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Intrusions of the Panxi region,China,and their magmatic ore deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第5期4卷 479-480页

作者： nicholas arndt ISTerre Universite Joseph Fourier38400 St Martin d'HeresFrance

The intrusions of the Panzhihua-Xichang（Panxi） region in southwest China have become well known in the past decade because they host large and rich magmatic oxide deposits that are mined for Fe,Ti and *** intrusions form part of the Emeishan large igneous province（ELIP）,which is commonly believed to be the product of melting in a mantle *** ELIP was emplaced about 260 Ma ago,at the same time as the end-Guadalupian mass *** investigation of the Panxi intrusions therefore provides information relevant to three broad areas of the earth sciences：（1）the petrogenesis of mafic magmas,

关键词： Intrusions magmatic nicholas

Structure of the Panzhihua intrusion and its Fe-Ti-V deposit,China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第5期4卷 571-581页

作者： Arnaud Pecher nicholas arndt Alexander Jean Arthur Bauville Clement Ganino Charlotte Athurion ISTerre Universite Joseph Fourier de GrenobleCNRS1381 rue de la Piscine38400 Saint Martin d'HeresFrance Geoazur Universite de Nice-Sophia AntipolisCNRS/IRDParc Valrose06108 NiceFrance

The Panzhihua intrusion in southwest China is part of the Emeishan large igneous province and host of a large Fe-Ti-V ore *** previous interpretations it was considered to be a layered,differentiated sill with the ore deposits at its *** structural and petrological data suggest instead that the intrusion has an open S-shape,with two near-concordant segments joined by a discordant dyke-like segment. During emplacement of the main intrusion,multiple generations of mafic dykes invaded carbonate wall rocks,producing a large contact *** the central segment,magmatic layering is oriented oblique to the walls of the *** layering cannot have formed by crystal settling or in-situ growth on the floor of the intrusion;instead we propose that it resulted from inward solidification of multiple,individually operating,convection *** formation was triggered by interaction of magma with carbonate wall rocks.

关键词： Fe-Ti-V deposit Intrusion Structure Skarn Tectonics

Melting of carbonate wall rocks and formation of the heterogeneous aureole of the Panzhihua intrusion,China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第5期4卷 535-546页

作者： Clement Ganino nicholas T.arndt Catherine Chauvel Alexandre Jean Charlotte Athurion Geoazur Universite de Nice-Sophia AntipolisCNRS/IRD250 rue Albert Einstein06560 ValbonneFrance ISTerre Grenoble UniversitesCNRS/IRDBP 5338041 GrenobleCedex 9France

The Panzhihua gabbroic intrusion,part of the plumbing system of the Emeishan large igneous province, intruded late-Proterozoic dolomites and marls about～263 Ma *** dolomites in the contact aureole were converted to brucite marbles and a diverse suite of forsterite,diopside and garnet *** variation in mineralogy is explained in part by differences in the composition of the protolith,particularly the proportion of silica minerals and clay,and in part by transfer of elements from intruding *** trace element compositions of most marbles and skarns are very similar to those of unmetamorphosed dolomites and marls,but some contain high Si,Ti,and Fe contents that are interpreted to have come from a magmatic *** brucite marbles sampled～10 m from the contact of the intrusion and named ＂enriched brucite marble＂ have trace element compositions very different from their dolomitic protolith：their rare earth elements are strongly enriched whereas levels of Nb-Ta,Zr-Hf and Ti are very *** characteristics resemble those of carbonate liquid in equilibrium with silicate liquid or more probably with silicate minerals in the case of Panzhihua,a similarity we take to indicate that the sample underwent partial *** taken up to 300 m from the contact contain brucite indicating that high temperatures persisted well into the country ***,other samples collected only tens of metres from the contact are only slightly recrystallized indicating that conditions in the aureole were highly *** suggest that temperatures within the aureole were controlled by conduction of heat from the main intrusion and by supply of additional heat from abundant small dykes within the *** of fluids derived from deeper levels in the aureole flushed the carbon dioxide from the dolomite,lowering temperature needed to partially melt carbonate to the temperatures attained near the *** but extensive heating destabilized the carbon

关键词： Panzhihua Melting Carbonates Contact aureole Thermal metamorphism Petrology

Assimilation of carbonate country rock by the parent magma of the Panzhihua Fe-Ti-V deposit(SW China):Evidence from stable isotopes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2013年第5期4卷 547-554页

