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Journal of Information Security 2013年第4期4卷 203-212页

作者： Jorg Uffen nico Kaemmerer Michael H.Breitner Information Systems Institute Leibniz UniversitatHannoverGermany

In the last years, increasing smartphones’ capabilities have caused a paradigm shift in the way of users’ view and using mobile devices. Although researchers have started to focus on behavioral models to explain and predict human behavior, there is limited empirical research about the influence of smartphone users’ individual differences on the usage of security measures. The aim of this study is to examine the influence of individual differences on cognitive determinants of behavioral intention to use security measures. Individual differences are measured by the Five-Factor Model;cognitive determinants of behavioral intention are adapted from the validated behavioral models theory of planned behavior and technology acceptance model. An explorative, quantitative survey of 435 smartphone users is served as data basis. The results suggest that multiple facets of smartphone user’s personalities significantly affect the cognitive determinants, which indicate the behavioral intention to use security measures. From these findings, practical and theoretical implications for companies, organizations, and researchers are derived and discussed.

关键词： Security Measures Personality Traits Behavioral Models Mobile Security Smartphones

The effect of mixed vaccination rollout strategy:A modelling study

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第2期8卷 318-340页

作者： nico Stollenwerk Carlo Delfin S.Estadilla Javier Mar Joseba Bidaurrazaga Van-Dierdonck Oliver Ibarrondo Ruben Blasco-Aguado Maíra Aguiar BCAM-Basque Center for Applied Mathematics BilbaoBasque CountrySpain Dipartimento di Matematica Universita degli Studi di TrentoPovoTrentoItaly Osakidetza Basque Health Service GuipúzcoaBasque CountrySpain Biodonostia Health Research Institute GuipúzcoaBasque CountrySpain Public Health Basque Health DepartmentBilbaoBasque CountrySpain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for ScienceBilbaoBasque CountrySpain Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department University of the Basque CountryLeioaBasque CountrySpain

Vaccines have measurable efficacy obtained first from vaccine ***,vaccine efficacy(VE)is not a static measure and long-term population studies are needed to evaluate its performance and ***-19 vaccines have been developed in record time and the currently licensed vaccines are extremely effective against severe disease with higher VE after the full immunization *** assess the impact of the initial phase of the COVID-19 vaccination rollout programmes,we used an extended Susceptible-Hospitalized-Asymptomatic/mild-Recovered(SHAR)*** models were proposed to evaluate different vaccine types:vaccine type 1 which protects against severe disease only but fails to block disease transmission,and vaccine type 2 which protects against both severe disease and *** was assumed as reported by the vaccine trials incorporating the difference in efficacy between one and two doses of vaccine *** described the performance of the vaccine in reducing hospitalizations during a momentary scenario in the Basque Country,*** a population in a mixed vaccination setting,our results have shown that reductions in hospitalized COVID-19 cases were observed five months after the vaccination rollout started,from May to June *** in June,a good agreement between modelling simulation and empirical data was well pronounced.

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccine efficacy Bayesian approach Herd immunity

Measuring Autogenic Recharge over a Karst Aquifer Utilizing Eddy Covariance Evapotranspiration

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第9期6卷 869-879页

作者： nico M. Hauwert John M. Sharp City of Austin Watershed Protection Department Austin USA Jackson School of Geosciences University of Texas at Austin Austin USA

Autogenic, or direct aquifer recharge can best be measured as the remainder of a water balance utilizing precise measurement of precipitation, evapotranspiration (ET) and runoff. ET is the largest component of a precipitation water balance and can be measured within 5% using an eddy covariance system with Bowen-ratio energy balance corrections. Water balance components of precipitation, evapotranspiration, internal runoff, soil moisture were measured using a eddy covariance system, tipping bucket and visual rain gauges, flumes, and soil-moisture sensors. The research site was located within a 0.19-km2 (46-acre) internal drainage sinkhole basin where runoff never flows beyond the basin, but potentially reaches a cave serving as a drain to the sinkhole. Other than the cave drain, the basin slopes are indistinguishable from other slopes across the Barton Springs Segment of the Edwards Aquifer. Over a 505-day water balance interval where change in soil moisture was negligible and precipitation was 42% above average, ET was 68% of precipitation, discrete internal runoff was 6%, and remaining component of diffuse autogenic recharge was measured as the residual of total rainfall as 26% of rainfall. Over a longer period of average rainfall, internal runoff diminished to 3%, but was as high as 42% of precipitation during single storms when the soils were near saturation. These results closely match results from a five-year water balance over the Trinity Aquifer of Central Texas where ET was measured to be 65% of precipitation using a Bowen-ratio climate tower, runoff was measured to be 5% of precipitation, and recharge was calculated as the residual at 30% of rainfall. ET flux tower data from other sites across Central Texas indicate that under average precipitation conditions, autogenic recharge is about 28% and intervening recharge area runoff is about 3% of precipitation. During years of higher than average precipitation, authogenic recharge and intervening recharge area

