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A focused review on recent advances in diagnosis and management of fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatoma Research 2022年第1期8卷 284-300页

作者： Mahmoud Aryan nicholas Forrister nishah Panchani Bijal Vashi Zahara Chowdhury Haider A.Mejbel Mohamed Shoreibah Tinsley Harrison Internal Medicine Residency Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham17202nd Avenue SouthBDB 327BirminghamAL 35294USA University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine Department of Medicine17202nd Ave S.BirminghamAL 35294USA University of Mississippi Medical Center School of Medicine Department of Medicine2500 N State St.JacksonMS 39213USA Division of Surgical and Molecular Genetics Pathology Department of PathologyUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham61919th St SBirminghamAL 35233USA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham18087th Avenue SouthBDB 391BirminghamAL 35294USA

Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma(FHCC)is a rare primary malignancy of the liver for which data remain *** tumor is more often diagnosed in younger patient populations in the absence of underlying cirrhosis and *** lesions can be diagnosed on computed tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging with common findings including central calcifications,a central stellate scar,and radiating fibrotic *** markers have not proved useful for diagnosis;however,pathologic analysis can be implemented to aid in diagnosis with findings including ample granular eosinophilic cytoplasm,nuclei with open chromatin and prominent macronuclei,hyaline and pale bodies,and dense lamellar fibrosis that divides the cells into cords or *** demonstrates aggressive malignant potential with nodal *** patterns have remained mainly surgical;however,systemic therapies have been implemented and are under further investigation with clinical *** therapies and radiation therapies have been trialed *** this focused review,we discuss the most up-to-date perspective on epidemiology,clinical presentation,diagnostic approach,differential diagnosis,treatment regimens,prognosis,and future directions of FHCC.

关键词： Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis treatment surgery systemic histology review

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numerical simulation on AC loss in REBCO tapes carrying non-sinusoidal currents

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Superconductivity 2023年第4期8卷 18-25页

作者： Katsuya Uejima Yueming Sun Daisuke Miyagi Jakub Glowacki nicholas J.Long Zhenan Jiang Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chiba UniversityChiba 263-8522Japan Paihau-Robinson Research Institute Victoria University of WellingtonWellington 6140New Zealand

AC loss is one of the greatest obstacles for high‐temperature superconducting(HTS)*** some HTS applications,coated conductors carry non‐sinusoidal ***,it is important to investigate the effect of various waveforms on AC loss in coated *** this work,transport AC loss in a 4 mm‐wide REBCO coated conductor carrying sinusoidal and non‐sinusoidal currents,is numerically *** current amplitudes,the frequency of the transport current,and n‐value are ***‐sinusoidal transport current waveforms studied include square,five types of trapezoidal,and triangular *** results show that,for a given current amplitude,AC loss for the square current waveform is the greatest,that for the triangular waveform is the *** sequence of AC loss in the conductor for different current waveforms coincides with the penetration depth,which implies the penetration depth determines the AC loss of the coated ***,the transport AC loss in the conductor was found to decrease with frequency as f2=n for non‐sinusoidal transport current.

关键词： REBCO coated conductors AC loss non‐sinusoidal current

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Analysis of Gene Expression Patterns during Seed Coat Development in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2011年第6期4卷 1074-1091页

作者： Gillian Dean YongGuo Cao DaoQuan Xiang nicholas J. Provart Larissa Ramsay Abdul Ahad Rick White Gopalan Selvaraj Raju Datla George Haughn Department of Botany University of British Columbia 6270 University Blvd Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada national Research Council of Canada Plant Biotechnology Institute 110 Gymnasium Place Saskatoon SK S7N owg Canada Department of Cell and Systems Biology/Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function University of Toronto 25 Willcocks St Toronto ON M5S 3B2 Canada Department of Statistics University of British Columbia 6356 Agricultural Road Vancouver BC V6T 1Z2 Canada

