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Enta.g.ed photon pa.r g.nera.ion in a. integ.a.ed SiC pla.form

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Lig.t(Science & a.plica.ions) 2024年第6期13卷 1041-1046页

作者： a.oua. Ra.mouni Ruixua. Wa.g.Jing.ei Li Xia. Ta.g.Thoma. g.rrits oliver Sla.tery.Qing.Li Lijun ma Na.iona. Institute of Sta.da.ds a.d Technolog. 100 Bureau DrGaithersburgMD20899USA Depa.tment of Electrica. a.d Computer Eng.neering Carnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPA15213USA

Enta.g.ement pla.s a.vita. role in qua.tum informa.ion *** to its unique ma.eria. properties,silicon ca.bide recently.emerg.d a. a.promising.ca.dida.e for the sca.a.le implementa.ion of a.va.ced qua.tum informa.ion processing.*** da.e,however,only.enta.g.ement of nuclea. spins ha. been reported in silicon ca.bide,while a. enta.g.ed photon source,whether it is ba.ed on bulk or chip-sca.e technolog.es,ha. rema.ned ***,we report the demonstra.ion of a. enta.g.ed photon source in a. integ.a.ed silicon ca.bide pla.form for the first ***,strong.y.correla.ed photon pa.rs a.e efficiently.g.nera.ed a. the telecom C-ba.d wa.eleng.h throug. implementing.sponta.eous four-wa.e mixing.in a.compa.t microring.resona.or in the 4H-silicon-ca.bide-on-insula.or *** ma.imum coincidence-to-a.cidenta. ra.io exceeds 600 a. a.pump power of 0.17 mW,corresponding.to a.pa.r g.nera.ion ra.e of(9±1)×10^(3) pa.rs/***-time enta.g.ement is crea.ed a.d verified for such sig.a.-idler photon pa.rs,with the two-photon interference fring.s exhibiting.a.visibility.la.g.r tha. 99%.The hera.ded sing.e-photon properties a.e a.so mea.ured,with the hera.ded g.((2))(0)on the order of 10^(−3),demonstra.0}g.the SiC pla.form a. a.prospective fully.integ.a.ed,complementa.y.meta.-oxide-semiconductor compa.ible sing.e-photon source for qua.tum a.plica.ions.

关键词： qua.tum coincidence mixing

Implementa.ion of a.New Solution for the Preserva.ion of a.a.omica. Specimens Ma.e of Non-Toxic Substa.ces

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Open Journa. of Veterina.y.Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 56-67页

作者： Ma.Rey.s Picha.do-Molinero Sa.a.tha.Ja.don-Xicotenca.l Misa.l R. oliver-g.nzález Ca.los g. g.0}cía.Tova. La.ora.orio de a.oy. Técnico a.la.a.a.omía Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Estado de México Mexico Unida. de Investig.0}ión Multidisciplina.ia.L4 (Morfolog.a.Veterina.ia.y.Biolog.a.Celula.) Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Estado de México Mexico

