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Delayed referral for liver transplant evaluation worsens outcomes in chronic liver disease patients requiring inpatient transplant evaluation

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World journal of Transplantation 2023年第4期13卷 169-182页

作者： Katherine M Cooper Alessandro Colletta nicholas j hathaway Diana Liu Daniella Gonzalez Arslan Talat Curtis Barry Anita Krishnarao Savant Mehta Babak Movahedi Paulo N Martins Deepika Devuni Department of Medicine UMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01605United States Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyUMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01605United States Department of Surgery Transplant DivisionUMass Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01605United States

BACKGROUND Indications to refer patients with cirrhosis for liver transplant evaluation(LTE)include hepatic decompensation or a model for end stage liver disease(MELDNa)score≥*** studies have evaluated how delaying referral beyond these criteria affects patient *** To evaluate clinical characteristics of patients undergoing inpatient LTE and to assess the effects of delayed LTE on patient outcomes(death,transplantation).METHODS This is a single center retrospective cohort study assessing all patients undergoing inpatient LTE(n=159)at a large quaternary care and liver transplant center between 10/23/2017-7/31/*** referral was defined as having prior indication(decompensation,MELD-Na≥15)for LTE without *** referral was defined as referrals made within 3 mo of having an indication based on practice *** regression and Cox Hazard Regression were used to evaluate the relationship between delayed referral and patient *** Many patients who require expedited inpatient LTE had delayed *** regarding transplant candidacy were a leading cause of delayed ***,delayed referrals negatively affected overall patient outcome and an independent predictor of both death and not receiving a *** referral was associated with a 2.5 hazard risk of *** Beyond initial access to an liver transplant(LT)center,delaying LTE increases risk of death and reduces risk of LT in patients with chronic liver *** is substantial opportunity to increase the percentage of patients undergoing LTE when first clinically *** is crucial for providers to remain informed about the latest guidelines on liver transplant candidacy and the transplant referral process.

关键词： Liver transplantation Liver transplant evaluation Liver transplant referral Patient access Equity Patient outcomes

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Heart healthy equals prostate healthy and statins, aspirin, and/or metformin （S.A.M.） are the ideal recommendations for prostate cancer prevention

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Asian journal of Andrology 2015年第5期17卷 783-791,I0008页

作者： Mark A Moyad nicholas j Vogelzang Department of Urology University of Michigan Medical Center Ann Arbor Michigan USA Developmental Therapeutics Committee and Genitourinary Committee for US Oncology Research Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada Las Vegas Nevada USA

Cardiovascular disease （CVD） has been the number one cause of death in the U.S. for 114 of the last 115 years. Lifestyle factors that promote CVD also appear to increase prostate cancer risk and those that reduce CVD risk also appear to reduce the risk of prostate cancer. The largest randomized trials utilizing dietary supplements or pharmacologic agents for prostate cancer prevention （Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial [SELECT]） have also shed light on the problems and future solutions in this area. Dietary supplements that have not been found to be CVD protective, such as selenium and Vitamin E have not been found to be prostate protective. In addition, over exposure to specific anti-oxidants in nutritionally replete populations may be encouraging cancer growth. Futuretrials of dietary supplements to prevent prostate cancer could be problematic because by the time a definitive trial is initiated the participants will no longer be ＂deficient＂ in the nutrient being tested, which arguably occurred in the SELECT trial. It is also interesting that statins, aspirin, and/or metformin （S.A.M.） are 3 generic, low-cost, heart healthy agents derived from natural sources with separate mechanism of actions, which all appear to have the best benefit to risk ratio compared to any other agent available for prostate cancer prevention, especially aggressive disease, or as an ancillary agent （s） to conventional cancer treatment. It is time to focus on the forest over the trees and recommend proven CVD protective measures for men concerned about their risk of prostate cancer.

