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新时代职业教育高质量发展策略浅析

吉林省教育学院学报 2024年第6期40卷 98-103页

作者：倪明吉林省经济管理干部学院

新时代职业教育的高质量发展对于国家、社会和个人发展都发挥着不可替代的作用。本文从高等职业教育发展现状出发，分析职业教育在高质量发展过程中存在的共性问题，从深化职业教育内涵、明确职业教育定位、激发校企合作动能、强化职业... 详细信息

新时代职业教育的高质量发展对于国家、社会和个人发展都发挥着不可替代的作用。本文从高等职业教育发展现状出发，分析职业教育在高质量发展过程中存在的共性问题，从深化职业教育内涵、明确职业教育定位、激发校企合作动能、强化职业教育师资、完善职业教育体系五个方面入手，对问题进行针对性化解，以期以守正创新的方式促进高等职业教育高质量发展。

关键词：职业教育高质量发展职业人才培养策略

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基于压力传感阵列的方向盘握持状态识别

中国公路学报 2024年第7期37卷 291-302页

作者：郭栋李波石晓辉李明刘子敏李红玖重庆理工大学车辆工程学院重庆400054

自动驾驶是汽车智能化的重要组成部分,完全的自动驾驶是汽车智能化发展的制高点,但当前自动驾驶技术处于人机共驾的阶段,车辆的控制权需要在驾驶人与系统间来回切换,驾驶人仍是“人-车-路-环”的核心。对驾驶人手部握持状态的实时准确... 详细信息

自动驾驶是汽车智能化的重要组成部分,完全的自动驾驶是汽车智能化发展的制高点,但当前自动驾驶技术处于人机共驾的阶段,车辆的控制权需要在驾驶人与系统间来回切换,驾驶人仍是“人-车-路-环”的核心。对驾驶人手部握持状态的实时准确识别是实现车辆控制权安全切换的基础。为此,采用柔性仿生微纳米阵列压力传感器与力反馈方向盘相融合的方法,设计开发出用于驾驶人离手检测(Hands Off Detection,HOD)的智能方向盘系统,利用此系统采集了20名驾驶人在模拟驾驶状态下的握持方向盘压力数据集,并基于此数据集分别建立了方向盘握持位置的逻辑判断识别模型和握持指数识别的L-BP(Logic-Back Propagation)神经网络模型,进一步利用消融试验对L-BP模型的逻辑判断单元与BP(Back Propagation)单元对整体模型表现的贡献度进行量化,将此模型与纯逻辑判断模型、BP神经网络和支持向量机模型进行了对比测试。结果表明:L-BP模型的握持指数识别率为98.90%,比纯逻辑判断模型、BP模型和支持向量机模型的识别率分别提升了34.99%、4.00%与13.60%;握持位置逻辑判断的识别率为99.60%。所设计开发的HOD智能方向盘系统能准确实时地采集握力数据;所提出的识别模型能够准确实现驾驶人握持方向盘的手部位置与握持指数识别,为驾驶人危险驾驶检测、驾驶能力评估研究以及方向盘智能交互设计提供参考。

关键词：汽车工程方向盘握姿识别 L-BP神经网络智能方向盘压力传感器

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自适应特征融合的多模态实体对齐研究

自动化学报 2024年第4期50卷 758-770页

作者：郭浩李欣奕唐九阳郭延明赵翔国防科技大学系统工程学院长沙410073

多模态数据间交互式任务的兴起对于综合利用不同模态的知识提出了更高的要求,因此融合不同模态知识的多模态知识图谱应运而生.然而,现有多模态知识图谱存在图谱知识不完整的问题,严重阻碍对信息的有效利用.缓解此问题的有效方法是通过... 详细信息

多模态数据间交互式任务的兴起对于综合利用不同模态的知识提出了更高的要求,因此融合不同模态知识的多模态知识图谱应运而生.然而,现有多模态知识图谱存在图谱知识不完整的问题,严重阻碍对信息的有效利用.缓解此问题的有效方法是通过实体对齐进行知识图谱补全.当前多模态实体对齐方法以固定权重融合多种模态信息,在融合过程中忽略不同模态信息贡献的差异性.为解决上述问题,设计一套自适应特征融合机制,根据不同模态数据质量动态融合实体结构信息和视觉信息.此外,考虑到视觉信息质量不高、知识图谱之间的结构差异也影响实体对齐的效果,本文分别设计提升视觉信息有效利用率的视觉特征处理模块以及缓和结构差异性的三元组筛选模块.在多模态实体对齐任务上的实验结果表明,提出的多模态实体对齐方法的性能优于当前最好的方法.