The preserva.ion of a.a.omica. pieces in Veterina.y.a.a.omy.is essentia. since it is not possible to dissect a.l domestic species. Most techniques use rea.ents with hig. levels of toxicity.such a. forma.dehy.e. The objective of this work wa. to develop a.new preserva.ion technique tha. uses rea.ents with zero toxicity.a.d tha. a.lows obta.ning.preserved pieces suita.le for a.a.omica. studies. The a.cohol propy.ene g.y.ol technique wa. developed, the method of which uses a.fixa.ion step with a.cohol, sodium chloride, commercia. vineg.0} a.d subsequently.the impreg.a.ion of the preserva.ion solution ma.e from propy.ene g.y.ol a.d commercia. vineg.0}, which a.e non-toxic. a. a.result of this work, a.equa.ely.preserved sheep hea.ts were obta.ned tha. preserved their morpholog. with slig.t cha.g.s in size a.d weig.t, which did not a.fect their externa. a.d interna. a.a.omica. structure. Its colora.ion wa. not substa.tia.ly.a.fected, rema.ning.a.little lig.ter. The pieces obta.ned showed flexibility.which a.lowed dissections to be ca.ried out. The time to develop the technique wa. 20 da.s. a.compa.a.ive study.wa. ca.ried out with the phenola.ed g.y.erin technique tha. uses toxic rea.ents (forma.dehy.e a.d phenol) a.d the pieces obta.ned with the a.cohol propy.ene g.y.ol technique were of better qua.ity. observing.tha. the pieces with phenola.ed g.y.erin tend to da.ken a.d a.e more rig.d. a.d the time to develop the technique is 24 da.s. In conclusion, a.preserva.ion technique for a.a.omica. pieces wa. developed tha. a.lowed the preserva.ion of the org.0}s under study. which a.low their use for a.a.omica. studies, a.d which ha.e been preserved without cha.g.s until the time of this publica.ion (8 months) a.d there a.e pieces preserved with this technique for 2 y.a.s.

关键词： Veterina.y.a.a.omy Hea.t Preserva.ion Techniques a.cohol Propy.ene g.y.ol Technique Fixa.ion Necropsy Toxic Chemica.s

La.k of support for Rensch＇s rule in a. intra.pecific test using.red flour beetle （Tribo/ium ca.ta.eum） popula.ions

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Insect Science 2017年第1期24卷 133-140页

作者： oliver y. ma.tin Luka.z Micha.czy. a.na.L. Milla.d Brent C. Emerson Ma.thew J. g. g.2}e School of Biolog.ca. Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich Research Park Norwich NR4 7T J United Kingdom ETH Zurich Experimental Ecology Institute of Integrative Biology D-USYS Universitatsstrasse 16 CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Depa.tment of Entomolog. Institute of Zoology Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 9 30-387 Krakow Poland Isla.d Ecolog. a.d Evolution Resea.ch g.oup (IPNa.CSIC) CIAstrofisico Francisco Sanchez 3 38206 La Laguna Tenerife Canary Islands Spain

Rensch＇s rule proposes a.universa. a.lometric sca.ing.phenomenon a.ross species where sexua. size dimorphism （SSD） ha. evolved： in ta.a.with ma.e-bia.ed dimorphism, deg.ee of SSD should increa.e with overa.l body.size, a.d in ta.a.with fema.e-bia.ed dimorphism, deg.ee of SSD should decrea.e with increa.ing.a.era.e body.size. Rensch＇s rule a.pea.s to hold widely.a.ross ta.a.where SSD is ma.e-bia.ed, but not consistently.when SSD is fema.e-bia.ed. Furthermore, studies a.dressing.this question within species a.e ra.e, so it rema.ns unclea. whether this rule a.plies a. the intra.pecific level. We a.sess body.size a.d SSD within Tribolium ca.ta.eum （Herbst）, a.species where fema.es a.e la.g.r tha. ma.es, using.21 popula.ions derived from sepa.a.e loca.ions a.ross the world, a.d ma.nta.ned in isola.ed la.ora.ory.culture for a. lea.t 20 y.a.s. Body.size, a.d hence SSD pa.terns, a.e hig.ly.susceptible to va.ia.ions in tempera.ure, diet qua.ity.a.d other environmenta. fa.tors. Crucia.ly. here we nullify.interference of such confounds a. a.l popula.ions were ma.nta.ned under identica. conditions （simila. densities, sta.da.d diet a.d exposed to identica. tempera.ure, rela.ive humidity.a.d photoperiod）. We mea.ured thirty.beetles of ea.h sex for a.l popula.ions, a.d found body.size va.ia.ion a.ross popula.ions, a.d （a. expected） fema.e-bia.ed SSD in a.l popula.ions. We test whether Rensch＇s rule holds for our popula.ions, but find isometry. i.e. no a.lometry.for SSD. Our results thus show tha. Rensch＇s rule does not hold a.ross popula.ions within this species. Our intra.pecific test ma.ches previous interspecific studies showing.tha. Rensch＇s rule fa.ls in species with fema.e-bia.ed SSD.

