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Eastern gray squirrels are consistent shoppers of seed traits:insights from discrete choice experiments

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第3期13卷 280-296页

作者： Mekala SUNDARAM Nathanael I.LICHTI nicole J.Olynk WIDMAR Robert K.SWIHART Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA Department of Agricultural Economics Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteIndianaUSA

Seeds of many hardwood trees are dispersed by scatter-hoarding rodents,and this process is often mediated by the traits of *** numerous studies have linked seed traits to seed preference by rodents,little is known about how rodents forage for seeds when multiple desirable and undesirable seed traits are available ***,we adopt a novel method of designing choice experiments to study how eastern gray squirrels(Sciurus carolinensis)select for 6 traits(caloric value,protein content,tannin concentration,kernel mass,dormancy period and toughness of shell)among *** n=426 seed-pair presentations,we found that squirrels preferentially consumed seeds with short dormancy or tougher shells,and preferentially cached seeds with larger kernel mass,tougher shells and higher tannin *** incorporating random effects,we found that squirrels exhibited consistent preferences for seed traits,which is likely due to the fitness consequences associated with maintaining cached ***,we found that squirrels were willing to trade between multiple traits when caching seeds,which likely results in more seed species being cached in the ***,our approach allowed us to compute the relative values of different seed traits to squirrels,despite covariance among studied traits across seed *** addition,by investigating how squirrels trade among different seed traits,important insights can be gleaned into behavioral mechanisms underlying seed caching(and,thus,seed survival)dynamics as well as evolutionary strategies adopted by plants to attract seed *** describe how discrete choice experiments can be used to study resource selection in other ecological systems.

关键词： cached resources discrete choice experiment resource selection trade-offs trait-dependent

Seasonal shifts in the solute ion ratios of vadose zone rock moisture from the Eel River Critical Zone Observatory

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Acta Geochimica 2017年第3期36卷 385-388页

作者： Jennifer L.Druhan nicole Fernandez Jia Wang William E.Dietrich Daniella Rempe Department of Geology University of Illinois Urbana Champaign Department of Earth and Planetary Science University of California Berkeley Jackson School of Geosciences University of Texas at Austin

One of the greatest challenges in critical zone studies is to document the moisture dynamics, water flux,and solute chemistry of the unsaturated, fractured and weathered bedrock that lies between the soil and groundwater table. The central impediment to quantifying this component of the subsurface is the difficulty associated with direct observations. Here, we report solute chemistry as a function of depth collected over a full year across the shale-derived vadose zone of the Eel River Critical Zone Observatory using a set of novel sub-horizontal wellbores,referred to as the vadose zone monitoring system. The results of this first geochemical glimpse into the deep vadose zone indicate a dynamic temporal and depth-resolved structure. Major cation concentrations reflect seasonal changes in precipitation and water saturation, and normalized ratios span the full range of values reported for the world's largest rivers.

关键词： Vadose zone Solute ion ratios Critical Zone Observatory Seasonal solute dynamics

Antibiotic-loaded amphora-shaped pores on a titanium implant surface enhance osteointegration and prevent infections

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第8期6卷 2331-2345页

作者： Viviane Ständert Kai Borcherding nicole Bormann Gerhard Schmidmaier Ingo Grunwald Britt Wildemann Julius Wolff Institute BIH Center for Regenerative TherapiesCharitéUniversitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlin Institute of Health13353BerlinGermany Department of Adhesive Bonding Technology and Surfaces Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials(IFAM)28359BremenGermany Center for Orthopedics Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord InjuryHTRG-Heidelberg Trauma Research GroupHeidelberg University Hospital69118HeidelbergGermany Industrial and Environmental Biology Hochschule Bremen-City University of Applied Sciences28199BremenGermany Experimental Trauma Surgery Department of TraumaHand and Reconstructive SurgeryJena University HospitalFriedrich Schiller University Jena07747JenaGermany

Artificial prostheses for joint replacement are indispensable in orthopedic ***,the implanted surface is attractive to not only host cells but also *** enable better osteointegration,a mechanically stable porous structure was created on a titanium surface using laser treatment and metallic silver particles were embedded in a hydrophilic titanium oxide layer on *** laser structuring resulted in unique amphora-shaped *** to their hydrophilic surface conditions and capillary forces,the pores can be loaded preoperative with the antibiotic of choice/need,such as *** and differentiation assays with primary human osteoblast-like cells revealed no negative effect of the surface modification with or without gentamicin *** in vivo biocompatibility study showed significantly enhanced osteointegration as measured by push-out testing and histomorphometry 56 days after the implantation of the K-wires into rat *** a *** infection model,the porous,silver-coated K-wires slightly reduced the signs of bone destruction,while the wires were still colonized after 28 *** the amphora-shaped pores with gentamicin significantly reduced the histopathological signs of bone destruction and no bacteria were detected on the *** together,this novel surface modification can be applied to new or established orthopedic *** enables preoperative loading with the antibiotic of choice/need without further equipment or post-coating,and supports osteointegration without a negative effect of the released dug,such as gentamicin.