关键词：多模态知识图谱实体对齐预训练模型特征融合

Effect of austenitizing condition on mechanical properties,microstructure and precipitation behavior of AISI H13 steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第1期31卷 143-156页

作者： An-gang ning Yang Liu Rui Gao Stephen Yue ming-bo Wang Han-jie Guo College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina Department of Mining and Materials Engineering McGill UniversityMontrealQCH3A 0C5Canada ASSAB Tooling Technology(Chongqing)Co. Ltd.Chongqing401120China School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China

The effects of austenitizing temperature(1223,1303,and 1373 K)and holding time(1-1500 s)on the microstructure,mechanical properties,and precipitation behavior of the H13 hot work die steel were *** results indicate a softening phenomenon when H13 steel is austenitized at 1303 K beyond 900 s and 1373 K beyond 600 s,*** the sample held for 1200 s,the tensile strength is found capable of reaching up to 2.2 GPa when quenched from a temperature above 1303 ***,prior-austenite grain size increases with the increase in austenitizing *** kinetic behavior of the precipitates(mainly MC-type carbides)in H13 steel could be elaborated through the principles set forth by the Arrhenius and Avrami ***,the comprehensive strengthening of the H13 steel was discussed in *** results show that the activation energy of the transformed fraction of carbides is higher than that of the diffusion process for common alloying elements(Cr,V,Mo,and ni)found in the *** suggests that it would be difficult for precipitates to dissolve into the matrix when H13 steel is austenitized at high *** the increasing austenitizing temperature,the precipitation fraction decreases,and the dislocation density *** dislocation strengthening is regarded as the dominant strengthening contributed to yield strength in as-quenched H13 steel.

关键词： H13 steel Austenitizing Mechanical property Precipitation behavior Comprehensive strengthening

Tailoring ni based catalysts by indium for the dehydrogenative coupling of ethanol into ethyl acetate

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第8期9卷 1321-1331页

作者： ming Yin Jifeng Pang Jin Guo Xianquan Li Yujia Zhao Pengfei Wu mingyuan Zheng CAS Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Applied Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Science and Engineering Dalian Jiaotong University

Exploring stable and robust catalysts to replace the current toxic CuCr based catalysts for dehydrogenative coupling of ethanol to ethyl acetate is a challenging but promising ***,novel niIn based catalysts were developed by tailoring ni catalysts with Indium （In） for this *** the optimal ni0.1Zn0.7Al0.3InOx catalyst,the ethyl acetate selectivity reached 90.1%at 46.2%ethanol conversion under the conditions of 548 K and a weight hourly space velocity of 1.9 h-1in the 370 h time on ***,the ethyl acetate productivity surpassed1.1 gethyl acetateg-1catalysth-1,one of the best performance in current *** to catalyst characterizations and conditional experiments,the active sites for dehydrogenative coupling of ethanol to ethyl acetate were proved to be ni4In *** presence of In tailored the chemical properties of ni,and subsequently inhibited the C±C cracking and/or condensation reactions during ethanol *** ni4In alloy sites,ethanol was dehydrogenated into acetaldehyde,and then transformed into acetyl species with the removal of H ***,the coupling between acetyl species and surface-abundant ethoxyde species into ethyl acetate was achieved,affording a high ethyl acetate selectivity and catalyst stability.

