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中国栽培植物野生近缘种及其保护对策

生物多样性 2013年第6期21卷 750-757页

作者：于燕波王群亮 Shelagh Kell nigel maxted Brian V. Ford-Lloyd 魏伟康定明马克平中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院北京100193 School of Biosciences University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B 15 2TT UK 中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室北京100093 山东省微山县农业局山东微山277600

栽培植物野生近缘种资源是植物遗传资源的重要组成部分,拥有独特的生物学特性,在应对气候变化和保证粮食安全方面具有极大潜力和价值。根据我们的初步调查,我国拥有24,000多种栽培植物野生近缘种,其中大多数能够为栽培植物的品种改良提... 详细信息

栽培植物野生近缘种资源是植物遗传资源的重要组成部分,拥有独特的生物学特性,在应对气候变化和保证粮食安全方面具有极大潜力和价值。根据我们的初步调查,我国拥有24,000多种栽培植物野生近缘种,其中大多数能够为栽培植物的品种改良提供支持。迁地保护(如种质库)能够收集和保存丰富的遗传资源,但却无法替代能够包含自然进化信息的原生境保护。我国已经建立了169个栽培植物野生近缘种原生境保护区(点),迫切需要制定国家栽培植物野生近缘种保护策略和行动计划,鉴别国家和地区水平上需要优先保护的物种,以及采取步骤,整合迁地和原生境保护方法,达到保护这些优先物种的目的。本文总结了我国栽培植物野生近缘种及其保护所取得的进展,介绍了国内外在植物遗传资源保护利用方面的成功经验,并提出了我国栽培植物野生近缘种的保护策略:建议首先开展栽培植物野生近缘种资源编目工作,并结合国家和地区的环境与资源状况的国际标准,确定优先保护种类;针对不同种类,采取迁地保护和原生境保护相结合的方法保护栽培植物野生近缘种资源。

关键词：栽培植物野生近缘种原生境保护遗传资源保护对策气候变化

Etiology and management of urethral calculi:A systematic review of contemporary series

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 10-18页

作者： Andrew Morton Arsalan Tariq nigel Dunglison Rachel Esler Matthew J.Roberts Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Ipswich HospitalQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research HerstonAustralia

Objective:To conduct a systematic literature review on urethral calculi in a contemporary cohort describing etiology,investigation,and management ***:A systematic search of MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)databases was ***,including case reports and case series on urethral calculi published between January 2000 and December 2019,were ***-text manuscripts were reviewed for clinical parameters including symptomatology,etiology,medical history,investigations,treatment,and *** were collated and analyzed with univariate ***:Seventy-four publications met inclusion criteria,reporting on 95 *** symptoms(41.1%),pain(40.0%),and acute urinary retention(32.6%)were common presenting *** calculi were most often initially investigated using plain X-ray(63.2%),with almost all radio-opaque(98.3%).Urethral calculi were frequently associated with coexistent bladder or upper urinary tract calculi(16.8%)and underlying urethral pathology(53.7%)including diverticulum(33.7%)or stricture(13.7%).Urethral calculi were most commonly managed with external urethrolithotomy(31.6%),retrograde manipulation(22.1%),and endoscopic in situ lithotripsy(17.9%).Conclusion:This unique systematic review of urethral calculi provided a summary of clinical features and treatment trends with a suggested treatment *** in contemporary urological practice should be according to calculus size,shape,anatomical location,and presence of urethral pathology.

关键词： Urinary calculi Urethra Urethral calculi Management algorithm

The variation of DOM during long distance water transport by the China South to North Water Diversion Scheme and impact on drinking water treatment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 85-100页

作者： Hankun Yang Yujuan Li Hongyu Liu nigel J.D.Graham Xue Wu Jiawei Hou Mengjie Liu Wenyu Wang Wenzheng Yu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and TechnologyResearch Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085China School of Environment and Municipal Engineering Qingdao Technological UniversityQingdao266033China Colleges of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150006China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane Processes School of Environment Science and EngineeringTiangong UniversityTianjin300387China

In this study,samples were taken from three locations,upstream to downstream,along the central route project of the China South to North Water Diversion(SNWD)scheme in summer and *** were used to reveal the variations of dissolved organic matter(DOM)during the water transfer process,and the effects of these variations on drinking water treatment and disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPs-FP).The results showed that polysaccharides accumulate in summer and reduce in winter with flow distance,which has an important effect on the overall properties of DOM,as well as on the performance of coagulation,ultrafiltration,and the formation of *** substances,and their hydrophilic content,also increased in summer and decreased in winter with flow *** contrast,the concentration of small organic substances(MW≤1000 Da)increased in both summer and winter with flow distance,which affected both nanofiltration(NF)membrane fouling and *** results provide a useful case study of spatial and temporal changes in raw water DOM during long distance water transfer and their impact on the treatment and quality of drinking water from the SNWD.

