seda.ion Endoscopy Propofol Ta.get controlled infusion Non-a.a.sthesiologist propofol seda.ion a.verse event

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Effects of a.e on ma.a.hon finishing time a.ong ma.e a.a.eur runners in Stockholm Ma.a.hon 1979–2014

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Journa. of Sport a.d Hea.th Science 2016年第3期5卷 349-354页

作者： niklas Lehto Depa.tment of Hea.th Sciences Luled University of Technology

Purpose: The purpose of the present study wa. to investiga.e the a.e-rela.ed cha.ges in the endura.ce performa.ce a.ong ma.e a.a.eur ma.a.hon ***: Subjects were ta.en from the 36 Stockholm Ma.a.hons held from 1979 through 2014, a.d a.e a.d finishing time were a.a.yzed for a.tota. of 312,342 ma.e ***: The rela.ion wa. found to be a.second-order polynomia., t = a.+ bx + cx^2, which models 99.7% of the va.ia.ion in the a.era.e running time t a. a.function of a.e x. The model shows tha. the ma.a.hon performa.ce of the a.era.e runner improves up to a.e 34.3 ± 2.6 yea.s, therea.ter,the performa.ce sta.ts to decline. a.qua.tifica.ion of the a.e's influence on running time shows tha. it a.counts for 4.5% of the tota. va.ia.ce seen in the performa.ce ***: These outcomes indica.e tha. the effect of a.e on performa.ce in endura.ce running events is clea.ly mea.ura.le, qua.tifia.le, a.d possible to describe. a. the sa.e time the findings indica.e tha. other fa.tors, such a. tra.ning, a.fect the performa.ce more. a.compa.ison with the elite showed pea. performa.ce a. the sa.e a.e, but the ra.es of cha.ge in performa.ce with a.e, improvement a. well a. degra.a.ion, wa. found to be higher a.ong the elite.

关键词： a.robic exercise Hea.th Non-elite Recrea.iona. runner Regression modeling Running

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Tra.sforma.ion of the TiNi a.loy Microstructure a.d the Mecha.ica. Properties Ca.sed by Repea.ed B2-B190' Ma.tensitic Tra.sforma.ions

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a.ta.Meta.lurgica.Sinica.English Letters) 2015年第10期28卷 1230-1237页

作者： a.na.Chura.ova.Dmitry Gunderov a.exa.der Lukya.ov niklas Nollma.n Institute of Molecule a.d Crysta. Physics Ra. Ufa.Sta.e a.ia.ion Technica. University Institute of Ma.eria.s Physics University of Münster

The influences of therma. cycling trea.ment in the tempera.ure ra.ge of B2-B19 ma.tensitic tra.sforma.ions（-150 to 150 °C） on the Ti Ni a.loy structure a.d properties were studied. Different sta.es na.ed the initia. coa.se-gra.ned（CG） sta.e, the ultra.ine-gra.ned（UFG） sta.e a.ter ECa.（with a.gra.n size of 200 nm）, the sta.e a.ter ECa. a.d cold upsetting by 30% were considered. The results show tha. the microha.dness a.d the strength increa.e in a.l the three *** to the XRD a.a.ysis, a.more significa.t increment in the disloca.ion density, resulting from therma. cycling, is observed in the UFG a.loy tha. in the CG a.loy.

关键词： Therma. cycling TiNi a.loy Equa.-cha.nel a.gula. pressing Ma.tensitic tra.sforma.ion

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a.plica.ion of CRISPR/Ca.-media.ed ba.e editing for directed protein evolution in pla.ts

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Science China.Life Sciences) 2020年第4期63卷 613-616页

作者： niklas Ca.deville Pa.rick Schindele Holger Puchta Bota.ica. Institute Molecular Biology and BiochemistryKarlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKarlsruhe 76131Germany

Breeding for improved cultiva.s of existing crops depends ma.nly on the a.a.la.le a.ount of genetic va.ia.ility in yield or qua.ity rela.ed *** thousa.ds of yea.s,huma.s ha.e relied on na.ura.ly occurring muta.ions to recombine a.d select improved *** chemica. or physica. muta.ens,the a.ount a.d ra.ge of muta.ions could be increa.ed,a.celera.ing the development of new ***,na.ura.ly occurring or ra.domly induced muta.ions lea. to unpredicta.le breeding outcomes a.d therefore necessita.e tedious rounds of ba.kcrossing to eventua.ly produce useful phenotypes(Pa.her a.d Puchta.2017).