The seed coat is important for embryo protection, seed hydration, and dispersal. Seed coat composition is also of interest to the agricultural sector, since it impacts the nutritional value for humans and livestock alike. Although some seed coat genes have been identified, the developmental pathways controlling seed coat development are not completely elucidated, and a global genetic program associated with seed coat development has not been reported. This study uses a combination of genetic and genomic approaches in Arabidopsis thaliana to begin to address these knowledge gaps. Seed coat development is a complex process whereby the integuments of the ovule differentiate into specialized cell types. In Arabidopsis, the outermost layer of cells secretes mucilage into the apoplast and develops a secondary cell wall known as a columella. The layer beneath the epidermis, the palisade, synthesizes a secondary cell wall on its inner tangential side. The innermost layer （the pigmented layer or endothelium） produces proanthocyanidins that condense into tannins and oxidize, giving a brown color to mature seeds. Genetic separation of these cell layers was achieved using the ap2-7 and tt16-1 mutants, where the epidermis/palisade and the endothelium do not develop respectively. This genetic ablation was exploited to examine the developmental programs of these cell types by isolating and collecting seed coats at key tran- sitions during development and performing global gene expression analysis. The data indicate that the developmental programs of the epidermis and the pigmented layer proceed relatively independently. Global expression datasets that can be used for identification of new gene candidates for seed coat development were generated. These dataset provide a comprehensive expression profile for developing seed coats in Arabidopsis, and should provide a useful resource and reference for other seed systems.

关键词： Seed coat microarray APETALA2 TRAnSPAREnT TESTA16 mucilage pectin secondary cell wall pigmentedlayer proanthocyanidin.

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Investigation on the Potential Production of Diesel from Waste Tires

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2022年第10期10卷 1-12页

作者： Stanford Mudono nicholas Jim Jean Tsitsi Chigova Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering National University of Science and Technology Bulawayo Zimbabwe

An alternative fuel production was performed by catalytic-pyrolysis of waste tires under a nitrogen (n2) environment and with a zeolite catalyst. Pyrolysis of scrap tires has been pointed out as an alternative to the incorrect disposal of tire wastes. Pyrolysis processes can produce tire-derived oils that may be used as fuel or added to conventional fuels, producing fuel blends with improved properties and reduced cost. The pyrolysis process can contribute to removing tire residues from inadequate sites and it can be a sustainable process to produce alternative fuels. The project investigated the conversion of the waste tires into diesel as one way of waste management and also as a viable process which in turn helps to meet the fuel demand. Uses of the diesel and the by-products from the process were also outlined. Experiments were conducted on the pyrolysis process in order to find the optimum conditions for producing the diesel through pyrolysis;the temperature and residence time were optimized in order to get maximum output from the process. The optimum temperature of the reaction was found to be 520˚C and the optimum residence time was 92.5 minutes. Quality tests of the product were then conducted on the obtained product and most of the properties were found to meet the required standard specifications. The most critical properties which are density, final boiling point, flash point and kinematic viscosity, were found to be 0.8495 g/cm3, 370˚C, 50.5˚C and 3.681 cSt, respectively, and they were within the required specifications. Quality analysis showed that a quality product that is suitable for automobiles could be obtained from the process. The process also produces useful by-products such as char, which can aid in the purification process of the diesel after conversion to activated carbon. The process is environmentally friendly if the appropriate pollution prevention methods like gas absorption are thoroughly implemented. Wa

关键词： Density Pyrolysis Residence Time Diesel Flash Point Kinematic Viscosity

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作者： (英)n. H. 巴顿(nicholas H. Barton)[等]

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Biomimetic mineralized hybrid scaffolds with antimicrobial peptides

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第8期6卷 2250-2260页

作者： Zhou Ye Xiao Zhu Isha Mutreja Sunil Kumar Bod nicholas G.Fischer Anqi Zhang Christine Lui Yipin Qi Conrado Aparicio The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology&Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education School of StomatologyWuhan UniversityWuhan430079China Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics Department of Restorative SciencesSchool of DentistryUniversity of MinnesotaMN55455USA Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics Guanghua School of StomatologyHospital of StomatologyGuangdong Key Laboratory of StomatologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510000China