关键词： Long-distance water transfer The China South to North Water Diversion Scheme Coagulation Membrane filtration Disinfection by-products

A machine learning driven 3D+1D model for efficient characterization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Energy and AI

Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 281-294页

作者： Yuwei Pan Haijun Ruan Billy Wu Yagya N.Regmi Huizhi Wang nigel P.Brandon Department of Earth Science and Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Dyson School of Design Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Centre for E-Mobility and Clean Growth Coventry UniversityCoventry CV15FBUK Manchester Fuel Cell Innovation Centre Department of Natural SciencesManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchester M15GDUK Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK

The computational demands of 3D continuum models for proton exchange membrane fuel cells remain substantial. One prevalent approach is the hierarchical model combining a 2D/3D flow field with a 1D sub-model for the catalyst layers and membrane. However, existing studies often simplify the 1D domain to a linearized 0D lumped model, potentially resulting in significant errors at high loads. In this study, we present a computationally efficient neural network driven 3D+1D model for proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The 3D sub-model captures transport in the gas channels and gas diffusion layers and is coupled with a 1D electrochemical sub-model for microporous layers, membrane, and catalyst layers. To reduce computational intensity of the full 1D description, a neural network surrogates the 1D electrochemical sub-model for coupling with the 3D domain. Trained by model-generated large synthetic datasets, the neural network achieves root mean square errors of less than 0.2%. The model is validated against experimental results under various relative humidities. It is then employed to investigate the nonlinear distribution of internal states under different operating conditions. With the neural network operating at 0.5% of the computing cost of the 1D sub-model, the hybrid model preserves a detailed and nonlinear representation of the internal fuel cell states while maintaining computational costs comparable to conventional 3D+0D models. The presented hybrid data-driven and physical modeling framework offers high accuracy and computing speed across a broad spectrum of operating conditions, potentially aiding the rapid optimization of both the membrane electrode assembly and the gas channel geometry.

关键词： Proton exchange membrane fuel cell Hierarchical model Neural network Hybrid model

From source to emplacement:The origin of leucogranites from the Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayas,India

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 384-401页

作者： Tanya Srivastava nigel Harris Catherine Mottram Kumar Batuk Joshi Nishchal Wanjari Department of Geology Sikkim UniversityGangtokIndia School of Environment Earth&Ecosystem SciencesOpen UniversityMiltonKeynesUK School of the Environment Geography and GeosciencesUniversity of PortsmouthUK National Centre for Earth Science Studies ThiruvananthapuramKeralaIndia

Himalayan leucogranites are important for understanding the tectonic evolution of collision zones in general and the causes of crustal melting in the Himalayan orogen in *** paper aims to understand the melt source and emplacement age of the leucogranites from Sikkim in order to decipher the deep geodynamic processes of the eastern *** U-Pb analysis of the Higher Himalayan Sequence(HHS)metamorphic core reveals a prolonged period of crustal melting between>33 Ma and ca.14 *** and trace element abundances are presented for 27 leucogranites from North Sikkim that are classified into two-mica and tourmaline leucogranite *** are peraluminous in composition,characterized by high SiO2(70.91-74.9 wt.%),Al2O3(13.69-15.82 wt.%),and low MgO(0.13-0.74 wt.%).Elemental abundances suggest that Sikkim Himalayan leucogranites are derived from crustal *** two-mica leucogranites are derived from a metagreywacke source,whereas the tourmaline leucogranites are sourced from metapelitic sources,with inherited zircons indicating an HHS origin for both types.U-Pb zircon geochronology of the two mica leucogranites indicates ages of ca.19-15 Ma,consistent with crustal melting recorded in HHS gneisses from *** from both the two-mica and tourmaline leucogranites yield a crystallization age of ca.15-14 Ma,coeval with movement on the Main Central Thrust and South Tibetan Detachment System which further provides constraints on the timing and mechanism of petrogenesis of leucogranites in the Sikkim Himalayas.

关键词： Leucogranites Gneiss U-Pb geochronology Zircon Monazite Sikkim-Darjeeling Himalayas

Enhancing the clinical relevance of haemorrhage prediction models in trauma

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 467-468页

作者： Sankalp Tandle Jared M.Wohlgemut Max E.R.Marsden Erhan Pisirir Evangelia Kyrimi Rebecca S.Stoner William Marsh Zane B.Perkins nigel R.M.Tai Centre for Trauma Sciences Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUK The Royal London Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11FRUK Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma Research and Clinical InnovationThe Royal Centre for Defence MedicineBirmingham B152WBUK Department of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

We read with interest the recent systematic reviewaArtificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma careoby Peng et al.[1],which evaluated literature on machine learning(ML)in the management of trau... 详细信息