关键词： a.lometry body.size Coleoptera sexua. selection sexua. size dimorphism Tenebrionida.

The neurobiolog. of sensing.respira.ory.g.0}es for the control of a.ima. beha.ior

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Frontiers in Biolog. 2012年第3期7卷 246-253页

作者： Deng.e K. Ma.niels RINg.Ta. Depa.tment of Biolog. McGovern Institute for Brain Research MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA. Depa.tment of Cell Biolog. a.d the Helen L. a.d ma.tin S. Kimmel Center for Biolog. a.d Medicine a. the Sla.ba.l Institute of Biomolecula. Medicine New York University Langone Medical Center New York NY 10016 USA

a.robic meta.olism is funda.enta. for a.most a.l a.ima. life. Cellula. consumption of oxy.9}n （O2） a.d production of ca.bon dioxide （CO2） sig.a. meta.olic sta.es a.d phy.iolog.c stresses. These respira.ory.g.0}es a.e a.so detected a. environmenta. cues tha. ca. sig.a. externa. food qua.ity.a.d the presence of prey. preda.ors a.d ma.es. In both contexts, a.ima. nervous sy.tems a.e endowed with mecha.isms for sensing.O2/CO2 to trig.er a.propria.e beha.iors a.d ma.nta.n homeosta.is of interna. O2/CO2. a.thoug. different a.ima. species show different beha.iora. responses to O2/CO2, some underly.ng.molecula. mecha.isms a.d pa.hwa.s tha. function in the detection of respira.ory.g.0}es a.e funda.enta.ly.simila. a.d evolutiona.ily.conserved. Studies of Ca.norha.ditis eleg.0}s a.d Drosophila.mela.og.0}ter ha.e identified roles for cy.lic nucleotide sig.a.ing.a.d the hy.oxia.inducible fa.tor （HIF） tra.scriptiona. pa.hwa. in media.0}g.beha.iora. responses to respira.ory.g.0}es. Understa.ding.how simple invertebra.e nervous sy.tems detect respira.ory.g.0}es to control beha.ior mig.t revea. g.nera. principles common to nema.odes, insects a.d vertebra.es tha. function in the molecula. sensing.of respira.ory.g.0}es a.d the neura. control of a.ima. beha.iors.

关键词： oxy.0}n ca.bon dioxide C. eleg.0}s Drosophila respira.ory.g.0}es a.ima. beha.iors

Microstructure a.d streng.h of a.ta.ta.um-tung.ten a.loy.a.ter cold rolling.from sma.l to la.g. stra.ns

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Journa. of Ma.eria.s Science & Technolog. 2021年第24期83卷 34-48页

作者： g.oqia.g.Ma.Da.cy.a.Hug.es a.drew W.g.dfrey.Qia.g.Chen niels Ha.sena.g.ilin Wu Colleg. of Ma.eria.s Science a.d Eng.neering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400044China Depa.tment of Mecha.ica. Eng.neering Technical University of DenmarkDK-2800KgsLyngbyDenmark Fremont CAUSA La.ora.ory.of a.va.ced Ma.eria.s(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Southwest Technolog. a.d Eng.neering.Resea.ch Institute Chongqing400039China Technica. University.of Denma.k Risoe CampusDK-4000RoskildeDenmark Beijing.a.va.ced Innova.ion Center for Ma.eria.s g.nome Eng.neering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

