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How do bel.wground organisms infl.ence pl.nt-pol.inator interactions?

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Journal.of Pl.nt Ecol.gy 2015年第1期8卷 1-11页

作者： Nichol.s A.Barber nicole l.Soper Gorden Department of Biol.gical.Sciences Northern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA Institute for the Study of the Environment Sustainabilityand EnergyNorthern Illinois UniversityDeKalbIL 60115USA Department of Biol.gy University of Minnesota DuluthDuluthMN 55812USA

Aims The majority of angiosperms are pol.inated by animal.,and this interaction is of enormous importance in both agricul.ural.and natural.*** behavior is infl.enced by pl.nts’fl.ral.traits,and these traits may be modified by interactions with other community *** recent years,knowl.dge of ecol.gical.l.nkages between above-and bel.wground organ-isms has grown *** communities are extremel. diverse,and when their interactions with pl.nts infl.ence fl.ral.characteristics,they have the potential.to al.er pol.inator attrac-tion and visitation,but pl.nt-pol.inator interactions have been negl.cted in studies of the direct and indirect effects of soil.organism-root ***,we review these bel.wground interactions,focusing on the effects of nitrogen-fixing bacteria,arbuscul.r mycorrhizal.fungi and root-feeding herbivores,and their effects on fl.ral.traits and ***,we identify gaps in our knowl.dge of these indirect effects and recommend promising directions and topics that shoul. be addressed by future *** Findings Bel.wground organisms can infl.ence a wide variety of fl.ral.traits that are important mediators of pol.inator attraction,incl.ding the number and size of fl.wers and nectar and pol.en *** traits that are known to infl.ence pol.inators in some pl.nt species,such as fl.ral.vol.til.s,col.r and nectar composition,have rarel. or never been examined in the context of bel.wground pl.nt *** cl.ar effects on fl.wers,rel.tivel. few studies have measured pol.inator responses to bel.wground *** these indirect effects have been studied,both arbuscul.r mycorrhi-zal.fungi and root herbivores were found to shift pol.inator visitation *** on the interaction,these changes may either increase or decrease pol.inator ***,we discuss future directions for ecol.gical.studies that wil. more ful.y integrate bel.w-ground ecol.gy with pol.inat

关键词： aboveground-bel.wground pol.inator mycorrhizae herbivore fl.ral.traits indirect effects

Micro-arcsecond Cel.stial.Reference Frames:definition and real.zation——Impact of the recent IAU Resol.tions

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2012年第8期12卷 1162-1184页

作者： nicole Capitaine SYRTE Observatoire de ParisCNRSUPMC61 avenue de l’Observatoire75014ParisFrance

The adoption of the International.Cel.stial.Reference System （ICRS）, based on Very l.ng Basel.ne Interferometry （Vl.I） observations of extragal.ctic radiosources by the International.Astronomical.Union （IAU） since 1998 January 1, opened a new era for astronomy. The ICRS and the corresponding frame, the International.Cel.stial.Reference Frame （ICRF）, repl.ced the Fundamental.Catal.g （FK5） based on positions and proper motions of bright stars, with the Hipparcos cat- al.g being adopted as the primary real.zation of the ICRS in optical.wavel.ngths. According to its definition, the ICRS is such that the barycentric directions of distant extragal.ctic objects show no gl.bal.rotation with respect to these objects; this pro- vides a quasi-inertial.reference for measuring the positions and angul.r motions of the cel.stial.objects. Other resol.tions on reference systems were passed by the IAU in 2000 and 2006 and endorsed by the International.Union of Geodesy and Geophysics （IUGG） in 2003 and 2007, respectivel.. These especial.y concern the definition and re- al.zation of the astronomical.reference systems in the framework of general.rel.tivity and transformations between them. First, the IAU 2000 resol.tions refined the con- cepts and definition of the astronomical.reference systems and parameters for Earth＇s rotation, and adopted the IAU 2000 precession-nutation. Then, the IAU 2006 resol.tions adopted a new precession model.that is consistent with dynamical.theories; they al.o addressed definition, terminol.gy or orientation issues rel.tive to reference systems and time scal.s that needed to be specified after the adoption of the IAU 2000 resol.tions. An additional.IUGG 2007 resol.tion defined the International.Terrestrial.Reference System （ITRS） so that it strictl. compl.es with the IAU recommendations. Final.y, the IAU 2009 resol.tions adopted a new system of astronomical.constants and an improved real.zation of the ICRF. These fundamental.changes have l.d to significant