Infection in hard tissue regeneration is a clinically-relevant *** of scaffolds with dual function for promoting bone/dental tissue growth and preventing bacterial infections is a critical need in the *** we fabricated hybrid scaffolds by intrafibrillar-mineralization of collagen using a biomimetic process and subsequently coating the scaffold with an antimicrobial designer peptide with cationic and amphipathic *** highly hydrophilic mineralized collagen scaffolds provided an ideal substrate to form a dense and stable coating of the antimicrobial *** amount of hydroxyapatite in the mineralized fibers modulated the rheological behavior of the scaffolds with no influence on the amount of recruited peptides and the resulting increase in *** developed scaffolds were potent by contact killing of Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Streptococcus gordonii as well as cytocompatible to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal *** process of scaffold fabrication is versatile and can be used to control mineral load and/or intrafibrillar-mineralized scaffolds made of other biopolymers.

关键词： Biomimetic mineralization Antimicrobial Cationic and amphipathic peptides Hard tissue cytocompatibility

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Clinical outcomes for men with positive surgical margins after radical prostatectomy—results from the South Australian Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative community-based registry

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Asian Journal of Urology 2023年第4期10卷 502-511页

作者： Kerri R.Beckmann Michael E.O'Callaghan Andrew D.Vincent Kim L.Moretti nicholas R.Brook Cancer Epidemiology and Population Health Research University of South AustraliaAdelaideAustralia Translational Oncology and Urology Research Division of Pharmaceutical and Cancer StudiesKings College LondonLondonUK South Australian Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative Flinders Medical CentreAdelaideAustralia The Freemason's Foundation Centre for Men's Health Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Discipline of Surgery University of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia Department of Urology Royal Adelaide HospitalAdelaideAustralia

Objective Positive surgical margins(PSMs)after radical prostatectomy(RP)indicate failure of surgery to completely clear *** confer an increased risk of biochemical recurrence(BCR),but how more robust outcomes are affected is *** study investigated factors associated with PSMs following RP and determined their impact on clinical outcomes(BCR,second treatment[radiotherapy and/or androgen deprivation therapy],and prostate cancer-specific mortality[PCSM]).Methods The study cohort included men diagnosed with prostate cancer(pT2-3b/n0/M0)between January 1998 and June 2016 who underwent RP from the South Australian Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative *** associated with risk of PSMs were identified using Poisson *** impact of PSMs on clinical outcomes(BCR,second treatment,and PCSM)was assessed using competing risk *** Of the 2827 eligible participants,28%had PSMs—10%apical,6%bladder neck,17%posterolateral,and 5%at multiple *** follow-up was 9.6 years with 81 deaths from prostate cancer *** of PSM increased with higher pathological grade and pathological tumor stage,and greater tumour volume,but decreased with increasing surgeon volume(odds ratio[OR]:0.93;95%confidence interval[CI]:0.88-0.98,per 100 previous prostatectomies).PSMs were associated with increased risk of BCR(adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio[sHR]2.5;95%CI 2.1-3.1)and second treatment(sHR 2.9;95%CI 2.4-3.5).Risk of BCR was increased similarly for each PSM location,but was higher for multiple margin *** found no association between PSMs and *** Our findings support previous research suggesting that PSMs are not independently associated with PCSM despite strong association with *** PSM rates remains an important objective,given the higher likelihood of secondary treatment with associated comorbidities.

关键词： Prostate cancer Positive surgical margin Biochemical recurrence Radical

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Mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils by precision management

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第1期7卷 75-80页

作者： Robert M.REES Juliette MAIRE Anna FLOREnCE nicholas COWAn Ute SKIBA Tony van der WEERDEn Xiaotang JU Scotland's Rural College EdinburghScotlandEH93JGUK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Bush EstatePenicuikScotlandEH26 OQBUK AgResearch Invermay Agricultural CentreMosgiel 9053New Zealand College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

nitrous oxide(n2O)emissions make up a significant part of agricultural greenhouse gas *** is an urgent need to identify new approaches to the mitigation of these emissions with emerging *** this short review four approaches to precision managements of agricultural systems are described based on examples of work being undertaken in the UK and new *** offer the opportunity for n2 O mitigation without any reduction in *** approaches depend upon new sensor technology,modeling and spatial information with which to make management decisions and interventions that can both improve agricultural productivity and environmental protection.