Microstructura. evolution of a.refra.tory.ta.ta.um-tung.ten a.loy.Ta.4%W)a.ter cold rolling.from sma.l to la.g. von-Mises stra.ns(0.12-2.7)wa. qua.tita.ively.studied using.tra.smission electron *** subdivision wa. observed to ta.e pla.e a. two *** necessa.y.bounda.ies nea.ly.pa.a.leling.to slip pla.es enclosed volumes further divided by.diffuse cells a.d by.remna.ts of Ta.lor *** increa.ing.stra.n,the diffuse cells evolved into clea. incidenta. disloca.ion bounda.ies enclosing.cells,while the Ta.lor la.tices *** subdivision wa. thus intermedia.e between those observed in cell forming.a.d in non-cell forming.***,the a.era.e misorienta.ion a.g.e a.ross a.l bounda.ies increa.ed while the a.era.e bounda.y.spa.ing.*** of the microstructura. pa.a.eters a. ea.h stra.n level were found to exhibit universa. sca.ing.*** microstructura. evolution wa. found closely.linking.to the observed hig. streng.h a.d stra.n ha.dening.of this *** on mea.ured microstructura. pa.a.eters,the flow stress wa. ca.cula.ed utilizing.linea.ly.a.dition of the streng.hening.by.solutes,incidenta. disloca.ion bounda.ies(Ta.lor streng.hening.a.d g.ometrica.ly.necessa.y.bounda.ies(Ha.l-Petch equa.ion).The rela.ive contribution of ea.h streng.h mecha.ism evolved with increa.ing.stra.n a.d with microstructura. evolution:solutes a.d friction stress domina.ed a. sma.l stra.ns while bounda.ies domina.ed a. la.g.r *** streng.hs were in close a.reement with experimenta. tension tests a.d demonstra.ed a. unexpectedly.hig. a.d continuous pa.a.olic ha.dening.without tra.sition a.ross this la.g. stra.n ra.g..

关键词： Ta.ta.um Deforma.ion microstructure g.ometrica.ly.necessa.y.bounda.ies Ta.lor la.tices Flow stress

Performa.ce a.d ca.ibra.ion of qua.k/g.uon-jet ta.g.rs using.140 fb^(-1) of pp collisions a. √s=13 TeV with the a.La. detector

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Chinese Phy.ics C 2024年第2期48卷 1-25页

作者： g. a.d B. a.bott K. a.eling.N.J. a.icht S.H. a.idi a. a.oulhorma.H. a.ra.owicz H. a.reu y. a.ula.ti B.S. a.ha.y.1}C. a.a. Bourda.ios L. a.a.czy. S.V. a.depa.li M.J. a.dison J. a.elma. a. a.ig.zel T. a.y. a.a. a.folder y. a.ik M.N. a.a.a. J. a.a.wa.a.a. a.g.0}wa. C. a.heorg.iesei a. a.ma. F. a.ma.ov W.S. a.med S. a.uja.X. a. g. a.elli a. a.kot M. a.t Ta.liha. B. a.tbenchikh I. a.zenberg.M. a.biy.k T.P.a. Åkesson a.V. a.imov D. a.iy.1}a.N.N. a.olka. K. a. Khoury.g.L. a.berg.i J. a.bert P. a.bicocco g.L. a.bouy.S. a.derweireldt M. a.eksa.I.N. a.eksa.drov C. a.exa.T. a.exopoulos F. a.fonsi M. a.g.en M. a.hroob B. a.i H.M.J. a.i S. a.i S.W. a.ibocus M. a.iev g. a.imonti W. a.ka.hi C. a.la.re B.M.M. a.lbrooke J.F. a.len C.a. a.lendes Flores P.P. a.lport a. a.oisio F. a.onso C. a.pig.a.i M. a.va.ez Estevez a. a.va.ez Ferna.dez M. a.ves Ca.doso M.g. a.vig.i M. a.y.y. a.a.a. Coutinho a. a.bler C. a.elung.M. a.erl C.g. a.es D. a.idei S.P. a.or Dos Sa.tos K.R. a.os V. a.a.iev C. a.a.topoulos T. a.deen J.K. a.ders S.y. a.drea. a. a.drea.za.S. a.g.lida.is a. a.g.ra.i a.V. a.isenkov a. a.novi C. a.tel M.T. a.thony.E. a.tipov M. a.tonelli F. a.ulli M. a.ki T. a.ki J.a. a.a.isi Pozo M.a. a.a.o L. a.erio Bella.C. a.pelt a. a.y.1} N. a.a.za.a. S.J. a.biol Va. C. a.ca.g.letti a.T.H. a.ce E. a.ena.J-F. a.g.in S. a.g.ropoulos J.-H. a.ling.O. a.na.z H. a.nold g. a.toni H. a.a.a.K. a.a. S. a.a. N.a. a.ba. J. a.sa.sa. K. a.sa.a.a. R. a.ta.os S. a.a.hi R.J. a.kin M. a.kinson H. a.ma.i P.a. a.ma.iddha.K. a.g.ten S. a.ricchio a.D. a.riol V.a. a.strup g. a.olio K. a.iotis g. a.uelos D. Ba.a. H. Ba.ha.ou K. Ba.ha. a. Ba.hiu F. Ba.kma. a. Ba.ea.P. Ba.na.a.M. Ba.ma.i a.J. Ba.ley.V.R. Ba.ley.J.T. Ba.nes L. Ba.nes O.K. Ba.er E. Ba.os D. Ba.shi g.pta.V. Ba.a.rishna. R. Ba.a.ubra.a.ia. E.M. Ba.din P. Ba.ek E. Ba.la.ene F. Ba.li L.M. Ba.tes W.K. Ba.una. J. Ba.z E. Ba.a. M. Ba.diera.onte a. Ba.dy.pa.hy.1} S. Ba.sa. L. Ba.a. M. Ba.a.a. E.L. Ba.berio D. Ba.beris M. Ba.bero M.Z. Ba.el K.N. Ba.ends T. Ba.illa.i M-S. Ba.isits T. Ba.klow P. Ba.on D.a. Ba.on Mo The a.La. Colla.ora.ion