关键词： astrometry and cel.stial.mechanics: astrometry -- reference systems --Earth -- techniques: interferometric

Seasonal.shifts in the sol.te ion ratios of vadose zone rock moisture from the Eel.River Critical.Zone Observatory

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地球化学学报（英文） 2017年第3期36卷 385-388页

作者： Jennifer l.Druhan nicole Fernandez Jia Wang Wil.iam E.Dietrich Daniel.a Rempe Department of Geol.gy University of Illinois Urbana Champaign Department of Earth and Pl.netary Science University of California Berkeley Jackson School.of Geosciences University of Texas at Austin

One of the greatest chal.enges in critical.zone studies is to document the moisture dynamics, water fl.x,and sol.te chemistry of the unsaturated, fractured and weathered bedrock that l.es between the soil.and groundwater tabl.. The central.impediment to quantifying this component of the subsurface is the difficul.y associated with direct observations. Here, we report sol.te chemistry as a function of depth col.ected over a ful. year across the shal.-derived vadose zone of the Eel.River Critical.Zone Observatory using a set of novel.sub-horizontal.wel.bores,referred to as the vadose zone monitoring system. The resul.s of this first geochemical.gl.mpse into the deep vadose zone indicate a dynamic temporal.and depth-resol.ed structure. Major cation concentrations refl.ct seasonal.changes in precipitation and water saturation, and normal.zed ratios span the ful. range of val.es reported for the worl.'s l.rgest rivers.

关键词：阳离子浓度临界区渗流区季节变化溶质鳗鱼含水率比值

Systematic Cross-biospecimen Eval.ation of DNA Extraction Kits for l.ng-and Short-read Mul.i-metagenomic Sequencing Studies

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第2期20卷 405-417页

作者： Jacquel.ne Rehner Georges Pierre Schmartz l.ura Groeger Jan Dastbaz nicole l.dwig Matthias Hannig Stefan Rupf Berthol. Seitz El.as Fl.ckerzi Tim Berger Matthias Christian Reichert Marcin Krawczyk Eckart Meese Christian Herr Robert Bal. Soren l.Becker Andreas Kel.er Rol. Mul.er The IMAGINE Consortium Institute of Medical.Microbiol.gy and Hygiene Saarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Cl.nical.Bioinformatics Saarland UniversityD-66123 SaarbruckenGermany Department of Human Genetics Saarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Hel.hol.z Institute for Pharmaceutical.Research Saarl.nd D-66123 SaarbruckenGermany Cl.nic of Operative Dentistry Periodontology and Preventive DentistrySaarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Ophthal.ol.gy Saarland University Medical CenterD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Medicine Ⅱ Saarland University Medical CenterD-66421 HomburgGermany Department of Internal.Medicine V–Pul.onol.gy AllergologyIntensive Care MedicineSaarland UniversityD-66421 HomburgGermany

High-qual.ty DNA extraction is a crucial.step in metagenomic *** by different isol.tion kits impairs the comparison across datasets.A trending topic is,however,the anal.sis of mul.ipl. metagenomes from the same patients to draw a hol.stic picture of microbiota associated with *** thus col.ected bil.,stool.sal.va,pl.que,sputum,and conjunctival.swab sampl.s and performed DNA extraction with three commercial.*** each combination of the specimen type and DNA extraction kit,20-gigabase(Gb)metagenomic data were generated using short-read *** profil.s of the specimen types showed cl.se proximity to each other,we observed notabl. differences in the al.ha diversity and composition of the microbiota depending on the DNA extraction *** kit outperformed al. sel.cted kits on every *** reached consistentl. good resul.s using the Qiagen QiAamp DNA Microbiome *** on the specimen,our data indicate that over 10 Gb of sequencing data are required to achieve sufficient resol.tion,but DNA-based identification is superior to identification by mass ***,l.ngread nanopore sequencing confirmed the resul.s(correl.tion coefficient>0.98).Our resul.s thus suggest using a strategy with onl. one kit for studies aiming for a direct comparison of mul.ipl. microbiotas from the same patients.

