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Integrating volunteered smartphone data with multispectral remote sensing to estimate forest fuels

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2016年第2期9卷 171-196页

作者： colin J.Ferster nicholas c.coops Department of Forest Resources Management University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Volunteered data sources are readily available due to advances in electronic communications *** example,smartphones provide tools to collect ground-based observations over broad areas from a diverse set of data collectors,including people with,and without,extensive *** this study,volunteers used a smartphone application to collect ground-based *** structural components were then estimated over a broader area using high spatial resolution RapidEye remote sensing imagery(5 spectral bands 440–850 nm,5 m spatial resolution)and a digital elevation model following a three nearest neighbor approach(K-NN).Participants with professional forestry experience on average chose highpriority fuel load locations near buildings,while nonprofessional participants chose a broader range of conditions over a larger *** used together,the professional and nonprofessional observations provided a more complete assessment of forest conditions.A generalized framework is presented that utilizes K-NN imputation tools for estimating the distribution of forest fuels using remote sensing and topography variables,ensuring spatial representation,checking attribute accuracy,and evaluating predictor *** to integrate volunteered data from smartphone platforms with remote sensing may contribute toward more complete Earth observation for Digital Earth.

关键词： citizen science public participation in scientific research mobile RapidEye red edge WUI

characterization and validation of a chronic retinal neovascularization rabbit model by evaluating the efficacy of anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory drugs

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第1期15卷 15-22页

作者： Sandeep Kumar John Quach nicholas cook Glenwood Gum Vatsala Naageshwaran Department of Ophthalmology Absorption Systems:a Pharmaron company7901 Vickers StSan DiegoCA 92111USA

AIM:To establish a rabbit model with chronic condition of retinal neovascularization(RNV)induced by intravitreal(IVT)injection of DL-2-aminoadipic acid(DL-AAA),a retinal glial(Mül er)cell toxin,extensive characterization of DL-AAA induced angiographic features and the suitability of the model to evaluate anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory therapies for ocular vascular ***:DL-AAA(80 mmol/L)was administered IVT into both eyes of Dutch Belted *** DL-AAA delivery,clinical ophthalmic examinations were performed weekly following modified Mc Donald-Shadduck Scoring *** fundus photography,fluorescein angiography(FA),and optical coherence tomography(OcT)procedures were performed every 2 or 4 wk until stable retinal vascular leakage was *** stable retinal leakage(12 wk post DL-AAA administration)was established,anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)(bevacizumab,ranibizumab and aflibercept)and anti-inflammatory(triamcinolone,TAA)drugs were tested for their efficacy after IVT *** angiograms were scored before and after treatment following a novel grading system,developed for the DL-AAA rabbit ***:Post DL-AAA administration,eyes were presented with moderate to severe retinal/choroidal inflammation which was accompanied by intense vitreous flare and presence of inflammatory cells in the vitreous *** hemorrhage was restricted to the tips of neo-retinal *** revealed maximum retinal vascular leakage at 2 wk after DL-AAA injection and then persisted as evidenced by stable mean FA scores in weeks 8 and *** vascular angiographic and tomographic features were stable and consistent up to 36 mo among two different staggers induced for RNV at two different *** 7,mean FA scores showed that 1μg/eye of bevacizumab,ranibizumab,aflibercept and 2μg/eye of TAA suppress 65%,90%,100%and 50%retinal vascular leakage,*** 30,bevacizumab and TAA continued to show 66%and 44%su

关键词： DL-2-aminoadipic acid chronic wet agerelated macular degeneration retinal neovascularization animal model anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs fluorescein angiography

Prospective associations between joint categories of physical activity and insomnia symptoms with onset of poor mental health in a population-based cohort

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 295-303页

作者： Mitch J Duncan Elizabeth G Holliday Nicola W Burton nicholas Glozier Stina Oftedal School of Medicine and Public Health College of HealthMedicineand WellbeingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Priority Research centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition The University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia School of Applied Psychology Griffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD 4122Australia Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD 4122Australia Brain and Mind centre Central Clinical SchoolThe University of SydneyNSW 2050Australia

Background:Physical inactivity and insomnia symptoms are independently associated with increased risk of depression and anxiety;however,few studies jointly examine these risk *** study aimed to prospectively examine the joint association of physical activity(PA)and insomnia symptoms with onset of poor mental health in ***:Participants from the 2013 to 2018 annnual waves of the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia panel study who had good mental health(Mental Health Inventory-5>54)in 2013,and who completed at least 1 follow-up survey(2014-2018),were included(n=10,977).Poor mental health(Mental Health Inventory-5≤54)was assessed ***(2013)PA was classified as high/moderate/low,and insomnia symptoms(i.e.,trouble sleeping)were classified as no insomnia symptoms/insomnia symptoms,with 6 mutually exclusive PAinsomnia symptom groups *** of PA-insomnia symptom groups with onset of poor mental health were examined using discrete-time proportional-hazards logit-hazard ***:There were 2322 new cases of poor mental health(21.2%).Relative to the high PA/no insomnia symptoms group,there were higher odds(odds ratio and 95%confidence interval(95%cI))of poor mental health among the high PA/insomnia symptoms(OR=1.87,95%cI:1.57-2.23),moderate PA/insomnia symptoms(OR=1.93,95%cI:1.61-2.31),low PA/insomnia symptoms(OR=2.33,95%cI:1.96-2.78),and low PA/no insomnia symptoms(OR=1.14,95%cI:1.01-1.29)*** level of PA combined with insomnia symptoms was associated with increased odds of poor mental health,with the odds increasing as PA ***:The se findings highlight the potential benefit of interventions targeting both PA and insomnia symptoms for promoting mental health.