关键词： Evapotranspiration Recharge Edwards Aquifer Karst Water Balance

Biocompatibility and degradation comparisons of four biodegradable copolymeric osteosynthesis systems used in maxillofacial surgery: A goat model with four years follow-up

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第11期7卷 439-456页

作者： Barzi Gareb nico Bvan Bakelen Leon Driessen Pieter Buma Jeroen Kuipers Dirk W.Grijpma Arjan Vissink Ruud R.M.Bos Baucke van Minnen University of Groningen University Medical Center GroningenDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryHanzeplein 19713 GZP.O.Box 300019700 RBGroningenthe Netherlands Radboud University Medical Center Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesOrthopaedic Research LabHoutlaan 46525 XZP.O.Box 91026500 HCNijmegenthe Netherlands University of Groningen University Medical Center GroningenDepartment of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and SystemsHanzeplein 19713 GZP.O.Box 300019700 RBGroningenthe Netherlands University of Twente TechMed CentreDepartment of Biomaterials Science and TechnologyDrienerlolaan 57522 NBP.O.Box 2177500 AEEnschedethe Netherlands

pplying biodegradable osteosyntheses avoids the disadvantages of titanium osteosyntheses. However, foreign-body reactions remain a major concern and evidence of complete resorption is lacking. This study compared the physico-chemical properties, histological response and radiographs of four copolymeric biodegradable osteo-synthesis systems in a goat model with 48-months follow-up. The systems were implanted subperiosteally in both tibia and radius of 12 Dutch White goats. The BioSorb FX [poly(70LLA-co-30DLLA)], Inion CPS [poly([70–78.5] LLA-co-[16–24]DLLA-co-4TMC)], SonicWeld Rx [poly(DLLA)], LactoSorb [poly(82LLA-co-18GA)] systems and a negative control were randomly implanted in each extremity. Samples were assessed at 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-, 36-, and 48-month follow-up. Surface topography was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential scanning calorimetry and gel permeation chromatography were performed on initial and explanted samples. Histological sections were systematically assessed by two blinded researchers using (polarized) light microscopy, SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The SonicWeld Rx system was amorphous while the others were semi-crystalline. Foreign-body reactions were not observed during the complete follow-up. The SonicWeld Rx and LactoSorb systems reached bone percentages of negative controls after 18 months while the BioSorb Fx and Inion CPS systems reached these levels after 36 months. The SonicWeld Rx system showed the most predictable degradation profile. All the biodegradable systems were safe to use and well-tolerated (i.e., complete implant replacement by bone, no clinical or histological foreign body reactions, no [sterile] abscess formation, no re-interventions needed), but nanoscale residual polymeric fragments were observed at every system’s assessment.

关键词： Biocompatible materials Absorbable implants Polymers Orthopaedic fixation devices Reconstructive surgical procedures Fracture fixation

Comparison of Brown Midrib Sorghum with Conventional Sorghum Forage for Grazing Dairy Cows

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第7期5卷 955-962页

作者： Laura Astigarraga Ana Bianco Ricardo Mello Dana Montedónico Department of Animal Production and Pastures Faculty of Agronomy University of the Republic Montevideo Uruguay

A brown midrib (BMR) sorghum pasture was compared with normal sorghum for its effects on performance of Holstein cows in midlactation in terms of milk production and composition at grazing over three periods (Period 1: 20/01 to 31/01, Period 2: 17/02 to 28/02, Period 3: 19/03 to 30/03). Forty Holstein cows were grouped according to pre-experimental milk production (22.4 ± 4.2 kg/d milk), live weight (530 ± 25 kg) and lactation stage (127 ± 63 days) and assigned randomly to one of the two experimental pasture. Pasture was assigned on equal basis at an allowance 25 kg DM/cow/day (above 10 cm), assuming a 65% forage utilization and cows received 4 kg of concentrate per day. Simultaneously, both pastures were evaluated with sheep, to analyze digestibility at every grazing period. The BMR sorghum supported higher FCM than normal sorghum (18.5 vs. 17.8 l/day, P < 0.05). Additionally, production of milk components was greater (+52 g/day/cow and +36 g/day/cow for fat and protein respectively, P 0.05), with fewer intake of concentrate (-0.4 kg/day/cow, P 0.05) when compared with cows grazing normal sorghum. Those results are in accordance with greater (P 0.05) total digestive tract DM, OM and NDF in vivo digestibilities for BMR sorghum (65.0, 67.1, 65.9 respectively) than for normal sorghum (60.3, 62.0, 61.3 respectively). The increased digestibility of BMR sorghum must be associated with the compositional differences on fiber which allowed a higher cell wall digestion. Results of this study indicate that the BMR sorghum hybrid outperformed the normal sorghum hybrid resulting in a higher performance per cow with lower concentrate consumption compared with normal sorghum.