作者： Clement Ganino Chris Harris nicholas T.arndt Stephen A.Prevec Geoffrey H.Howarth Geoazur Universite de Nice-Sophia AntipolisCNRS/IRD250 rue Albert Einstein 06560 ValbonneFrance Department of Geological Sciences University of Cape TownRondebosch 7701South Africa ISTerre Grenoble UniversitesCNRS/IRD BP 53 38041 Grenoble CEDEX 9France Department of Geology Rhodes UniversityGrahamstown 6140South Africa

The Panzhihua intrusion in southwest China is part of the Emeishan Large Igneous Province and host of a large Fe-Ti-V ore *** emplacement of the main intrusion,multiple generations of mafic dykes invaded carbonate wall rocks,producing a large contact *** measured the oxygen-isotope composition of the intrusions,their constituent minerals,and samples of the country *** and plagioclase from Panzhihua intrusion haveδ18O values that are consistent with magmatic equilibrium, and formed from magmas withδ18O values that were 1-2‰higher than expected in a mantle-derived *** unmetamorphosed country rock has highδ18O values,ranging from 13.2‰（sandstone） to 24.6-28.6‰（dolomite）.The skarns and marbles from the aureole have lowerδ18O andδ13C values than their protolith suggesting interaction with fluids that were in exchange equilibrium with the adjacent mafic magmas and especially the numerous mafic dykes that intruded the *** would explain the alteration ofδ18O of the dykes which have significantly higher values than expected for a mantle-derived *** on the exactδ18O values assumed for the magma and contaminant, the amount of assimilation required to produce the elevatedδ18O value of the Panzhihua intrusion was between 8 and 13.7 wt.%,assuming simple *** exact mechanism of contamination is unclear but may involve a combination of assimilation of bulk country rock,mixing with a melt of the country rock and exchange with CO2-rich fluid derived from decarbonation of the marls and *** mechanisms,particularly the latter,were probably involved in the formation of the Fe-Ti-V ores.

关键词： Panzhihua Stable isotopes Carbonates Assimilation Contamination

Large-scale laboratory investigation of pillar-support interaction

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2025年第1期17卷 71-93页

作者： Akash Chaurasia Gabriel Walton Sankhaneel Sinha Timothy J.Batchler Kieran Moore nicholas Vlachopoulos Bradley Forbes Colorado School of Mines GoldenCOUSA Equilibrium Mining KolkataWest BengalIndia National Institute of Occupational and Safety Hazard(NIOSH) PittsburghPAUSA Royal Military College of Canada(RMC) KingstonOntarioCanada BGC Engineering Inc. KingstonOntarioCanada

Underground mine pillars provide natural stability to the mine area,allowing safe operations for workers and *** prior research has been conducted to understand pillar failure mechanics and design safe pillar ***,limited studies(mostly based on empirical field observation and small-scale laboratory tests)have considered pillar-support interactions under monotonic loading conditions for the design of pillar-support *** study used a series of large-scale laboratory compression tests on porous limestone blocks to analyze rock and support behavior at a sufficiently large scale(specimens with edge length of 0.5 m)for incorporation of actual support elements,with consideration of different w/h *** unsupported and supported(grouted rebar rockbolt and wire mesh)tests were conducted,and the surface deformations of the specimens were monitored using three-dimensional(3D)digital image correlation(DIC).Rockbolts instrumented with distributed fiber optic strain sensors were used to study rockbolt strain distribution,load mobilization,and localized deformation at different w/h *** axial and bending strains were observed in the rockbolts,which became more prominent in the post-peak region of the stress-strain curve.

关键词： Grouted rockbolt Welded wire mesh Porous limestone Digital image correlation Distributed fiber optic sensing Large-scale laboratory tests

Strain accumulation in the Mentawai Forearc Sliver,Indonesia,inferred from continuous GNSS-derived strain rate

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2025年第1期16卷 1-6页

作者： Leni Sophia Heliani Cecep Pratama Adi Wibowo David Prambudi Sahara Susilo Susilo Sidik Tri Wibowo Ayu Nur Safii Oktadi Prayoga Ajat Sudrajat Mizan Bustanul Fuady Bisri Evi Dwi Kurniasari Sheilla Evelinda nicholas Genta Setiawan Gunawan Department of Geodetic Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada Department of Computer Science Universitas Diponegoro Global Geophysics Research Group Institut Teknologi Bandung Research Center for Geological Disaster National Research and Innovation Agency Geospatial Information Agency Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency Graduate School of International Cooperation Studies Kobe University Graduate School of Geodetic Engineering Universitas Gadjah Mada

The Mentawai Forearc Sliver(MFS) is characterized by oblique deformation formed as slip partitioned between normal and parallel trench plate convergence. The surge of great earthquakes from 2004 to2012 along the adjacent Sunda trench left a large unbroken segment known as the Mentawai Seismic Gap. Here, we adopted continuous Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) observation data to identify the present regional crustal deformation using geodetic strain rates. The principal strain rate, dilatation rate, and maximum shear strain rate are about 0.13 microstrain/yr, 0.2 microstrain/yr, and 0.1 microstrain/yr, respectively, with the range of its uncertainties between 0.01 and 0.04 microstrain/yr. The dilatation and maximum shear strain rates reveal the spatial coverage of strike-slip duplex and backthrust tectonics along the Mentawai Forearc Sliver.