关键词： Titanium implants Laser structuring Amphora-shaped pores Gentamicin loading Antimicrobial silver particles

Data analytics in the electricity sector – A quantitative and qualitative literature review

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2020年第1期1卷 145-167页

作者： Frederik vom Scheidt Hana Medinova nicole Ludwig Bent Richter Philipp Staudt Christof Weinhardt Institute for Information Systems and Marketing Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyKaiserstr.8976133 KarlsruheGermany Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyHermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

The rapid transformation of the electricity sector increases both the opportunities and the need for Data *** recent years,various new methods and fields of application have been *** research is growing and becoming more diverse and specialized,it is essential to integrate and structure the fragmented body of scientific *** therefore conduct a systematic review of studies concerned with developing and applying Data Analytics methods in the context of the electricity value ***,we provide a quantitative high-level overview of the status quo of Data Analytics research,and show historical literature growth,leading countries in the field and the most intensive international ***,we qualitatively review over 200 high-impact studies to present an in-depth analysis of the most prominent applications of Data Analytics in each of the electricity sector’s areas:generation,trading,transmission,distribution,and *** each area,we review the state-of-the-art Data Analytics applications and *** addition,we discuss used data sets,feature selection methods,benchmark methods,evaluation metrics,and model complexity and run *** the findings from the different areas,we identify best practices and what researchers in one area can learn from other ***,we highlight potential for future research.

关键词： Data analytics Electricity Machine learning Generation Price Transmission Distribution Consumption

Knife-assisted resection(KAR)for small rectal neuroendocrine neoplasia

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Gastroenterology Report 2020年第6期8卷 479-480,I0003页

作者： Andrea Lisotti Sinan Sadalla Anna Cominardi nicole Brighi Pietro Fusaroli Gastroenterology Unit Hospital of ImolaImolaItaly Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBolognaItaly Department of Medical Oncology Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio ela Cura dei Tumori(IRST)IRCSSMeldolaItaly NET Team Bologna ENETS Center of Excellence S.Orsola-Malpighi University HospitalUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly

Rectal neuroendocrine neoplasia(rNEN)are usually small(3mm because of the risk of residual neoplasia.

关键词： involvement mucosal

Exploring the Transcriptome Landscape of Pomegranate Fruit Peel for Natural Product Biosynthetic Gene and SSR Marker Discovery

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2011年第10期53卷 800-813页

作者： Nadia nicole Ono Monica Therese Britton Joseph Nathaniel Fass Charles Meyer nicolet Dawei Lin Li Tian Department of Plant Sciences University of California Davis CA 95616 USA Genome Center University of California Davis CA 95616 USA

Pomegranate fruit peel is rich in bioactive plant natural products, such as hydrolyzable tannins and anthocyanins. Despite their documented roles in human nutrition and fruit quality, genes involved in natural product biosynthesis have not been cloned from pomegranate and very little sequence information is available on pomegranate in the public domain. Shotgun transcriptome sequencing of pomegranate fruit peel cDNA was performed using RNA-Seq on the Illumina Genome Analyzer platform. Over 100 million raw sequence reads were obtained and assembled into 9,839 transcriptome assemblies （TAs）（〉200 bp）. Candidate genes for hydrolyzable tannin, anthocyanin, flavonoid, terpenoid and fatty acid biosynthesis and/or regulation were identified. Three lipid transfer proteins were obtained that may contribute to the previously reported IgE reactivity of pomegranate fruit extracts. In addition, 115 SSR markers were identified from the pomegranate fruit peel transcriptome and primers were designed for 77 SSR markers. The pomegranate fruit peel transcriptome set provides a valuable platform for natural product biosynthetic gene and SSR marker discovery in pomegranate. This work also demonstrates that next-generation transcriptome sequencing is an economical and effective approach for investigating natural product biosynthesis, identifying genes controlling important agronomic traits, and discovering molecular markers in non-model specialty crop species.

关键词： hydrolyzable tannin naturat product pomegranate SSR marker transcriptome.

