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基于生物材料支架的局部给药系统在癌症免疫治疗中的应用

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Science Bulletin 2020年第17期65卷 1489-1504,M0004页

作者：杨晨 nicholas thomas blum 林静屈军乐黄鹏 Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer CenterLaboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics(LET)School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhen 518060China Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

免疫治疗因其在治疗广谱肿瘤的显著临床治疗效果而备受关注.然而,不能控制治疗药物在肿瘤部位局部滞留和维持有效药物浓度是癌症免疫治疗的一大挑战.基于生物材料支架的局部给药系统有望解决这一挑战,其能轻易和集中地递送免疫治疗剂到... 详细信息

免疫治疗因其在治疗广谱肿瘤的显著临床治疗效果而备受关注.然而,不能控制治疗药物在肿瘤部位局部滞留和维持有效药物浓度是癌症免疫治疗的一大挑战.基于生物材料支架的局部给药系统有望解决这一挑战,其能轻易和集中地递送免疫治疗剂到肿瘤原位,从而降低系统给药带来的全身毒性.本文总结了基于生物材料支架的局部给药系统的研究进展,递送的免疫治疗剂包括疫苗、免疫调节剂和免疫细胞等;介绍了生物材料支架类局部药物共递送系统在抗肿瘤免疫联合治疗中的应用,包括化疗免疫治疗、光热免疫治疗等;最后,讨论了生物支架类局部给药系统所面临的挑战以及发展前景.

关键词：全身毒性免疫治疗局部药物递送系统生物支架免疫调节剂免疫细胞抗肿瘤免疫

Unmet supportive care needs in families of children with chronic health conditions: an Australian cross‑sectional study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第12期19卷 1181-1191页

作者： Sangeetha thomas Linda K.Byrne nicholas P.Ryan Christel Hendrieckx Victoria White School of Psychology Faculty of HealthDeakin UniversityMelbourneVIC 3125Australia Department of Paediatrics University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Australian Centre for Behavioural Research in Diabetes MelbourneVICAustralia Institute of Health Transformation Deakin UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Cancer Council Victoria MelbourneVICAustralia

Background The aim of this study was to identify similarities and diferences in the unmet supportive care needs(USCN)of families of children with major chronic health conditions(CHCs)using a universal need assessment *** A cross-sectional online survey involving parents of children with congenital heart disease(CHD),type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1D),cancer,and asthma diagnosed within the last 5 years recruited via social media and support ***-four items assessing the USCN across six domains(care needs,physical and social needs,informational needs,support needs,fnancial needs,child-related emotional needs)were responded to on a 4-point Likert scale[no need(1)to high need(4)].Descriptive statistics identifed the level of need,and linear regressions identifed factors associated with higher need domain *** to small numbers,the asthma group was excluded from comparisons across *** One hundred and ninety-four parents completed the survey(CHD:n=97,T1D:n=50,cancer:n=39,and asthma:n=8).Parents of children with cancer were most likely to report at least one USCN(92%),followed by parents of children with T1D(62%).The fve most commonly reported USCN across CHCs were drawn from four domains:child-related emotional,support,care,and *** need items were included in the top fve needs for all conditions.A higher USCN was associated with a greater frequency of hospital visits and the absence of parental *** Using a universal need assessment tool,this is one of the frst studies to characterize USCN in families of children diagnosed with common *** proportions endorsing diferent needs varied across conditions,the most endorsed needs were similar across the illness *** suggests that support programs or services could be shared across diferent CHCs.

关键词： Children Chronic illness Need assessment Unmet supportive care needs

Response to Goldstein et al.(2022)Humanitarian action in academic institutions:a case study in the ethical stewardship of unidentified forensic cases

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 826-829页

作者： nicholas Passalacqua Brian Spatola Richard thomas Department of Anthropology Western Carolina UniversityCullowheeNCUSA National Museum of Health and Medicine Silver SpringMDUSA Anthropology Unit Federal Bureau of InvestigationQuanticoVAUSA

Dear editor,In opening,we want to thank Goldstein et al.[1]and acknowledge their hard work and dedication to the practice of forensic anthropology and to their work identifying unknown *** agree wholeheartedly that there is a long-standing need for innovative and collaborative approaches to unidentified,cold-case investigations and their article is an important contribution to that literature[2-6].