关键词： Dehydrogenative coupling Ethanol Ethyl acetate nickel and indium alloys

High-quality genome assemblies for two Australimusa bananas(Musa spp.)and insights into regulatory mechanisms of superior fiber properties

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 245-261页

作者： Run Zhou Shuo Wang ni Zhan Weidi He Guiming Deng Tongxin Dou Xi-Tong Zhu Wen-Zhao Xie Yu-Yu Zheng Chunhua Hu Fangcheng Bi Huijun Gao Tao Dong Siwen Liu Chunyu Li Qiaosong Yang Lingqiang Wang Jia-ming Song Jiangbo Dang Qigao Guo Ganjun Yi Ling-Ling Chen Ou Sheng Institute of Fruit Tree Research Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource UtilizationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree ResearchGuangzhou 510640China College of Informatics Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources College of Life Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

Bananas(Musa spp.)are monocotyledonous plants with high genetic diversity in the Musaceae family that are cultivated mainly in tropical and subtropical *** fruits are a popular food,and the plants themselves have diverse *** genetic groups(genomes)are thought to have contributed to current banana cultivars:Musa acuminata(A genome),Musa balbisiana(B genome),Musa schizocarpa(S genome),and species of the Australimusa section(T genome).However,the T genome has not been effectively ***,we present the high-quality TT genomes of two representative accessions,Abaca(Musa textilis),with high-quality naturalfiber,and Utafun(Musa troglodytarum,Fe’i group),with abundant *** the Abaca and Utafun assemblies comprise 10 pseudochromosomes,and their total genome sizes are 613 Mb and 619 Mb,*** genome analysis revealed that the larger size of the T genome is likely attributable to rapid expansion and slow removal of *** with those of Musa AA or BB accessions or sisal(Agava sisalana),Abacafibers exhibit superior mechanical properties,mainly because of their thicker cell walls with a higher content of cellulose,lignin,and *** of MusaCesA cellulose synthesis genes peaks earlier in Abaca than in AA or BB accessions during plant development,potentially leading to earlier cellulose accumulation during secondary cell wall *** Abaca-specific expressed gene MusaMYB26,which is directly regulated by MusaMYB61,may be an important regulator that promotes precocious expression of secondary cell wall ***,MusaWRKY2 and MusaNAC68,which appear to be involved in regulating expression of MusaLAC and MusaCAD,may at least partially explain the high accumulation of lignin in *** work contributes to a better understanding of banana domestica-tion and the diverse genetic resources in the Musaceae family,thus providing resources for Musa genetic improvement.

关键词： Australimusa bananas T genome Musaceae evolution structural variations fiber

作为理论认同和指导实践行动的思想武器--葛兰西文化领导权理论的再度考察

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华北电力大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第4期150卷 10-18页

作者：酒海明南开大学马克思主义学院天津300350

“理论一经掌握群众,也会变成物质力量。”这是马克思在探索理论武器具有物质力量的经典论断。这一论断凸显出无产阶级群众产生理论认同的现实意义,其中的核心是抓住“人本身”。这里的“人”就可以理解为广大的无产阶级群众,在此理论... 详细信息

“理论一经掌握群众,也会变成物质力量。”这是马克思在探索理论武器具有物质力量的经典论断。这一论断凸显出无产阶级群众产生理论认同的现实意义,其中的核心是抓住“人本身”。这里的“人”就可以理解为广大的无产阶级群众,在此理论认同的基础上能够体现出无产阶级在文化层面的领导权。葛兰西以马克思主义的理论为思想认同的前提,在都灵时期的政治活动中应用马克思主义理论总结历史经验,为之后建构文化领导权理论奠定了重要的思想基础。20世纪初欧洲无产阶级的革命运动一直笼罩着失败的阴霾,其中隐含着文化领导权的争夺问题。争夺文化领导权就是获得无产阶级群众的认同,而葛兰西的文化领导权理论为此问题提供了理论指引,为如何获得群众的“赞同”及其行动实践提供了理论认同的依据且关涉未来。从葛兰西对文化领导权所做的历史剖析中获取思想资源,能够为我们当今建构文化领导权提供理论参考,具有一定的理论启示和实践价值。