Biosorption of cadmium(II) and lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions onto dried activated sludge

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第5期18卷 840-844页

作者： WANG Xue-jiang XIA Si-qing CHEN Ling ZHAO Jian-fu CHOVELON Jean-marc nicole Jaffrezic-renault State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Yongji University Shanghai 200092 China Application of Chemistry and Environment Laboratory UMR CNRS 5634 University Claude Bernard Lyon I 43 Boulevard du 11 Novemvre 1918Villeurbanne Cedex 69622 France CEGELY UMR/CNRS 5005 Central University of Lyon 69134 Ecully Cedex France

The removal of heavy-metal ions from aqueous solutions by using dried activated sludge has been investigated in batch systems. Effect of solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature were determined. The results of the kinetic studies showed that the uptake processes of the two metal ions（Cd（Ⅱ） and Pb（Ⅱ）） followed the pseudo-second-order rate expression. The equilibrium data fitted very well to both the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The FT-IR analysis showed that the main mechanism of Cd（Ⅱ） and Pb（Ⅱ） biosorption onto dried activated sludge was their binding with amide I group.

关键词： biosorption adsorption isotherm cadmium lead activated sludge

The Effect of Soaking with Wooden Ash and Malting upon Some Nutritional Properties of Sorghum Flour Used for Impeke,a Traditional Burundian Malt-Based Sorghum Beverage

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第11期10卷 1801-1811页

作者： Irakoze Pierre Clave ZHOU Hui-ming ZHANG Hai-hua ZHU Ke-xue LI Qin Murekatete nicole State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 P.R.China Departement de Technologie des Industries Agro-Alimentaires lnstitut Sup~rieur d＇Agriculture University of Burundi Gitega BP 35Burundi

The objective of the present work was to determine the effect of wooden ash extract on anti-nutritional factors and to assess the effect of soaking with malting on nutritional properties of sorghum flour used for impeke. The addition of wooden ash extract during 24 h of soaking resulted in significant decrease in tannin by 50.2% and the decrease was observed to be progressive as malting time increases. 5 d of malting resulted in significant decrease in tannin by 69.3% and in phytic acid by 66.4% with slight decrease in ash, lipid, fiber, and starch. Malting showed an increased percentage of protein, essential amino acids, and then in vitro protein digestibility were markedly improved with increasing malting time. Sugars analysis proved a significant increase in maltose, glucose, fructose, and structural analysis of sorghum starch displayed porosity on granule＇s surface susceptible to the amylolysis.

关键词： sorghum soaking malting wooden ash anti-nutrient

Ecosystem management in paludified boreal forests:enhancing wood production,biodiversity,and carbon sequestration at the landscape level

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第4期5卷 376-389页

作者： Benoit Lafleur nicole J.Fenton Martin Simard Alain Leduc David Paré Osvaldo Valeria Yves Bergeron NSERC-UQAT-UQAM Industrial Chair in Sustainable Forest Management and Institut de recherche sur les forêts Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue445boul.de I'UniversiteRouyn-NorandaQC J9X 5E4Canada Department of Geography Laval UniversityQuebecQC GIV 0A6Canada Centre d'etude de la foret Universite du Quebec a Montreal141 Avenue du President-KennedyMontrealQC H2X IY4Canada Ressources Naturelles Canada Service canadien des forets Centre de foresterie des Laurentides1055du P.E P S.P.O.13ox 3800QuebecQC GIV 4C7Canada

Canada’s boreal forest represents an important contributor of the world’s wood supply industry. However,maintaining or increasing productivity of the boreal forest may be challenging in areas dominated by forested peatlands. Moreover, sustainable management of these forests must also consider other important aspects of the forest ecosystem such as biodiversity and carbon sequestration. To address these concerns, ecosystem-based management has been implemented in some Canadian jurisdictions, such as in regions where a large portion of the boreal forest is dominated by forested peatlands. The objectives of this paper are(1) to summarize our current understanding of how natural disturbances influence stand dynamics and biodiversity in forested peatlands, and(2) to review the main differences between natural and managed forest stands with respect to soil properties, stand productivity, understory plant communities. We also discuss how even-age management regime succeeds or fails to preserve old forests and how this loss affects both forest structure and habitat diversity at the landscape *** conclude by showing how, in boreal forested peatlands, forest management could contribute to carbon sequestration and mitigate projected climate change.

关键词： Clearcutting Fire Forest dynamics Partial cutting Soil properties Stand productivity Understory plant