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Numerical modeling and parametric sensitivity analysis of heat transfer and two-phase oil and water flow characteristics in horizontal and inclined flowlines using OpenFOAM

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Petroleum Science 2023年第2期20卷 1183-1199页

作者： Nsidibe Sunday Abdelhakim Settar Khaled Chetehouna nicolas Gascoin INSA Centre Val de Loire UniversitéOrléansPRISME EA 4229F-18020BourgesFrance

Estimating the oil-water temperatures in flowlines is challenging especially in deepwater and ultra-deepwater offshore applications where issues of flow assurance and dramatic heat transfer are likely to occur due to the temperature difference between the fluids and the surroundings. Heat transfer analysis is very important for the prediction and prevention of deposits in oil and water flowlines, which could impede the flow and give rise to huge financial losses. Therefore, a 3D mathematical model of oil-water Newtonian flow under non-isothermal conditions is established to explore the complex mechanisms of the two-phase oil-water transportation and heat transfer in different flowline inclinations. In this work, a non-isothermal two-phase flow model is first modified and then implemented in the InterFoam solver by introducing the energy equation using OpenFOAM® code. The Low Reynolds Number (LRN) k-ε turbulence model is utilized to resolve the turbulence phenomena within the oil and water mixtures. The flow patterns and the local heat transfer coefficients (HTC) for two-phase oil-water flow at different flowlines inclinations (0°, +4°, +7°) are validated by the experimental literature results and the relative errors are also compared. Global sensitivity analysis is then conducted to determine the effect of the different parameters on the performance of the produced two-phase hydrocarbon systems for effective subsea fluid transportation. Thereafter, HTC and flow patterns for oil-water flows at downward inclinations of 4°, and 7° can be predicted by the models. The velocity distribution, pressure gradient, liquid holdup, and temperature variation at the flowline cross-sections are simulated and analyzed in detail. Consequently, the numerical model can be generally applied to compute the global properties of the fluid and other operating parameters that are beneficial in the management of two-phase oil-water transportation.

关键词： Flow assurance Flow pattern Heat transfer Flowlines Two-phase flow Global sensitivity analysis

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classification of different sustainable flood retention basin types

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第6期22卷 898-903页

作者： Michelle Robinson Miklas Scholz nicolas Bastien Jennifer Carfrae Scottish Agricultural College Peter Wilson Building Institute for Infrastructure and Environment School of EngineeringThe University of EdinburghWilliam Rankine Building School of Built Environment Heriot-Watt University

Using a revised version of a previously published expert classification system, a database of potential Sustainable Flood Retention Basins has been developed for Scotland. The research shows that the majority of small and former （often old） drinking water reservoirs are kept full and their spillways are continuously in operation. Utilising some of the available capacity to contribute to flood control could significantly reduce the costs of complying with the European Union Flood Directive. Furthermore, the application of a previously developed classification model for Baden in Germany for the Scottish data set showed a lower diversity for basins in Scotland due to less developed infrastructure. The classification system appears to be robust and has the potential, with minor modifications, to be applied across Europe. The principle value of this approach is a clear and unambiguous categorisation, based on standard variables, which can help to promote communication and understanding between stakeholders.

关键词： classification system diffuse pollution control principal component analysis runoff control sustainable flood retention basin

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Acute kidney injury in patients with chronic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第7期7卷 993-1000页

作者： nicolas Rognant Nephrology Department Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud

Acute kidney injury(AKI) is a frequent clinical event in patients with liver disease, compounding their prognosis. Furthermore, it is likely that the occurrence of AKI has a detrimental impact on the subsequent renal function and the long-term survival of these patients. Recently, some authors advocated the use of new diagnostic criteria for detecting acute kidney injury in patients with cirrhosis. These criteria are based on the rapidity and extent of the creatinine increase comparing to the basal creatinine and also on the kinetics of diuresis decrease. Although their validity in this population requires further studies to be clearly established, these new criteria could have two advantages:(1) to allow earlier diagnosis of AKI and, thus, hepatorenal syndromefor which earlier intervention could improve patients' survival; and(2) to promote more intensive monitoring of renal function in these patients with high risk of AKI. Finally, recent practice guidelines about the prevention and treatment of general AKI have been published which should be useful in optimising the management of AKI in cirrhotic patients.