关键词： al. thank editor

Generalized Series of Bernoulli Type

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Advances in Pure Mathematics 2023年第9期13卷 537-542页

作者： thomas Beatty nicholas Bianco Nicole Legge Department of Mathematics Florida Gulf Coast University Fort Myers FL USA

The problem of evaluating an infinite series whose successive terms are reciprocal squares of the natural numbers was posed without a solution being offered in the middle of the seventeenth century. In the modern era, it is part of the theory of the Riemann zeta-function, specifically ζ (2). Jakob Bernoulli attempted to solve it by considering other more tractable series which were superficially similar and which he hoped could be algebraically manipulated to yield a solution to the difficult series. This approach was eventually unsuccessful, however, Bernoulli did produce an early monograph on summation of series. It remained for Bernoulli’s student and countryman Leonhard Euler to ultimately determine the sum to be . We characterize a class of series based on generalizing Bernoulli’s original work by adding two additional parameters to the summations. We also develop a recursion formula that allows summation of any member of the class.

关键词： Bernoulli Series Convergence Sum Recursion Formula Zeta-Function Sine Maclaurin Series Infinite Product

Surgical reconstruction of spinal cord circuit provides functional return in humans

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第12期12卷 1960-1963页

作者： thomas Carlstedt nicholas James Marten Risling The Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases King's College London Department of Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet

This mini review describes the current surgical strategy for restoring function after traumatic spinal nerve root avulsion in brachial or lumbosacral plexus injury in man. As this lesion is a spinal cord or central nervous injury functional return depends on spinal cord nerve cell growth within the central nervous system. Basic science, clinical research and human application has demonstrated good and useful motor function after ventral root avulsion followed by spinal cord reimplantation. Recently, sensory return could be demonstrated following spinal cord surgery bypassing the injured primary sensory neuron. Experimental data showed that most of the recovery depended on new growth reinnervating peripheral receptors. Restored sensory function and the return of spinal reflex was demonstrated by electrophysiology and functional magnetic resonance imaging of human cortex. This spinal cord surgery is a unique treatment of central nervous system injury resulting in useful functional return. Further improvements will not depend on surgical improvements. Adjuvant therapy aiming at ameliorating the activity in retinoic acid elements in dorsal root ganglion neurons could be a new therapeutic avenue in restoring spinal cord circuits after nerve root avulsion injury.

关键词： plexus injury root avulsion spinal cord surgery motor sensory recovery adjuvant therapy

Tracking desertification on the Mongolian steppe through NDVI and field-survey data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2011年第1期4卷 50-64页

作者： Troy Sternberg Renchin Tsolmon nicholas Middleton David thomas School of Geography Oxford UniversitySouth Parks RoadOxford OX13QYUK UNESCO Remote Sensing Lab National University of MongoliaMain Building 1Bag Toru AvenueUlaan BaatarMongolia

Changing environmental and socio-economic conditions make land degradation,a major concern in Central and East *** satellite imagery,particularly Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)data,has proved an effective tool for monitoring land cover *** study examines 33 grassland water points using vegetation field studies and remote sensing techniques to track desertification on the Mongolian *** established a significant correlation between same-year field observation(line transects)and NDVI data,enabling an historical land cover perspective to be developed from 1998 to *** show variable land cover patterns in Mongolia with a 16%decrease in plant density over the time *** in cover identified by NDVI suggests degradation;however,continued annual fluctuation indicates desertificationirreversible land cover changehas not ***,in situ data documenting greater cover near water points implies livestock overgrazing is not causing degradation at water *** combination of the two research methodsremote sensing and field surveysstrengthen findings and provide an effective way to track desertification in dryland regions.

关键词： desertification NDVI piosphere Mongolia overgrazing digital earth

Assessing the academic achievement of United States orthopaedic departments

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第2期13卷 201-211页

作者： Rishi Trikha thomas E Olson Ameen Chaudry Chad R Ishmael Cristina Villalpando Clark J Chen Kellyn R Hori nicholas M Bernthal Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90404United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCA 90095United States

BACKGROUND Assessing academic productivity allows academic departments to identify the strengths of their scholarly contribution and provides an opportunity to evaluate areas for *** To provide objective benchmarks for departments seeking to enhance academic productivity and identify those with significant improvement in recent *** Our study retrospectively analyzed a cohort of orthopaedic faculty at United States-based academic orthopaedic programs.5502 full-time orthopaedic faculty representing 178 programs were included in *** included for analysis were National Institutes of Health funding(2014-2018),leadership positions in orthopaedic societies(2018),editorial board positions of top orthopaedic journals(2018),total number of publications and Hirsch-index.A weighted algorithm was used to calculate a cumulative score for each academic *** study was performed at a large,United States medical *** All 178 programs included in analysis were evaluated using the comprehensive weighted *** five institutions with the highest cumulative score,in decreasing order,were:Washington University in ***,the Hospital for Special Surgery,Sidney Kimmel Medical College(SKMC)at thomas Jefferson University,the University of California,San Francisco(UCSF)and Massachusetts General Hospital(MGH)/Brigham and Women’s/*** five institutions with the highest score per capita,in decreasing order,were:Mayo Clinic(Rochester),Washington University in ***,Rush University,Virginia Commonwealth University(VCU)and MGH/Brigham and Women’s/*** five academic programs that had the largest improvement in cumulative score from 2013 to 2018,in decreasing order,were:VCU,SKMC at thomas Jefferson University,UCSF,MGH/Brigham and Women’s/Harvard,and Brown *** This algorithm can provide orthopaedic departments a means to assess academic productivity,monitor progress,and identify areas for improvement as th