关键词： Brown Midrib Forage Sorghum Digestibility Milk Production Dairy Cows

Biodiversity and belowground interactions mediate community invasion resistance against a tall herb invader

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2010年第2期3卷 99-108页

作者： Christoph Scherber Peter NMwangi Martin Schmitz Michael Scherer-Lorenzen Holger Beßler Christof Engels nico Eisenhauer Varvara DMigunova Stefan Scheu Wolfgang WWeisser Ernst-Detlef Schulze Bernhard Schmid Agroecology Department of Crop ScienceUniversity of GottingenWaldweg 26D-37073 GottingenGermany Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstraße 92CH-8057 ZurichSwitzerland Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Hans-Knoll Straße 10D-07745 JenaGermany Institute of Ecology Jena UniversityDornburger Straße 159D-07743 JenaGermany Institut fur Biologie II/Geobotanik Schanzlestr.1D-79104 FreiburgGermany Humboldt Universitat zu Berlin Fachgebiet PflanzenernahrungAlbrecht-Thaer-Weg 4D-14195 BerlinGermany J.F.Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology University of GottingenBerliner Str.28D-37073 GottingenGermany K.I.Skryabin All-Russian Institute of Helminthology Bolschaya Tcheryomuschkinskaya str.28117218 MoscowRussia

Aims Species-rich plant communities are hypothesized to be more resistant against plant invasions because they use resources in a more efficient ***,the relative contributions of aboveground competition and belowground interactions for invasion resistance are still poorly *** We compared the performance of Knautia arvensis transplants growing in plots differing in plant diversity both under full competition and with shoots of neighbors tied back to determine the relative strength of aboveground competition in suppressing this test invader without the confounding effect of *** addition,we assessed the effects of belowground competition and soil-borne pathogens on transplant *** Findings Both aboveground competition and plant species richness strongly and independently affected invader *** biomass,height,leaf mass per area and flowering of transplanted individuals of *** decreased with increasing species richness of the host ***-rich and species-poor communities both imposed equally strong aboveground competition on ***,belowground interactions(especially belowground root competition)had strong negative effects on transplant *** addition,the presence of grasses in a plant community further reduced the performance of *** results suggest that belowground competition can render species-rich host communities more suppressive to newly arriving species,thus enhancing community invasion resistance.

关键词： aboveground competition competitive suppression belowground interactions root competition shoot exclusion species richness

Topology Control for Ad-Hoc Networks: A Comprehensive Review for Table Driven and On-Demand Routing Protocols

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Communications and Network 2013年第3期5卷 239-246页

作者： Jeferson Wilian de Godoy Stênico Lee Luan Ling School of Electrical and Computer Engineering State University of Campinas—UNICAMP Campinas Brazil

Routing on ad-hoc network has become a major research issue among the networking communities due to its increasing complexity and the surge of challenging problems. One major factor contributing to this tendency is that every terminal of an ad-hoc network is also functioning as a network router. In this paper we provide a comprehensive review about the principles and mechanisms of routing protocols used in ad-hoc networks. For comparison purposes, we discuss some relevant technical issues of two well-known routing strategies, namely On-Demand (Proactive routing) and Table-Driven (Reactive routing). In particular, focus our attention on two major and well-known routing protocols: AODV (Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Protocol) and OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing Protocol). Our study has no intention to suggest any definite solution for any ad-hoc network, because it is the case depending on dictated by the nature and varying factors of networks. Instead, we demonstrate our major perception and describe general models that may assist us while modeling a given network.