关键词： Mentawai Forearc Dilatation Shear Geodetic

From Crisis to Recovery: Addressing Hydrocarbon Pollution in Niger Delta Soils Treated with Pleurotus ostreatus and Eisenia fitida

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Open Journal of Yangtze Oil and Gas 2025年第1期10卷 1-29页

作者： Gift Evans Fubara Dokuboba Amachree Ilemi Jennifer Soberekon Esther Omone Akhigbe Digha Opaminola nicholas Akayinaboderi Augustus Eli Enyinnaya Okoro Igoniama Esau Gamage Ayibatonyo Markson Nathaniel Morufu Olalekan Raimi Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Federal University Otuoke Bayelsa State Nigeria Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Environment Faculty of Agriculture Rivers State University Nkpolu-Oroworukwo Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology Faculty of Sciences Federal University Otuoke Bayelsa State Nigeria

Rationale: The contamination of soil with crude oil poses significant environmental and ecological threats. Bioremediation, particularly through the use of organisms like Pleurotus ostreatus (mushroom) and Eisenia fetida (earthworm), has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate crude oil pollution. Understanding the effectiveness of these organisms in reducing hydrocarbon levels in contaminated soil is crucial for devising sustainable remediation strategies. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Pleurotus ostreatus and Eisenia fetida in remediating crude oil-polluted soil. Specifically, it sought to assess the hydrocarbon profiles in soil treated with these organisms across varying concentrations of crude oil pollution. Method: Crude oil concentration levels ranging from 0% to 10% were applied to soil samples alongside control treatments, including soil only, soil with earthworms, and soil with mushrooms. Each treatment was replicated five times using a randomized complete block design. Standard methods were employed to determine the hydrocarbon contents of the soil. Results: The results indicated a significant increase (P Pleurotus ostreatus and Eisenia fetida exhibited noteworthy reductions in these hydrocarbon levels. At the three-month mark, mushrooms demonstrated a remarkable ability to reduce hydrocarbon content by 70% - 90% compared to the pollution treatment. In contrast, earthworms exhibited minimal potential for hydrocarbon reduction, particularly at both three and six-month intervals. For instance, TOC reduction reached a maximum of 96% with mushroom treatment and 85% with earthworm treatment at 5% crude oil pollution over six months. Conclusion: The findings highlight the effectiveness of Pleurotus ostreatus in significantly reducing hydrocarbon levels in crude oil-polluted soil compared to Eisenia fetida. Mushroom-treated soils consistently exhibited substantial reductions in TOC, TPH, TOG, PAH, and THC over the study period, sugge

关键词： Hydrocarbon Crude Oil Soil Pollution Remediation Pleurotus ostreatus Eisenia fitida Wetland Core Niger Delta

PROJECT MANAGEMENT:RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2012年第2期21卷 129-143页

作者： nicholas G.HALL Department of Management Sciences Fisher College of Business The Ohio State UniversityUSA

This paper studies the business process known as project management. This process has exhibited a remarkable growth in business interest over the last 15 years, as demonstrated by a 1000% increase in membership in the Project Management Institute since 1996. This growth is largely attributable to the emergence of many new diverse business applications that can be successfully managed as projects. The new applications for project management include IT implementations, research and development, new product and service development, corporate change management, and software development. The characteristics of modem projects are typically very different from those of traditional projects such as construction and engineering, which necessitates the development of new project management techniques. We discuss these recent practical developments. The history of project management methodology is reviewed, from CPM and PERT to the influential modem directions of critical chain project management and agile methods. We identify one important application area for future methodological change as new product and service development. A list of specific research topics within project management is discussed. The conclusions suggest the existence of significant research opportunities within project management.

关键词： Project management overview recent practical developments opportunities for research

Composites with high omnidirectional fracture toughness due to helical interlocking fasteners are found in gingko seed shells

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National Science Review 2023年第5期10卷 106-108页

作者： nicholas A.Kotov Department of Chemical Engineering Biointerfaces InstituteDepartment of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Michigan Department of Aeronautics Imperial College London

Engineering of composites mimicking load-bearing materials from living organisms is essential for sustainable economic development and successful resolution of current and future bottle-necks of chemical,automotive,av...

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