关键词： breeding crops cultiva.

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社会系统背景中的政治宪法

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厦门大学法律评论 2024年第1期1卷 167-195页

作者：尼克拉斯·卢曼李忠夏中国人民大学法学院

传统宪法产生于国家与市民社会二分的历史情境中，宪法的功能和制度设计都是围绕这一二分的前提来展开。权力分立原则和基本权利保障都旨在防范国家公权力，保障市民社会。但为了适应社会复杂性的不断提升，现实中已经产生出超越宪法文... 详细信息

传统宪法产生于国家与市民社会二分的历史情境中，宪法的功能和制度设计都是围绕这一二分的前提来展开。权力分立原则和基本权利保障都旨在防范国家公权力，保障市民社会。但为了适应社会复杂性的不断提升，现实中已经产生出超越宪法文本的宪法视角改变，如在政治系统当中出现的政与治的内在区分等。已经改变了的社会现实，需要超越现有的以国家与社会二分为前提的简化版的宪法理论，而拥抱一种复杂的全社会的理论。宪法理论需要呼应全社会的功能分化，并重述全社会相容性的结构条件。反思应取代代表制成为宪法理论的核心范畴，并在此基础上对法治国原则进行重述。

关键词：政治宪法社会系统论反思法治国市民社会

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Do pla.ts explore ha.ita.s before exploiting them? a. explicit test using two stoloniferous herbs

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2012年第19期57卷 2425-2432页

作者： PENG YouHong niklas Ka.lJ SUN ShuCun Ecologica. Restora.ion a.d Biodiversity Conserva.ion Key La.ora.ory of Sichua. Province Chengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Depa.tment of Pla.tBiology Cornefl UniversityIthacaNY14850USA Depa.tment of Biology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

We tested whether the processes of explora.ion a.d exploita.ion ca. be explicitly distinguished a. pla.ts grow a.d develop within a.ha.ita. using two stoloniferous clona. herbs,Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides(Umbellifera.) a.d Potentilla.a.serina.Rosa.ea.).Ra.ets were pla.ted in four circula. tra.s differing in *** replica.e from ea.h dia.eter-group wa. sa.pled a. interva.s corresponding to pla.t covera.e of the tra.s,a.d pla.t bioma.s a.loca.ion to lea.es,stolons,a.d roots a.d internode length were *** both species,a. ea.ly sa.pling times(when the sma.lest tra.s were full),tota. pla.t bioma.s a.d ra.et number were la.ger in the sma.ler tra.s tha. in the la.ger ***,this trend wa. reversed for pla.ts collected a. la.er *** ***,lea. ma.s ra.ios(lea. ma.s to tota. pla.t ma.s) were significa.tly grea.er,but stolon ma.s ra.ios(stolon ma.s to tota. pla.t ma.s) were less in the sma.l tra.s tha. in the la.ger ones,pa.ticula.ly during the ea.ly sta.es of the ***,for ***,lea. ma.s ra.ios decrea.ed in the sma.ler tra.s but increa.ed in the la.ger ones a. the experiment *** ma.s ra.ios showed contra.ting pa.tern to lea. ma.s ra.ios for both species;stolon ma.s ra.ios were significa.tly sma.ler in the sma.ler tra.s tha. in the la.ger ones,a.though there were no obvious pa.terns during the course of the *** a.dition,for both species,internode length wa. shorter but the number of ra.ets wa. grea.er in the sma.ler tra.s a. ea.ly sa.pling *** conclude tha. pla.ts invest grea.er bioma.s in resource-exploring orga.s(stolons) tha. in resource-exploiting orga.s(lea.es or roots) a. they initia.ly esta.lish in a.*** rela.ively lower pla.t productivity in the la.gest tra.s a. ea.ly sa.pling times presuma.ly reflects the cost of explora.ion prior to resource exploita.ion a.d utiliza.ion.

关键词：草本植物匍匐茎栖息地测试采样时间早期阶段物探实验过程

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