关键词： Ad-Hoc Distributed Protocols On-Demand Protocols Routing Tables

Balanced propofol sedation administered by nonanesthesiologists:The first Italian experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第33期17卷 3818-3823页

作者： Alessandro Repici nico Pagano Cesare Hassan Alessandra Carlino Giacomo Rando Giuseppe Strangio Fabio Romeo Angelo Zullo Elisa Ferrara Eva Vitetta Daniel de Paula Pessoa Ferreira Silvio Danese Massimo Arosio Alberto Malesci Department of Gastroenterology IRCCS Istituto Clinico HumanitasVia Manzoni 5620089 RozzanoMilanItaly Department of Anaesthesiology IRCCS Istituto Clinico HumanitasVia Manzoni 5620089 RozzanoMilanItaly

AIM:To assess the efficacy and safety of a balanced approach using midazolam in combination with propofol,administered by nonanesthesiologists,in a large series of diagnostic ***:Consecutive patients undergoing diagnostic colonoscopy were sedated with a single dose of midazolam(0.05 mg/kg)and lowdose propofol(starter bolus of 0.5 mg/kg and repeated boluses of 10 to 20 mg).Induction time and deepest level of sedation,adverse and serious adverse events,as well as recovery times,were prospectively *** intubation and adenoma detection rates were also ***:Overall,1593 eligible patients were *** median dose of propofol administered was 70 mg(range:40120 mg),and the median dose of midazolam was 2.3 mg(range:24 mg).Median induction time of sedation was 3 min(range:14 min),and median recovery time was 23 min(range:1040 min).A moderate level of sedation was achieved in 1561(98%) patients,whilst a deep sedation occurred in 32(2%) *** oxygen desaturation requiring further oxygen supplementation occurred in 8(0.46%;95% CI:0.2%0.8%)*** serious adverse event was *** intubation and adenoma detection rates were 93.5%and 23.4%(27.8%for male and 18.5%for female,subjects),***:A balanced sedation protocol provided a minimalization of the dose of propofol needed to target a moderate sedation for colonoscopy,resulting in a high safety profile for nonanesthesiologist propofol sedation.

关键词： Colonoscopy Propofol Sedation

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农村市场发育与村庄经济研究

中国农村观察 2004年第1期 44-55页

作者：石晓平曲福田 nico Heerink Marijke Kuiper 南京农业大学土地管理学院荷兰瓦赫宁根大学社会经济学系发展经济组

近年来随着农村改革的不断深入以及农户非农就业的增加 ,农村要素市场和产品市场已逐渐出现。当农户之间的市场交换活动发生在村庄内或一个小区域之内时 ,农户之间的市场交换就会使农户之间产生很强的市场联系 ,一部分农户的生产、消费... 详细信息

近年来随着农村改革的不断深入以及农户非农就业的增加 ,农村要素市场和产品市场已逐渐出现。当农户之间的市场交换活动发生在村庄内或一个小区域之内时 ,农户之间的市场交换就会使农户之间产生很强的市场联系 ,一部分农户的生产、消费决策行为的变化就和另一部分农户行为的变化紧密联系起来 ,政策变化对农户的影响就要考虑农户之间的这种联系 ,这时就适用村庄经济的研究方法如村庄社会核算矩阵乘数模型、一般均衡模型等方法。本文通过对三个村的要素市场和产品市场的分析发现 ,农村土地租赁、农业劳动力、借贷市场已经相当发育 ,农户之间由于这些市场的存在而产生了紧密的联系 ,其他要素和产品市场也在一定程度上得到发育 ,但由于主要是外向性以及农户较少参与其中而对农户之间的联系影响较弱 ,但三个市场农户的参与以及市场紧密的联系已经为应用村庄经济研究方法提供了充分的证据。

关键词：农村市场村庄经济农村改革农户就业要素市场政策生产消费决策

Analysis of travel time, sources of water and well protection zones with groundwater models

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2015年第4期3卷 363-374页

作者： ZHOU Yang-xiao Parvez Sarwer Hossain nico van der Moot UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education The Institution of Engineers Water Supply Company

This study compares numerical models with analytical solutions in computing travel times and radius of protection zones for a pumping well located in an unconfined aquifer with uniform recharge and in a semi-confined aquifer. Numerical models were capable of delineating protection zones using particle tracking method in both cases. However, protection zones defined by travel time criterion can only protect small percent of source water to the well; large percent of source water is not protected which may pose a risk of pollution of source water to the well. The case study of Leggeloo well field in the Netherlands indicates that although a well field protection area was enforced in 1980 s, elevated nitrate concentration has been monitored in the abstracted water since 1990 s. The analysis of protection areas shows that the current protection area only protects 37.4% of recharge water to the well field. A large protection area must be adopted in order to safeguard the sustainable water supply for the local community.

关键词： Travel time Sources of water Protection zone Groundwater models