关键词： Depression Physical activity Sleep quality

Unmet supportive care needs in families of children with chronic health conditions: an Australian cross‑sectional study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第12期19卷 1181-1191页

作者： Sangeetha Thomas Linda K.Byrne nicholas P.Ryan christel Hendrieckx Victoria White School of Psychology Faculty of HealthDeakin UniversityMelbourneVIC 3125Australia Department of Paediatrics University of MelbourneMelbourneVICAustralia Australian centre for Behavioural Research in Diabetes MelbourneVICAustralia Institute of Health Transformation Deakin UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia cancer council Victoria MelbourneVICAustralia

Background The aim of this study was to identify similarities and diferences in the unmet supportive care needs(UScN)of families of children with major chronic health conditions(cHcs)using a universal need assessment *** A cross-sectional online survey involving parents of children with congenital heart disease(cHD),type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1D),cancer,and asthma diagnosed within the last 5 years recruited via social media and support ***-four items assessing the UScN across six domains(care needs,physical and social needs,informational needs,support needs,fnancial needs,child-related emotional needs)were responded to on a 4-point Likert scale[no need(1)to high need(4)].Descriptive statistics identifed the level of need,and linear regressions identifed factors associated with higher need domain *** to small numbers,the asthma group was excluded from comparisons across *** One hundred and ninety-four parents completed the survey(cHD:n=97,T1D:n=50,cancer:n=39,and asthma:n=8).Parents of children with cancer were most likely to report at least one UScN(92%),followed by parents of children with T1D(62%).The fve most commonly reported UScN across cHcs were drawn from four domains:child-related emotional,support,care,and *** need items were included in the top fve needs for all conditions.A higher UScN was associated with a greater frequency of hospital visits and the absence of parental *** Using a universal need assessment tool,this is one of the frst studies to characterize UScN in families of children diagnosed with common *** proportions endorsing diferent needs varied across conditions,the most endorsed needs were similar across the illness *** suggests that support programs or services could be shared across diferent cHcs.

关键词： children chronic illness Need assessment Unmet supportive care needs

Risk of bias and reporting practices in studies comparing VO2max responses to sprint interval *** training:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第5期11卷 552-566页

作者： Jacob T.Bonafiglia Hashim Islam nicholas Preobrazenski Brendon J.Gurd School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada

Background:It remains unclear whether studies comparing _(max)imal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))response to sprint interval training(SIT)***-intensity continuous training(MIcT)are associated with a high risk of bias and poor reporting *** purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of reporting in studies comparing changes in VO_(2max) between SIT and ***:We conducted a comprehensive literature search of 4 major databases:AMED,cINAHL,EMBASE,and *** were excluded if participants were not healthy adult humans or if training protocols were unsupervised,lasted less than 2 weeks,or utilized mixed exercise *** used the cochrane collaboration tool and the cONSORT checklist for non-pharmacological trials to evaluate the risk of bias and reporting quality,***:Twenty-eight studies with 30 comparisons(3 studies included 2 SIT groups)were included in our meta-analysis(n=360 SIT participants:body mass index(BMI)=25.9±3.7 kg/m^(2),baseline VO_(2max)=37.9±8.0 mL/kg/min;n=359 MIcT participants:BMI=25.5±3.8 kg/m^(2),baseline VO_(2max)=38.3±8.0 mL/kg/min;all mean±SD).All studies had an unclear risk of bias and poor reporting ***:Although we observed a lack of superiority between SIT and MIcT for improving VO_(2max)(weighted Hedge’s g=0.004,95%con-fidence interval(95%cI):-0.08 to 0.07),the overall unclear risk of bias calls the validity of this conclusion into *** studies using robust study designs are needed to interrogate the possibility that SIT and MIcT result in similar changes in VO_(2max).