关键词：葛兰西文化领导权理论认同理论和实践相统一

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Amorphous high-entropy phosphoxides for efficient overall alkaline water/seawater splitting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第6期173卷 1-10页

作者： Han-ming Zhang Lihao Zuo Yuhang Gao Junxia Guo Caizhen Zhu Jian Xu Jinfeng Sun School of Materials Science and Engineering Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuangHebei 050018China Hebei Key Laboratory of Flexible Functional Materials ShijiazhuangHebei 0500180China Institute of Low-dimensional Materials Genome Initiative College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong 518060China

Designing and synthesizing cost-effective bifunctional catalysts for overall alkaline water/seawater splitting is still a huge challenge for hydrogen ***,Co/ni/Fe/Mn based-amorphous high-entropy phosphoxide self-standing electrode(CNFMPO)is synthesized by the facile and fast electrodeposition *** exhibits excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic performances on alkaline water/seawater *** hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and oxygen evolution reaction(OER)overpotentials of CNFMPO in alkaline water/seawater are as low as 43/73 and 252/282 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm^(-2),***,two-electrode electrolyzers with CNFMPO||CNFMPO successfully achieve the current density of 10 mA cm^(-2) at low voltages of 1.54 and 1.56 V for overall alkaline water/seawater splitting,*** exhibits satisfactory long-term stability on overall alkaline water/seawater splitting for the surface reconstruction into active metal hydroxide/(oxy)hydroxide,phosphite,and ***,no hypochlorite is detected during seawater electrolysis for the beneficial chlorite oxidation inhibition of the reconstructed phosphite and *** excellent catalytic performances of CNFMPO are due to the unique amorphous structure,multi-component synergistic effect,beneficial electronic structure modulation,and surface reconstruction during the catalytic reaction ***,CNFMPO has shown potential promotion to the development of the water/seawater splitting industry as a promising substituent for noble-metal *** work provides new insights into the design of efficient bifunctional catalysts for overall water/seawater splitting.

关键词： Amorphous high-entropy phosphoxides Water/seawater splitting Synergistic effect Surface reconstruction Electronic structure modulation Inhibition of chloride oxidation reaction

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雷诺数指数与雷诺数比的关系分析与应用

航空动力学报 2024年第7期39卷 116-125页

作者：倪明魏佐君赵晨彦任光明甘晓华南方科技大学工学院力学与航空航天工程系广东深圳518055

雷诺数指数(Rni)与雷诺数比(RNR)作为常用的雷诺数相关问题重要无量纲数广泛地用于航空发动机研发过程中,然而前者多用于工程研制阶段,后者多用于研究初期阶段,两者长期处于应用层级割裂状态.为了厘清Rni与RNR之间的关系,首先用Π定理... 详细信息

雷诺数指数(Rni)与雷诺数比(RNR)作为常用的雷诺数相关问题重要无量纲数广泛地用于航空发动机研发过程中,然而前者多用于工程研制阶段,后者多用于研究初期阶段,两者长期处于应用层级割裂状态.为了厘清Rni与RNR之间的关系,首先用Π定理和无量纲数代数推导两种方法推导出了 Rni,结果揭示了 Rni的物理含义为考虑马赫数修正的RNR,代表了雷诺数强相似性原理;RNR仅基于表速相似,代表了雷诺数弱相似性原理.其次,比较了雷诺数指数与雷诺数比之间的关系,在两者的相对差仅为温度的函数,在工况温度比处于0.94~1.06的范围时,Rni与RNR两者相差±3%以内,认为两者可以互换;因为工况间温度比差距过大目前以RNR为自变量的雷诺数修正公式在实际使用中误差过大的原因之一.最后,给出了一种基于Rni为1.0、保证雷诺数强相似性的冷热态工作点模化方法,作为Rni的应用范例,并给出了两组冷热态换算结果,计算得到冷热态工况的Π函数是一致的,因此可以认为冷热态模化满足相似性原理.分析并解释了 Rni与RNR的关系,可作为航空发动机研制各阶段中雷诺数相关问题无量纲参数选取的依据.

关键词：雷诺数指数雷诺数比相似性模化冷热态模化