关键词： Acute kidney injury Cirrhosis Hepatorenalsyndrome Serum creatinine RIFLE/AKIN classification

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The geography of introgression in a patchy environment and the thorn in the side of ecological speciation

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Current Zoology 2013年第1期59卷 72-86页

作者： nicolas BIERNE Pierre-Alexandre GAGNAIRE Patrice DAVID Universit6 Montpellier 2 Place Eugene Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 France ISEM - CNRS UMR 5554 SMEL 2 rue des Chantiers 34200 S6te France CEFE - CNRS UMR 5175 34293 MontpeUier Cedex 5 France

When incompletely isolated taxa coexist in a patchy environment （e.g. mosaic hybrid zones, host-race complexes）, patterns of variation may differ between selected traits/genes and neutral markers. While the genetic structure of selected traits/loci tends to coincide with habitat variables （producing Genetic-Environment Association or GEA）, genetic differentiation at neutral loci unlinked to any selected locus rather depends on geographic connectivity at a large scale （e.g. Isolation- By-Distance or IBD）, although these loci often display GEA at a small scale. This discrepancy has been repeatedly taken as evi- dence for parallel primary divergence driven by local adaptation. We argue that this interpretation needs to be addressed more thoroughly by considering the alternative hypothesis that speciation was initiated in allopatry and secondary introgression has subsequently erased the signal of past differentiation at neutral loci. We present a model of neutral introgression after secondary contact in a mosaic hybrid zone, which describes how GEAs dissipate with time and how neutral variation self-organizes accord- ing to the environmental and geographic structures. We show that although neutral loci can be affected by environmental selection they are often more affected by history and connectivity： the neutral structure retains the initial geographic separation more than it correlates with the environment during the colonization and introgression phases, and then converges to a migration-drift balance, the most frequent outcome of which is GEA at a local scale but IBD at a large scale. This is the exact pattern usually attributed to parallel ecological speciation. Introgression is heterogeneous in space and depends on the landscape structure （e.g. it is faster in small patches, which are more impacted by immigration）. Furthermore, there is no directionality in the association and it is possi- ble to observe reversed GEAs between distant regions. We argue that the his

关键词： Ecological speciation Local adaptation Mosaic hybrid zone Reproductive isolation Genetic-environment association

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Spinal cord injury:can we repair spinal cord non-invasively by using magnetic stimulation?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第12期16卷 2429-2430页

作者： Quentin Delarue Chaima Chalfouh nicolas Guérout Normandie Univ RouenFranceInstitute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine(IRIB)RouenFrance

Spinal cord injury(SCI)is current l y an incurable condition which induces sensorimotor impairments below the injury ***,SCI are the consequence of physical damages which occur on spinal cord due to traffic accidents or sports and recreation *** date,nor treatment of therapy could be proposed to patients with SCI(Wilson et al.,2012).

关键词： Spinal stimulation injuries

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Use of testicular sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection in men with high sperm DNA fragmentation： a SWOT analysis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第1期20卷 1-8页

作者： Sandro C Esteves Matheus Roque nicolas Garrido ANDROFERT Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic Referral Center for Male Reproduction Av. Dr. Heitor Penteado 1464 Campinas SP 13075-460 Brazil ORIGEN Center for Reproductive Medicine Rio de Janeiro Brazil Andrology Laboratory and Sperm Bank IVI Foundation Valencia Spain

Spermatozoa retrieved from the testis of men with high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation （SDF） in the neat semen tend to have better DNA quality. Given the negative impact of SDF on the outcomes of Assisted Reproductive Technology （ART）, an increased interest has emerged about the use of testicular sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection （Testi-ICSI）. In this article, we used a SWOT （strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats） analysis to summarize the advantages and drawbacks of this intervention. The rationale of Testi-ICSI is bypass posttesticular DNA fragmentation caused by oxidative stress during sperm transit through the epididymis. Hence, oocyte fertilization by genomically intact testicular spermatozoa may be optimized, thus increasing the chances of creating a normal embryonic genome and the likelihood of achieving a live birth, as recently demonstrated in men with high SDF. However, there is still limited evidence as regards the clinical efficacy of Testi-ICSI, thus creating opportunities for further confirmatory clinical research as well as investigation of Testi-ICSI in clinical scenarios other than high SDF. Furthermore, Testi-ICSI can be compared to other laboratory preparation methods for deselecting sperm with damaged DNA. At present, the available literature supports the use of testicular sperm when performing ICSI in infertile couples whose male partners have posttesticular SDF. Due to inherent risks of sperm retrieval, Testi-ICSI should be offered when less invasive treatments for alleviating DNA damage have failed. A call for continuous monitoring is nonetheless required concerning the health of generated offspring and the potential complications of sperm retrieval.

关键词： intracytoplasmic sperm injection male infertility sperm DNA fragmentation sperm retrieval SWOT analysis testicular sperm

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Multimodal label-free microscopy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第5期7卷 17-38页

作者： nicolas Pavillon Katsumasa Fujita Nicholas Isaac Smith Biophotonics LaboratoryImmunology Frontier Research Center(IFReC Department of Applied Physics Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

This paper reviews the different multimodal applications based on a large ext ent of label-freeinaging modalities,ranging from linear to nonlinear optics,while also inchuding *** put specific emphasis on multimodal measurements going across the usual boundaries between imaging modalities,whereas most multimodal platforms combine techniquesbased on similar light interactions or similar hardware *** this review,we limitthe scope to focus on applications for biology such as live cells or tissues,since by their nat ure ofbeing alive or fragile,we are often not free to take liberties with the image acquisition times andare forced to gather the maximum amount of information possible at one *** such samples,imaging by a given label-free method usually presents a challenge in obt aining suficient opticalsignal or is limited in terms of the types of observable *** imaging is thenparticularly attractive for these samples in order to maximize the amount of measured *** multimodal imaging is always useful in the sense of acquiring additional infor-mation from additional modes,at times it is possible to attain information that could not bediscovered using any single mode alone,which is the essence of the progress that is possible usinga multimodal approach.