关键词： Trauma Injury Blood transfusion Massive transfusion Prediction Artificial intelligence Machine learning

黄土高原4种高糖黑麦草在不同刈割方式下的营养价值评价

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草地学报 2024年

作者：邹敏成慧宁娇李腾飞谢凯丽 Eun Joong Kim nigel Scollan 常生华侯扶江草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室兰州大学草地农业科技学院 Department of Animal Science， Kyungpook National University Institute of Biological， Environmental and Rural Sciences， Aberystwyth University

为探究刈割方式对高糖黑麦草营养价值的影响，在黄土高原种植了‘AberStar’‘AberMagic’‘AberAvon’和‘Premium’4种高糖黑麦草（High sugar ryegrass，HSR），并进行了动态取样，研究多次刈割和一次刈割两种刈割方式对其产量、营... 详细信息

为探究刈割方式对高糖黑麦草营养价值的影响，在黄土高原种植了‘AberStar’‘AberMagic’‘AberAvon’和‘Premium’4种高糖黑麦草（High sugar ryegrass，HSR），并进行了动态取样，研究多次刈割和一次刈割两种刈割方式对其产量、营养品质动态和稳定性的影响，并完成了综合评价。结果表明，在牧草的生长过程中，4个品种多次刈割的产量均高于一次刈割，但产量稳定性低于一次刈割5.38%～23.91%。多次刈割的粗蛋白含量稳定性显著高于一次刈割（P<0.05），可溶性碳水化合物稳定性最低为31.77%～45.20%。4个品种的再生速度和再生强度呈先升后降趋势，多次刈割的再生速度和再生强度分别高于一次刈割18.12%～105.21%和18.41%～92.63%，并在108 d时达到最高。多次刈割的食物当量显著高于一次刈割（P<0.05）。在所有处理组合中，‘AberStar’品种进行多次刈割产量和品质表现最佳。本研究确定了高产优质的高糖黑麦草品种及其刈割方式，将为黄土高原地区高糖黑麦草的栽培管理措施提供科学依据。

关键词：高糖黑麦草黄土高原营养品质产草量

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拉纳酒店及拉纳住宅公寓

世界建筑导报 2024年第3期39卷 123-126页

作者： nigel Young(摄) AHMED ALNAJI(摄) Cai Yunpu(摄) 福斯特建筑事务所

位于迪拜市中心和迪拜设计区(Dubai Design District)之间的马拉西码头(Marasi Marina)边缘的新滨海区域将成为这座城市的主要奢华生活方式目的地。新开发项目坐落在一条12公里长的海滨长廊的中心,长廊内设有浮动别墅和宽敞的游艇泊位... 详细信息

位于迪拜市中心和迪拜设计区(Dubai Design District)之间的马拉西码头(Marasi Marina)边缘的新滨海区域将成为这座城市的主要奢华生活方式目的地。新开发项目坐落在一条12公里长的海滨长廊的中心,长廊内设有浮动别墅和宽敞的游艇泊位。横穿开发项目的七个垂直花园是设计的环境和社会焦点。每个花园都创造了一种新的生活方式体验,丰富了客人和居民的生活。整座建筑被抬离地面,在码头和通往建筑的道路之间建立了视觉联系,同时在场地中间创造了一个景观公共空间。新长廊两侧林立着商店、餐馆和咖啡馆,被称为海滨花园,为海滨边缘增添了活力。

关键词：公共空间垂直花园住宅公寓咖啡馆滨海区域奢华生活拉纳酒店

A cluster line approach to finding new Fe-B-Y-Nb-Zr bulk metallic glasses

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2007年第S1期15卷 26-30页

作者： nigel Pemberton-Pigott State Key Laboratory of Materials Modification Dalian University of Technology

The glass forming ability of the [(Fe12/13Y1/13)100?xBx]96Nb2Zr2 (x=9–26) system was investigated using a series of cluster lines. Three types of clusters, an icosahedron (Fe12Y), a capped Archimedes anti-prism (Fe8B3) and a capped trigonal prism (Fe9B), as well as a binary eutectic (Fe83B17) were considered. Bulk glassy alloy rods of 3 mm in diameter were synthesized using a copper mold suction-casting method. The glass transition temperature was observed for all samples in the boron range of 15.9at%-25.7at%, with the alloy at 15.9at% of boron having the best thermal properties. The ferrous-based bulk metallic glasses (BMG) obtained have high reduced glass transition temperatures with the maximum reaching 0.63 and large supercooled liquid regions with the maximum reaching 111 K. Magnetic testing revealed a large value of coercive force and remanent magnetization, being 11 kA/m and 0.1 T, re- spectively.

关键词： bulk metallic glasses Fe-B-Y-Nb-Zr alloys composition design cluster line