关键词： aspirin diet lifestyle metformin prostate cancer statins

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Teleseismic waves reveal anisotropic poroelastic response of wastewater disposal reservoir

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2021年第6期5卷 547-558页

作者： Andrew j Barbour nicholas M Beeler u.s.geological survey earthquake science centerusa

Connecting earthquake nucleation in basement rock to fluid injection in basal,sedimentary reservoirs,depends heavily on choices related to the poroelastic properties of the fluid-rock system,thermo-chemical effects *** constraints on these parameters outside of laboratory settings are rare,and it is commonly assumed that the rock layers are *** the Arbuckle wastewater disposal reservoir in Osage County,Oklahoma,high-frequency formation pressure changes and collocated broadband ground velocities measured during the passing of large teleseismic waves show a poroelastic response of the reservoir that is both azimuthally variable and anisotropic;this includes evidence of static shifts in pressure that presumably relate to changes in local *** azimuthal dependence in both the static response and shear coupling appears related to tectonic stress and strain indicators such as the orientations of the maximum horizontal stress and faults and *** dynamic strains from a nearby borehole strainmeter,we show that the ratio of shear to volumetric strain coupling is~0.41 which implies a mean Skempton's coefficient of A=0.24 over the plausible range of the undrained Poisson's *** these observations are made at relatively low confining pressure and differential stress,we suggest that the hydraulically conductive fracture network is a primary control on the coupling between pore pressure diffusion and elastic stresses in response to natural or anthropogenic sources.

关键词： poroelasticity dynamic strain anisotropy wastewater disposal Oklahoma induced seismicity

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So you aspire to be a Professor?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第44期15卷 5626-5627页

作者： nicholas j Talley Department of Internal Medicine Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Professor of Medicine and EpidemiologyDivision of Gastroenterology & HepatologyMayo Clinic College of Medicine Consultant200 First Street S.W.PL-6-56Rochester MN 55905United States

＂The truth is that life is delicious, horrible, charming, frightful, sweet, bitter, and that is everything.＂ Anatole France （Francois-Anatole Thibault, 1844-1924）.

关键词：胃疾病临床治疗疗效

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Electrospun fibers:a guiding scaffold for research and regeneration of the spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第11期11卷 1764-1765页

作者： nicholas j.Schaub National Institute of Standards & Technology Biosystems and Biomaterials Division

The challenge to regenerating the nervous system compared to other tissues in the body is the complexity of the tissue. For example, a small amount of scar tissue formation after an injury to the skin may have few negative side effects, but any scar tissue in the central nervous system is a major physical and chemical barrier to nerve regeneration （Sofroniew, 2009）.

关键词： Electrospun fibers

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Breaking the biotrophic interfacial complex:How genome editing can lead to rice blast resistance

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Molecular Plant 2023年第8期16卷 1243-1245页

作者： Vincent Were nicholas j.Talbot The Sainsbury Laboratory University of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR47UHUK

Genome editing is a transformational technology—by precisely altering the coding or regulatory sequence of a specific gene,it is now possible to change specific traits within a wide variety of *** a consequence,plant breeding can be taken to a new level of precision,and many countries are moving rapidly to adopt new legislation to permit genome editing(Greenwood et al.,2023).However,genome editing has so far seldom been used to develop disease-resistant *** is because plant immunity often depends on single dominant resistance genes,which encode immune receptors that recognize secreted effectors deployed by plant pathogens(jones and Dangl,2006).In this context,genetic modification has proven to be a much more powerful technology so far to introduce these genes from distinct varieties,or even different species,to develop disease resistant crop species(Greenwood et al.,2023),especially when multiple disease-resistance loci can be introduced together to provide more durable resistance(Luo et al.,2021).Genome editing can be used in an innovative way to resurrect previously effective resistance genes(Contreras et al.,2023),but it has been less effective at introducing new forms of disease resistance to crops.

关键词： breeding resistance editing

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Integrating volunteered smartphone data with multispectral remote sensing to estimate forest fuels

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International journal of Digital Earth 2016年第2期9卷 171-196页

作者： Colin j.Ferster nicholas C.Coops Department of Forest Resources Management University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Volunteered data sources are readily available due to advances in electronic communications *** example,smartphones provide tools to collect ground-based observations over broad areas from a diverse set of data collectors,including people with,and without,extensive *** this study,volunteers used a smartphone application to collect ground-based *** structural components were then estimated over a broader area using high spatial resolution RapidEye remote sensing imagery(5 spectral bands 440–850 nm,5 m spatial resolution)and a digital elevation model following a three nearest neighbor approach(K-NN).Participants with professional forestry experience on average chose highpriority fuel load locations near buildings,while nonprofessional participants chose a broader range of conditions over a larger *** used together,the professional and nonprofessional observations provided a more complete assessment of forest conditions.A generalized framework is presented that utilizes K-NN imputation tools for estimating the distribution of forest fuels using remote sensing and topography variables,ensuring spatial representation,checking attribute accuracy,and evaluating predictor *** to integrate volunteered data from smartphone platforms with remote sensing may contribute toward more complete Earth observation for Digital Earth.