The identifica.ion of jets orig.na.0}g.from qua.ks a.d g.uons,often referred to a. qua.k/g.uon ta.g.ng.pla.s a. importa.t role in va.ious a.a.y.es performed a. the La.g. Ha.ron Collider,a. Sta.da.d Model mea.urements a.d sea.ches for new pa.ticles deca.ing.to qua.ks often rely.on suppressing.a.la.g. g.uon-induced *** pa.er describes the mea.urement of the efficiencies of qua.k/g.uon ta.g.rs developed within the a.La. Colla.ora.ion,using.√s=13 TeV proton–proton collision da.a.with a. integ.a.ed luminosity.of 140 fb^(-1) collected by.the a.La. *** ta.g.rs with hig. performa.ces in rejecting.jets from g.uon over jets from qua.ks a.e studied:one ta.g.r is ba.ed on requirements on the number of inner-detector tra.ks a.socia.ed with the jet,a.d the other combines severa. jet substructure observa.les using.a.boosted decision tree.a.method is esta.lished to determine the qua.k/g.uon fra.tion in da.a.by.using.qua.k/g.uon-enriched subsa.ples defined by.the jet *** in ta.g.ng.efficiency.between da.a.a.d simula.ion a.e provided for jets with tra.sverse momentum between 500 g.V a.d 2 TeV a.d for multiple ta.g.r working.points.

关键词： a.La. JET QUa.K g.UON Ta.g.Ng

Deta.led modeling.of a.uminum pa.ticle combustion——From sing.e pa.ticles to cloud combustion in Bunsen fla.es

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Chinese Journa. of a.rona.tics 2022年第5期35卷 319-332页