关键词： Optical microscopy nonlinear optics microspectroscopy

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A decade of research on patterns and architectures for IoT security

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Cybersecurity 2022年第2期5卷 27-55页

作者： Tanusan Rajmohan Phu H.Nguyen nicolas Ferry Capgemini OsloNorway SINTEF OsloNorway UniversitéCôte d’Azur I3S/INRIA KairosSophia AntipolisFrance

Security of the Internet of Things (IoT)-based Smart Systems involving sensors, actuators and distributed control loop is of paramount importance but very difficult to address. Security patterns consist of domain-independent time-proven security knowledge and expertise. How are they useful for developing secure IoT-based smart systems? Are there architectures that support IoT security? We aim to systematically review the research work published on patterns and architectures for IoT security (and privacy). Then, we want to provide an analysis on that research landscape to answer our research questions. We follow the well-known guidelines for conducting systematic literature reviews. From thousands of candidate papers initially found in our search process, we have systematically distinguished and analyzed thirty-six (36) papers that have been peer-reviewed and published around patterns and architectures for IoT security and privacy in the last decade (January 2010–December 2020). Our analysis shows that there is a rise in the number of publications tending to patterns and architectures for IoT security in the last three years. We have not seen any approach of applying systematically architectures and patterns together that can address security (and privacy) concerns not only at the architectural level, but also at the network or IoT devices level. We also explored how the research contributions in the primary studies handle the different issues from the OWASP Internet of Things (IoT) top ten vulnerabilities list. Finally, we discuss the current gaps in this research area and how to fill in the gaps for promoting the utilization of patterns for IoT security and privacy by design.

关键词： Internet of Things IoT Security Privacy Architecture Pattern Review SLR

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Spectral properties of the surface reflectance of the northern polar region of Mercury

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第3期20卷 92-107页

作者： Nguyen Bich Ngoc nicolas Bott Pham Ngoc Diep Department of Astrophysics Vietnam National Space CenterVietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc VietCau GiayHanoiVietnam Laboratoire d'Etudes Spatiales et d' Instrumentation en Astrophysique l'Observatoire de Paris5 place Jules Janssen 92195 MeudonFrance

We analyze MESSENGER reflectance measurements covering the northern polar region of Mercury,the least studied region of the northern mercurian *** use observations from the Mercury Dual Imaging System Wide-Angle Camera(MDIS/WAC)and the Mercury Atmospheric and Surface Composition Spectrometer(MASCS/VIRS)to study the spectral dependence of the surface *** results obtained from the observations made by both instruments are remarkably *** find that a second degree polynomial description of the measured reflectance spectra gives very good fits to the data and that the information that they carry can best be characterized by two parameters,the mean reflectance and the mean relative spectral slope,averaged over the explored range of *** properties of the four main types of terrains known to form Mercury’s regolith in the northern region,smooth plains(SPs),heavily cratered terrain(HCT),fresh ejecta/materials and red pitted ground(RPG),are examined in terms of these two *** results are compared,and found consistent with those obtained by earlier studies in spite of difficulties met in obtaining accurate reflectance measurements under the large incidence angle condition characteristic of polar *** results will help with the preparation of the BepiColombo mission and with supporting its observational strategy.

关键词： planets and satellites terrestrial planets-planets and satellites surfaces-techniques spectroscopic

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Machine learning assisted design of shape-programmable 3D kirigami metamaterials

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1817-1828页

作者： nicolas A.Alderete Nibir Pathak Horacio D.Espinosa Theoretical and Applied Mechanics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL60208USA

Kirigami-engineering has become an avenue for realizing multifunctional metamaterials that tap into the instability landscape of planar surfaces embedded with ***,it has been shown that two-dimensional Kirigami motifs can unfurl a rich space of out-of-plane deformations,which are programmable and controllable across spatial *** Kirigami’s versatility,arriving at a cut layout that yields the desired functionality remains a ***,we introduce a comprehensive machine learning framework to shed light on the Kirigami design space and to rationally guide the design and control of Kirigami-based materials from the meta-atom to the metamaterial *** employ a combination of clustering,tandem neural networks,and symbolic regression analyses to obtain Kirigami that fulfills specific design constraints and inform on their control and *** systematic approach is experimentally demonstrated by examining a variety of applications at different hierarchical levels,effectively providing a tool for the discovery of shape-shifting Kirigami metamaterials.

关键词： shape hierarchical shifting

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