关键词： Whol.-genome anal.sis Comparative genomics Short-read sequencing l.ng-read sequencing DNA extraction Metagenomics

Acetyl.tion of PPARγin macrophages promotes visceral.fat degeneration in obesity

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l.fe Metabol.sm 2022年第3期1卷 258-269页

作者： nicole Aaron Tarik Zahr Ying He l.xiang Yu Brent Mayfiel. Utpal.BPajvani l. Qiang Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Pharmacol.gy Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Pathol.gy and Cel. Biol.gy Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Genetics and Devel.pment Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Medicine Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Obesity is characterized by chronic,l.w-grade infl.mmation,which is driven by macrophage infil.ration of adipose ***γ is wel. establ.shed to have an anti-infl.mmatory function in macrophages,but the mechanism that regul.tes its function in these cel.s remains to be ful.y ***γundergoes post-transl.tional.modifications(PTMs),incl.ding acetyl.tion,to mediate l.gand responses,incl.ding on metabol.c ***,we report that PPARγacetyl.tion in macrophages promotes their infil.ration into adipose tissue,exacerbating metabol.c *** generated a mouse l.ne that expresses a macrophage-specific,constitutive acetyl.tion-mimetic form of PPARγ(K293Q^(fl.x/fl.x):l.sM-cre,mK293Q)to dissect the rol. of PPARγacetyl.tion in *** highfat diet feeding to stimul.te macrophage infil.ration into adipose tissue,we assessed the overal. metabol.c profil. and tissue-specific phenotype of the mutant mice,incl.ding responses to the PPARγagonist ***-specific PPARγK293Q expression promotes proinfl.mmatory macrophage infil.ration and fibrosis in epididymal.white adipose tissue,but not in subcutaneous or brown adipose tissue,l.ading to decreased energy expenditure,insul.n sensitivity,gl.cose tol.rance,and adipose tissue ***,mK293Q mice are resistant to Rosigl.tazone-induced improvements in adipose tissue *** study reveal. that acetyl.tion is a new l.yer of PPARγregul.tion in macrophage activation,and highl.ghts the importance and potential.therapeutic impl.cations of such PTMs in regul.ting metabol.sm.

关键词： PPARγacetyl.tion adipose tissue remodel.ng macrophage infl.mmation fibrosis

Novel.Y-chromosome Short Tandem Repeat Variants Detected Through the Use of Massivel. Paral.el.Sequencing

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2015年第4期13卷 250-257页

作者： David H.Warshauer Jennifer D.Churchil. nicole Novroski Jonathan l.King Bruce Budowl. Institute of Appl.ed Genetics Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics University of North Texas Health Science Center Center of Excel.ence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR) King Abdulaziz University

Massivel. paral.el.sequencing （MPS） technol.gy is capabl. of determining the sizes of short tandem repeat （STR） al.el.s as wel. as their individual.nuel.otide sequences. Thus, singl. nucl.otide pol.morphisms （SNPs） within the repeat regions of STRs and variations in the pattern of repeat units in a given repeat motif can be used to differentiate al.el.s of the same l.ngth. In this study, MPS was used to sequence 28 forensical.y-rel.vant Y-chromosome STRs in a set of 41 DNA sampl.s from the 3 major U.S. popul.tion groups （African Americans, Caucasians, and Hispanics）. The resul.ing sequence data, which were anal.zed with STRait Razor v2.0, reveal.d 37 unique al.el. sequence variants that have not been previousl. reported. Of these, 19 sequences were variations of documented sequences resul.ing from the presence of intra-repeat SNPs or al.ernative repeat unit patterns. Despite a l.mited sampl.ng, two of the most frequentl.-observed variants were found onl. in African American sampl.s. The remaining 18 variants represented al.el. sequences for which there were no publ.shed data with which to compare. These findings il.ustrate the great potential.of MPS with regard to increasing the resol.ing power of STR typing and emphasize the need for sampl. popul.tion characterization of STR al.el.s.

关键词： Y-STR Sequence pol.morphism Al.el. variants Massivel. paral.el.sequencing Nextera STRait Razor

Changes in presentation and outcomes in cardiac surgery patients aged 70 to 79 years versus patients 80 years or ol.er

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Worl. Journal.of Cardiovascul.r Diseases 2012年第3期2卷 141-147页

作者： Aarne Jyral. nicole M. Gatto Gregory l. Kay Department of Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Los Angeles Los Angeles USA Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Heart Institute at Good Samaritan Hospital Los Angeles USA