关键词： citizen science public participation in scientific research mobile RapidEye red edge WUI

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Novel mechanisms in functional dyspepsia

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第5期12卷 673-677页

作者： Rok Son Choung nicholas j Talley Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research Program Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUnited States

Functional dyspepsia （FD） is a highly prevalent but heterogeneous disorder in which multiple pathogenetic mechanisms are involved. Although there are many studies that have investigated various pathophysiologic mechanisms, the underlying casual pathways associated with FD remain obscure. The currently proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms associated with FD include genetic susceptibility, delayed as well as accelerated gastric emptying, visceral hypersensitivity to acid or mechanical distention, impaired gastric accommodation, abnormal fundic phasic contractions, abnormal antroduodenal motility, acute and chronic infections, and psychosocial comorbidity. A greater understanding of the abnormalities underlying FD may lead to improved management. The aim of this editorial is to provide a critical overview of current pathophysiologic concepts in functional dyspepsia.

关键词： Functional dyspepsia Gastric function Pathophysiology

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Thalidomide ameliorates portal hypertension via nitric oxide synthase independent reduced systolic blood pressure

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第14期21卷 4126-4135页

作者： nicholas G Theodorakis Yining N Wang Vyacheslav A Korshunov Mary A Maluccio nicholas j Skill Division of Transplant Surgery Department of SurgerySchool of MedicineIndiana University School of Medicine University of Rochester

AIM: Portal hypertension is a common complication of liver cirrhosis and significantly increases mortality and *** reports have suggested that the compound thalidomide attenuates portal hypertension(PHT).However, the mechanism for this action is not fully *** hypothesis is that thalidomide destabilizes tumor necrosis factor α(TNFα) mR NA and therefore diminishes TNFα induction of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and the production of nitric oxide(NO).To examine this hypothesis, we utilized the murine partial portal vein ligation(PVL) PHT model in combination with endothelial or inducible NOS isoform gene knockout ***: Wild type, inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS)-/- and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(e NOS)-/-mice received either PVL or sham surgery and were given either thalidomide or *** nitrate(total nitrate, NOx) was measured daily for 7 d as a surrogate of NO *** TNFα level was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent ***α m RNA was quantified in liver and aorta tissue by reverse transcription-polymerase chain *** was determined by recording splenic pulp pressure(SPP) and abdominal aortic flow after 0-7 *** to thalidomide was determined by measurement of SPP and mean arterial pressure(MAP).RESULTS: SPP, abdominal aortic flow(Qao) and plasma NOx were increased in wild type and i NOS-/-PVL mice when compared to sham operated control *** contrast, SPP, Qao and plasma NOx were not increased in e NOS-/- PVL mice when compared to sham *** TNFα level in both sham and PVL mice was below the detection limit of the commercial ELISA ***, the effect of thalidomide on serum TNFα levels was undetermined in wild type, e NOS-/-or i NOS-/- *** acutely increased plasma NOx in wild type and e NOS-/- mice but not i NOS-/-***, thalidomide temporarily(0-90 min) decreased mean arterial pressure, SPP and Qao in wild type, e NOS-/- and i NOS-/- PVL mice, aft

关键词： Portal hypertension Thalidomide Nitric oxide Knock

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Putting PLX5622 into perspective:microglia in central nervous system viral infection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1269-1270页

作者： Alanna G.Spiteri nicholas j.C.King Viral Immunopathology Laboratory InfectionImmunity and Inflammation Research ThemeSchool of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia Sydney Cytometry The University of Sydney and Centenary InstituteSydneyNSWAustralia Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology The University of Sydney and Centenary InstituteSydneyNSWAustralia Charles Perkins Centre The University of SydneyAustralia The University of Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia The University of Sydney Nano Institute the University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia

Elucidating the exact contribution of microglia to central nervous system(CNS)pathology has historically been extremely *** resident parenchymal myeloid cells are considered to have critical roles as frontline responders during pathogen invasion and CNS ***,understanding the precise temporal kinetics of microglial function is central to the evolution of novel therapeutics for disease intervention and/or resolution(Spiteri et al.,2022a).The development of PLX5622,a colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor(CSF-1R)inhibitor typically formulated into a rodent chow for simple oral administration has facilitated exploration of microglial functions in disease(Spangenberg et al.,2019).

关键词： invasion system precise

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