关键词： Bibliometrics Academic achievement Number of publications National Institutes of Health funding Hirsch-index

Neural grafting for Parkinson's disease:challenges and prospects

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 389-392页

作者： thomas B.Stoker nicholas F.Blair Roger A.Barker John van Geest Center for Brain Repair Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

Parkinson＇s disease（PD） is a neurodegenerative condition which causes a characteristic movement disorder secondary to loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substanitia *** motor disorder responds well to dopamine-replacement therapies,though these result in significant adverse effects due to non-physiological release of dopamine in the striatum,and off-target ***-based regenerative treatments offer a potential means for targeted replacement of dopamine,in a physiological *** neurons for cell-based therapies can be obtained from several *** ventral mesencephalon tissue contains dopaminergic neuron progenitors,and has been transplanted into the striatum of PD patients with good results in a number of ***,the ethical implications and logistical challenges of using fetal tissue mean that fetal ventral mesencephalon is unlikely to be used in a widespread clinical *** pluripotent stem cells can be used to generate dopaminergic neurons for transplantation,providing a source of autologous tissue for *** approach means that challenges associated with allografts,such as the potential for immune rejection,can be ***,the associated cost and difficulty in producing a standardized product from different cell lines means that,at present,this approach is not commercially viable as a cell-based *** neurons derived from embryonic stem cells offer the most promising basis for a cell-based therapy for Parkinson＇s disease,with trials due to commence in the next few *** there are ethical considerations to take into account when using embryonic tissue,the possibility of producing a standardized,optimized cell product means that this approach can be both effective,and commercially viable.

关键词： Parkinson's disease neural grafting embryonic stem cells induced pluripotent stem cells induced neurons cell-based therapies

Comparison of carbon-stock changes, eddycovariance carbon fluxes and model estimates in coastal Douglas-fir stands in British Columbia

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Forest Ecosystems 2015年第2期2卷 104-122页

作者： Colin J Ferster JA (Tony) Trofymow nicholas C Coops Baozhang Chen thomas Andrew Black Department of Forest Resources Management University of British Columbia Canadian Forest Service (Pacific Forestry Centre) Natural Resources Canada Department of Biology University of Victoria Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British Columbia

Background： The global network of eddy-covariance （EC） flux-towers has improved the understanding of the terrestrial carbon （C） cycle, however, the network has a relatively limited spatial extent compared to forest inventory data and plots. Developing methods to use inventory-based and EC flux measurements together with modeling approaches is necessary evaluate forest C dynamics across broad spatial extents. Methods： Changes in C stock change （AC） were computed based on repeated measurements of forest inventory plots and compared with separate measurements of cumulative net ecosystem productivity （~NEP） over four years （2003 - 2006） for Douglas-fir （Pseudotsuga menzies# var menziesil} dominated regeneration （HDF00）, juvenile （HDF88 and HDF90） and near-rotation （DF49） aged stands （6, 18, 20, 57 years old in 2006, respectively） in coastal British Columbia. AC was determined from forest inventory plot data alone, and in a hybrid approach using inventory data along with litter fall data and published decay equations to determine the change in detrital pools. These AC-based estimates were then compared with Y_NEP measured at an eddy-covariance flux-tower （EC-flux） and modelled by the Carbon Budget Model - Canadian Forest Sector （CBM-CFS3） using historic forest inventory and forest disturbance data. Footprint analysis was used with remote sensing, soils and topography data to evaluate how well the inventory plots represented the range of stand conditions within the area of the flux-tower footprint and to spatially scale the plot data to the area of the EC-flux and model based estimates, Results： The closest convergence among methods was for the juvenile stands while the largest divergences were for the regenerating clearcut, followed by the near-rotation stand. At the regenerating clearcut, footprint weighting of CBM-CFS3 TNEP increased convergence with EC flux Z_NEP, but not for AC. While spatial scaling and footprint weighting did not increase convergence for AC, they d

关键词： Forest carbon Micrometeorology Blometry Remote sensing Geographic information systems