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Hybrid 2D–3D optical devices for integrated optics by direct laser writing

Light(Science & Applications) 2014年第1期3卷 173-181页

作者： Martin Schumann Tiemo Buckmann nico gruhler Martin Wegener Wolfram Pernice Institute of Applied Physics and DFG-Center for Functional Nanostructures(CFN) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76131 KarlsruheGermany Institute of Nanotechnology(INT) 76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

Integrated optical chips have already been established for application in optical *** also offer interesting future perspectives for integrated quantum optics on a *** present,however,they are mostly fabricated using essentially planar fabrication approaches like electron-beam lithography or UV optical *** further design options would arise if one had complete fabrication freedom in regard to the third dimension normal to the chip without having to give up the virtues and the know-how of existing planar fabrication *** a step in this direction,we here use three-dimensional dip-in direct-laser-writing optical lithography to fabricate three-dimensional polymeric functional devices on pre-fabricated planar optical chips containing Si3N4 waveguides as well as grating couplers made by standard electron-beam *** first example is a polymeric dielectric rectangular-shaped waveguide which is connected to Si3N4 waveguides and that is adiabatically twisted along its axis to achieve geometrical rotation of linear polarization on the *** rotator’s broadband performance at around 1550 nm wavelength is verified by polarization-dependent grating *** polarization rotation on the optical chip cannot easily be achieved by other *** second example is a whispering-gallery-mode optical resonator connected to Si_(3)N_(4) waveguides on the chip via polymeric *** mechanically connecting the latter to the disk,we can control the coupling to the resonator and,at the same time,guarantee mechanical stability of the three-dimensional architecture on the chip.

关键词： direct laser writing integrated optics nanophotonic circuits polarization conversion

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Beaming light from a quantum emitter with a planar optical antenna

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Light(Science & Applications) 2016年第1期5卷 20-27页

作者： Simona Checcucci Pietro Lombardi Sahrish Rizvi Fabrizio Sgrignuoli nico gruhler Frederik BC Dieleman Francesco S Cataliotti Wolfram HP Pernice Mario Agio Costanza Toninelli European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy(LENS) 50019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly National Institute of Optics(CNR-INO) 50019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia Universitàdegli Studi di Firenze50019 Sesto FiorentinoItaly Center for Quantum Science and Technology in Arcetri(QSTAR) 50125 FlorenceItaly Institute of Nanotechnology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)76344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany Institute of Physics University of Muenster48149 MuensterGermany The Blackett Laboratory Department of PhysicsImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Laboratory of Nano-Optics University of Siegen57072 SiegenGermany

The efficient interaction of light with quantum emitters is crucial to most applications in nano and quantum photonics,such as sensing or quantum information *** excitation and photon extraction are particularly important for the weak signals emitted by a single atom or *** works have introduced novel collection strategies,which demonstrate that large efficiencies can be achieved by either planar dielectric antennas combined with high numerical aperture objectives or optical nanostructures that beam emission into a narrow angular ***,the first approach requires the use of elaborate collection optics,while the latter is based on accurate positioning of the quantum emitter near complex nanoscale architectures;hence,sophisticated fabrication and experimental capabilities are *** we present a theoretical and experimental demonstration of a planar optical antenna that beams light emitted by a single molecule,which results in increased collection efficiency at small angles without stringent requirements on the emitter *** proposed device exhibits broadband performance and is spectrally scalable,and it is simple to fabricate and therefore applies to a wide range of quantum *** design finds immediate application in spectroscopy,quantum optics and sensing.

关键词： collection efficiency fluorescence microscopy optical nano-antennas single molecule

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