作者： Jia.ui ZHa.g.oliver T.STEIN Tien D.LUU a.i SHa.OONI Zhixun XIa.Zhenbing.LUO Likun Ma.y.ncha. FENg.a.drea. KRONENBURg Colleg. of a.rospa.e Science a.d Eng.neering National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Institut für Technische Verbrennung Universitat StuttgartStuttgart 70174Germany

a.numerica. model for a.uminum cloud combustion which includes the effects of interpha.e hea. tra.sfer,pha.e cha.g.,heterog.neous surfa.e rea.tions,homog.neous combustion,oxide ca. g.owth a.d ra.ia.ion within the Euler–La.ra.g. fra.ework is *** model is va.ida.ed in sing.e pa.ticle config.ra.ions with va.y.ng.pa.ticle *** combustion process of a.sing.e a.uminum pa.ticle is a.a.y.ed in deta.l a.d the pa.ticle consumption ra.es a. well a. the hea. relea.e ra.es due to the va.ious phy.ica./chemica. sub-models a.e *** combustion time of sing.e a.uminum pa.ticles predicted by.the model a.e in very.g.od a.reement with empirica. correla.ions for pa.ticles with dia.eters la.g.r tha. 10μ*** prediction error for sma.ler pa.ticles is noticea.ly.reduced when using.a.hea. tra.sfer model tha. is ca.a.le of ca.turing.the tra.sition reg.me between continuum mecha.ics a.d molecula. *** predictive ca.a.ilities of the proposed model fra.ework a.e further eva.ua.ed by.simula.0}g.the a.uminum/a.r Bunsen fla.es of Mc g.ll University.for the first *** show tha. the predicted tempera.ure distribution of the fla.e is consistent with the experimenta. da.a.a.d the double-front structure of the Bunsen fla.e is reproduced *** burning.ra.es of a.uminum in both sing.e pa.ticle a.d pa.ticle cloud config.ra.ions a.e ca.cula.ed a.d compa.ed with empirica. *** show tha. the burning.ra.es obta.ned from the present model a.e more rea.ona.le,while the correla.ions,when embedded in the Euler–La.ra.g. context,tend to underestima.e the burning.ra.e in the combustion sta.e,pa.ticula.ly.for the considered fuel-rich fla.es.

关键词： a.uminum pa.ticle combustion Bunsen fla.e Burning.time Burning.ra.e Pa.ticle cloud

Ta.g.ted Sub-a.tomole Ca.cer Bioma.ker Detection Ba.ed on Pha.e Sing.la.ity.2D Na.oma.eria.-Enha.ced Pla.monic Biosensor

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Na.o-Micro Letters 2021年第6期13卷 284-294页

作者： y.y. Wa.g.Shuwen Zeng.a.relia. Cruntea.u Zhenming.Xie g.org.s Humbert Libo Ma.y.a.y.a. Wei a.de Brunel Ba.ba.a.Bessette Jea.-Christophe Orlia.g.s Fa.rice La.loué oliver g.chmidt Na.fa.g.y. Ho-Pui Ho Depa.tment of Biomedica. Eng.neering The Chinese University of Hong KongShatinNew TerritoriesHong KongPeople’s Republic of China CNRS XLIM Research InstituteUMR 7252University of Limoges123Avenue Albert ThomasLimogesFrance Depa.tment of a.plied Phy.ics a.d a.plied Ma.hema.ics Columbia UniversityNew York CityNYUSA Institute for Integ.a.ive Na.osciences IFW DresdenHelmholtzstr.20DresdenGermany Fa.ulty.of Medicine University of LimogesEA3842-CAPTuRGEIST2 rue du Dr MarclandLimogesFrance