关键词： decision support systems mitigation nitrous oxide precision farming

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Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases,restore biodiversity and protect health

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Stroke & Vascular neurology 2021年第3期6卷 321-323页

作者： Lukoye Atwoli Abdullah H Baqui Thomas Benfield Raffaella Bosurgi Fiona Godlee Stephen Hancocks Richard Horton Laurie Laybourn-Langton Carlos Augusto Monteiro Ian norman Kirsten Patrick nigel Praities Marcel GM Olde Rikkert Eric J Rubin Peush Sahni Richard Smith nicholas J Talley Sue Turale Damián Vázquez East African Medical Journal NairobiKenya Journal of Health Population and NutritionBaltimoreMarylandUSA Danish Medical Journal CopenhagenDenmark PLOS Medicine CambridgeUK The BMJ LondonUK British Dental Journal LondonUK The Lancet LondonUK UK Health Alliance on Climate Change LondonUK Revista de Saúde Pública S鉶PauloBrazil International Journal of nursing Studies LondonUK CMAJ OttawaOntarioCanada Pharmaceutical Journal LondonUK Dutch Journal of Medicine NijmegenThe Netherlands nEJM BostonMassachusettsUSA national Medical Journal of India New DelhiIndia Medical Journal of Australia NewcastleNew South WalesAustralia International nursing Review GenevaSwitzerland Pan American Journal of Public Health WashingtonDCUSA

Wealthy nations must do much more,much *** United nations General Assembly in September 2021 will bring countries together at a critical time for marshalling collective action to tackle the global environmental *** will meet again at the biodiversity summit in Kunming,China,and the climate conference(Conference of the Parties(COP)26)in Glasgow,*** of these pivotal meetings,we-the editors of health journals worldwide-call for urgent action to keep average global temperature increases below 1.5℃,halt the destruction of nature and protect health.

关键词： action collective faster

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Wide & deep learning for predicting relative mineral compositions of sediment cores solely based on XRF scans, a case study from Pleistocene Paleolake Olduvai, Tanzania

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Artificial Intelligence in Geosciences 2024年第1期5卷 244-256页

作者： Gayantha R.L.Kodikara Lindsay J.McHenry Ian G.Stanistreet Harald Stollhofen Jackson K.njau nicholas Toth Kathy Schick Department of Geosciences University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee3209 NMaryland AveMilwaukeeWI53211USA Department of Earth Ocean and Ecological SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolBrownlow StreetLiverpoolL693GPUK The Stone Age Institute BloomingtonIN47407-5097USA GeoZentrum nordbayern Friedrich-Alexander-University(FAU)Erlangen-NümbergSchloβgarten 591054ErlangenGermany Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Indiana University1001 East 10th StreetBloomingtonIN47405-1405USA

This study develops a method to use deep learning models to predict the mineral assemblages and their relative abundances in paleolake cores using high-resolution XRF core scan elemental data and X-ray diffraction(XRD)mineralogical results from the same core taken at coarser *** uses the XRF core scan data along with published mineralogical information from the Olduvai Gorge Coring Project(OGCP)2014 sediment cores 1A,2A,and 3A from Paleolake Olduvai,*** regression and classification models were developed using a Keras deep learning framework to assess the predictability of mineral assemblages with their relative abundances(in regression models)or at least the mineral assemblages(in classification models)using XRF core scan *** were created using the Sequential class and Functional API with different model *** correlation matrix of element ratios calculated from XRF element intensity records from the cores and XRD-derived mineralogical information was used to select the most useful features to train the models.1057 training data records were used for the *** classes were also used for some models using Wide&Deep neural networks since those combine the benefits of memorization and generalization for mineral *** results were validated using 265 validation data records unseen by the model and discuss the accuracy of models using six test *** optimized Deep neural network(Dnn)classification model achieved over 86%binary accuracy while the regression models were also able to predict the relative mineral abundances of samples with high ***,the study shows the efficacy of a carefully crafted Deep Learning(DL)model for predicting mineral assemblages and abundances using high-resolution XRF core scan data.

关键词： Paleo Pleistocene XRF

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