关键词： Bias cardiorespiratory fitness cONSORT Moderate-intensity continuous training Sprint interval training

New guidance for using t-SNE:Alternative defaults,hyperparameter selection automation,and comparative evaluation

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Visual Informatics 2022年第2期6卷 87-97页

作者： Robert Gove Lucas cadalzo nicholas Leiby Jedediah M.Singer Alexander Zaitzeff Two Six Technologies USA

We present new guidelines for choosing hyperparameters for t-SNE and an evaluation comparing these guidelines to current *** guidelines include a proposed empirically optimum guideline derived from a t-SNE hyperparameter grid search over a large collection of data *** also introduce a new method to featurize data sets using graph-based metrics called scagnostics;we use these features to train a neural network that predicts optimal t-SNE hyperparameters for the respective data *** neural network has the potential to simplify the use of t-SNE by removing guesswork about which hyperparameters will produce the best *** evaluate and compare our neural network-derived and empirically optimum hyperparameters to several other t-SNE hyperparameter guidelines from the literature on 68 data *** hyperparameters predicted by our neural network yield embeddings with similar accuracy as the best current t-SNE *** our empirically optimum hyperparameters is simpler than following previously published guidelines but yields more accurate embeddings,in some cases by a statistically significant *** find that the useful ranges for t-SNE hyperparameters are narrower and include smaller values than previously reported in the ***,we also quantify the potential for future improvements in this area:using data from a grid search of t-SNE hyperparameters we find that an optimal selection method could improve embedding accuracy by up to two percentage points over the methods examined in this paper.

关键词： Dimensionality reduction Machine learning t-SNE

Seasonal resource selection of an arboreal habitatspecialist in a human-dominated landscape: A case studyusing red panda

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current Zoology 2023年第1期69卷 1-11页

作者： Damber Bista Greg S.Baxter nicholas J.Hudson Peter J.Murray School of Agriculture and Food Sciences(Wildlife Science Unit) The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of Agriculture and Environmental Science University of Southern QueenslandDarling HeightsQLD 4350Australia

Human-dominated landscapes provide heterogeneous wildlife habitat. conservation of habitat specialists, like red pandas Ailurus fulgens, inhabiting such landscapes is challenging. Therefore, information on resource use across spatial and temporal scales could enable informed-decisionmaking with better conservation outcomes. We aimed to examine the effect of geo-physical, vegetation, and disturbance variables on fine-scalehabitat selection of red pandas in one such landscape. We equipped 10 red pandas with GPS collars in eastern Nepal in 2019 and monitoredthem for 1 year. Our analysis was based on a generalized-linear-mixed model. We found the combined effect of geo-physical, vegetation, anddisturbance variables resulted in differences in resource selection of red pandas and that the degree of response to these variables variedacross seasons. Human disturbances, especially road and cattle herding activities, affected habitat utilization throughout the year whereas othervariables were important only during restricted periods. For instance, geo-physical variables were influential in the premating and cub-rearingseasons while vegetation variables were important in all seasons other than premating. Red pandas selected steeper slopes with high solarinsolation in the premating season while they occupied elevated areas and preferred specific aspects in the cub-rearing season. Furthermore,the utilized areas had tall bamboo in the birthing and cub-rearing seasons while they also preferred diverse tree species and high shrub coverin the latter. Our study demonstrates the significance of season-specific management, suggests the importance of specific types of vegetationduring biologically crucial periods, and emphasizes the necessity to minimize disturbances throughout the year.

关键词： Ailurus fulgens anthropogenic disturbances habitat specialists habitat utilization resource use spatio-temporal variation vegetation

china’s Economic Development in the New Era: challenges and Paths

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china Finance and Economic Review 2022年第2期11卷 3-22页

作者： cameron Hepburn nicholas Stern chunping Xie Dimitri Zenghelis Smith School of Enterprise and the Environment University of Oxford Grantham Research Institute on climate change and the Environment London School of Economics and Political Science Bennett Institute for Public Policy University of Cambridge

china’s economy has seen rapid development ever since its reform and opening-up strategy was launched in *** economic expansion over the past four decades has taken china from low-income to upper-middle-income *** back at the transformation that china has made,however,we must recognise that the old growth story is coming to an *** phase of development driven by investment in physical capital will be increasingly supplanted by investment in assets such as knowledge and social capital as well as investment in preservation of natural *** the challenges that china is facing,with this paper we aim to offer an approach to growth and development that could spell out a new development strategy for the country as the 21st century *** will focus on the technologies with high-quality growth prospects:modern service sectors,including health,education,transport,communications and IT,artificial intelligence,finance,logistics,sustainable urban infrastructure and new food and land-use *** today’s technologies,china can help the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)countries embark on a much more sustainable,more efficient and greener form of development,avoiding historical problems of pollution and congestion,with china itself moving up the value chain at the same time.

关键词： china’s economy climate change 14th Five-Year Plan global governance

Response to Goldstein et al.(2022)Humanitarian action in academic institutions:a case study in the ethical stewardship of unidentified forensic cases

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 826-829页

作者： nicholas Passalacqua Brian Spatola Richard Thomas Department of Anthropology Western Carolina UniversityCullowheeNCUSA National Museum of Health and Medicine Silver SpringMDUSA Anthropology Unit Federal Bureau of InvestigationQuanticoVAUSA

Dear editor,In opening,we want to thank Goldstein et al.[1]and acknowledge their hard work and dedication to the practice of forensic anthropology and to their work identifying unknown *** agree wholeheartedly that there is a long-standing need for innovative and collaborative approaches to unidentified,cold-case investigations and their article is an important contribution to that literature[2-6].

关键词： al. thank editor