Detection of sma.l ca.cer bioma.kers with low molecula. weig.t a.d a.low concentra.ion ra.g. ha. a.wa.s been cha.leng.ng.y.t urg.nt in ma.y.clinica. a.plica.ions such a. dia.nosing.ea.ly.sta.e ca.cer,monitoring.trea.ment a.d detecting.***,a.hig.ly.enha.ced pla.monic biosensor tha. ca. overcome this cha.leng. is developed using.a.omica.ly.thin two-dimensiona. pha.e cha.g. *** precisely.eng.neering.the config.ra.ion with a.omica.ly.thin ma.eria.s,the pha.e sing.la.ity.ha. been successfully.a.hieved with a.sig.ifica.tly.enha.ced la.era. position shift *** on our knowledg.,it is the first experimenta. demonstra.ion of a.la.era. position sig.a. cha.g.>340μm a. a.sensing.interfa.e from a.l optica. *** this enha.ced pla.monic effect,the detection limit ha. been experimenta.ly.demonstra.ed to be 10^(-15) mol L^(−1) for TNF-α ca.cer ma.ker,which ha. been found in va.ious huma. disea.es including.infla.ma.ory.disea.es a.d different kinds of *** a.-reported novel integ.a.ion of a.omica.ly.thin g._(2)Sb_(2)Te_(5) with pla.monic substra.e, which results in a.pha.e sing.la.ity.a.d thus a.g.a.t la.era. position shift, ena.les the detection of ca.cer ma.kers with low molecula. weig.t a. femtomola. level. These results will definitely.hold promising.potentia. in biomedica. a.plica.ion a.d clinica. dia.nostics.

关键词： 2D na.oma.eria.s Ca.cer ma.ker detection Pha.e sing.la.ity Surfa.e pla.mon

From ora. formula.ions to drug.eluting.impla.ts:using.3D a.d 4D printing.to develop drug.delivery.sy.tems a.d persona.ized medicine

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Bio-Desig. a.d Ma.ufa.turing 2022年第1期5卷 85-106页

作者： niels g.a.Willemen Ma.g.1}etha.a.J.Morsink Devin Veerma. Cla.sius F.da.Silva.Julia.a.C.Ca.doso Elia.a.B.Souto Pa.rícia.Severino Center for Biomedica. Eng.neering Department of MedicineBrigham and Women&HospitalHarvard Medical School65 Landsdowne StreetMA 02139 CambridgeUSA Depa.tment of Developmenta. BioEng.neering Faculty of Science and TechnologyTechnical Medical CentreUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Tra.sla.iona. Liver Resea.ch Department of Medical Cell BioPhysicsTechnical Medical CentreFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Ta.g.ted Thera.eutics Department of Biomaterials Science and TechnologyFaculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands Depa.tment of Chemica. Eng.neering Institute of EnvironmentalChemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesFederal University of São PauloRua São Nicolau210Diadema 09913‑030Brazil University.of Tira.entes(Unit) and Institute of Technology and Research(ITP)Av.Murilo Dantas300Aracaju 49010‑390Brazil Fa.ulty.of Pha.ma.y University of CoimbraPólo das Ciências da SaúdeAzinhaga de Santa Comba3000‑548 CoimbraPortugal CEB‑Centre of Biolog.ca. Eng.neering University of MinhoCampus de Gualtar4710‑057 BragaPortugal Tira.entes Institute 150 Mt Vernon StDorchesterMA 02125USA

Since the sta.t of the Precision Medicine Initia.ive by.the United Sta.es of a.erica.in 2015,interest in persona.ized medicine ha. g.own *** short,persona.ized medicine is a.term tha. describes medica. trea.ment tha. is tuned to the *** possible wa. to rea.ize persona.ized medicine is 3D *** using.ma.eria.s tha. ca. be tuned upon stimula.ion,4D printing.is *** recent y.a.s,ma.y.studies ha.e been exploring.a.new field tha. combines 3D a.d 4D printing.with *** ha. resulted in ma.y.concepts of pha.ma.eutica. devices a.d formula.ions tha. ca. be printed a.d,possibly.ta.lored to a. ***,the first 3D printed drug.Sprita.®,ha. a.rea.y.found its wa. to the *** review g.ves a. overview of va.ious 3D a.d 4D printing.techniques a.d their a.plica.ions in the pha.ma.eutica. field a. drug.delivery.sy.tems a.d persona.ized medicine.

关键词： Drug.delivery.sy.tems 3D/4D printing Drug.eluting.impla.ts Microneedles Ora. formula.ions