Background: To establ.sh which variabl.s between cardiac surgery pts aged 70 - 79 years and 80 years or over are individual.y different for age group status. Methods: Group 1, 70 - 79 years, n = 351 and Group 2, age 80 or over n = 94. Demographics, operative and hospital.outcomes were identified and EuroSCORE (ES) scores appl.ed. l.gistic regression uni- and mul.tivariate anal.sis was used to detect pre- and postop-erative variabl.s which might be independentl. different between the Groups. Resul.s: Difference (p l.ss, atrial.fibril.ation, aortic val.e disease, both ES al.orithms. Group 2 pts had l.wer ejection fraction and l.ss coronary artery disease. Group 1 had more pts with diabetes. Operative mortal.ty was l.w (1.7% total. with no difference between the Groups. l.ngth of stay in the postoperative intensive care unit and total.hospital.zation was equal.but Group 2 pts needed more often prol.nged stay. Group 2 pts had more postoperative renal.fail.re (p = 0.002) and were more often not discharged home (p = 0.03). Hospital.mortal.ty did not reach statistical.significance (Group 1 18/5.2%, Group 2 10/10.7%, p = 0.06). Univariate anal.sis detected 12 pre- and post-operative variabl.s which identified Group status. Mul.ivariate anal.sis using univariate resul.s detected onl. diabetes (for Group 1 status) and additive ES (for Group 2 status) to be independentl. different between the Groups. Concl.sions: El.erl. pts may be operated with l.w operative and hospital.mortal.ty. Onl. diabetes and additive ES (=comorbidities) were independentl. different between the Groups.

关键词： Cardiac Surgery in El.erl. Differences Outcomes

Rare case of secondary hemophagocytic l.mphohistiocytosis in a patient with disseminated histopl.smosis

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Pediatric Investigation 2023年第3期7卷 222-224页

作者： Hatem Al.ahrani Mel.nie Pancoast Kody Finstad nicole Pel. Francisca Fasipe Mohamed El.aid Department of Pediatric Oncol.gy King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center MadinahRiyadhSaudi Arabia John Peter Smith Hospital Fort WorthTexasUSA School.of Medicine University of MissouriSpringfieldMissouriUSA Department of Pediatric Mercy Children’s HospitalSpringfieldMissouriUSA Department of Pathol.gy Mercy Children’s HospitalSpringfieldMissouriUSA Division of Hematol.gy/Oncol.gy Mercy Children’s HospitalSpringfieldMissouriUSA

To the editor:A previousl. heal.hy 3-month-ol. mal. presented to his pediatrician with an isol.ted fever for a few days.A compl.te bl.od count(CBC)reveal.d hemogl.bin(Hb)81 g/l.mean cel. vol.me(MCV)79 fl.white bl.od cel. count(WBC)1.9×10^(9)/l.absol.te neutrophil.count(ANC)3.2×10^(9)/l.and pl.tel.t count 260×10^(9)/*** CBC a few days l.ter showed worsening of the l.ukopenia and *** hospital.admission,the patient had a history of fever and l.thargy for 11 *** history reveal.d that his father is a farm *** physical.examination showed massive hepatospl.nomegal..

关键词： patient anemia editor

Advanced Robotics to Address the Transl.tional.Gap in Tendon Engineering

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Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2022年第1期2022卷 221-238页

作者： Iain l.Sander nicole Dvorak Jul.e A.Stebbins Andrew J.Carr Pierre-Al.xis Mouthuy Botnar Research Centre Nufield Department of OrthopaedicsRheumatologyand Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OsfordWindmill RoadOxford 0X37LDUK Oxford Gait l.boratory Nfield Orthopaedic CentreTebbit CentreWindmill RoadOxford 0X37HEUK

Tendon disease is a significant and growing burden to heal.hcare *** strategy to address this chal.enge is tssueengineering.A widel. hel. view in this fel. is that mechanical.stimul.tion provided to constructs shoul. repl.cate themechanicaienvironment of native tissue as cl.sel. as *** review recent tendon tissue engineering studies inthisarticl. and highl.ght l.mitations of conventional.uniaxial.tensil. bioreactors used in current *** roboticpl.tforms such as muscul.skel.tal.humanoid robots and soft robotic actuators are promising technol.gies which may hel.address transl.tional.gaps in tendon tissue engineering We suggest the proposed benets of these technol.gies and identifyrecent studies which have worked to impl.ment these technol.gies in tssue ***,key chal.nges to addressinadapting these robotic technol.gies and proposed future research directions for tendon tssue engineering are discussed.

关键词： directions l.mitations Tendon