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Wettability modification effects on relative permeability end-points:Comparative analysis of surfactant agents for enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum Research 2024年第2期9卷 206-218页

作者： Erfan Hosseini negar Hosseini Mohammad Sarmadivaleh Exploration Directorate National Iranian Oil Company(NIOC)TehranIran Department of Petroleum Engineering Islamic Azad University(IAU)IlamIran WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

This research examines the impact of wettability alteration on the end points of relative permeability,a crucial property of fluids and porous media that influences the displacement processes of immiscible fluids through such *** estimation of the mobility ratio for oil recovery relies on these end points,which are influenced by connate water saturation and residual oil *** investigate this relationship,carbonate rock is generally subjected to wettability alteration using surfactant agents,and core flooding is employed to determine the relative permeability before and after the *** wettability of the rock is commonly assessed through contact angle *** surfactants,TritonX-100(Tx-100)and Cedar,were tested in reducing the wettability of the porous media for *** contact angle measurements revealed that Tx-100 was more effective for this purpose than ***,the relative permeability tests indicated that both surfactants decreased residual oil saturation,but Tx-100 also improved system *** contrast,Cedar reduced residual oil saturation but increased system pressure,possibly because of its high *** results also demonstrate that injecting Tx-100 leads to a 14%increase in ultimate oil recovery compared with water injection,while Cedar injection increased the recovery factor by 5%.This difference may be attributed to the incomplete coverage of the pore wall by Cedar or its weaker chemical structure than ***,in carbonate cores,neither non-ionic surfactant enhanced oil recovery.

关键词： Wettability alteration Relative permeability Core flooding Tx-100 Cedar Contact angle

Mechanical behavior of salt rocks: A geomechanical model

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Petroleum 2023年第4期9卷 508-525页

作者： Saeed Shad negar Razaghi Davood Zivar Soheil Mellat Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehranIran PanTerra Geoconsultants BV LeiderdorpNetherlands

The geomechanical behavior of salt rocks is a significant concern during drilling and development operations in some hydrocarbon reservoirs and underground gas storage *** this study,the static and dynamic salt rock geomechanical properties from a field in southwest Iran were evaluated using experiments such as waves'velocities,and thermo-mechanical coupled uniaxial and triaxial compression *** a result and by considering both the petrophysical well logs and laboratory data of the waves’velocities,it is observed that the elastic properties of the core samples are concentrated within a narrow range unless an abnormality causes *** results of uniaxial compression tests showed that rock strength decreases with increasing temperature *** addition,the reduction of rock strength was observed with increasing porosity of the core samples as *** the case of triaxial compression tests,applying confining pressure on the core sample caused an increment in rock strength,while temperature decreased rock *** temperature also increased cohesion and decreases friction *** ratio of changes in stress to strain was used to investigate the dynamic changes in the geomechanical *** maximum 0.25 damage factor was observed for the core samples for different definitions of the damage ***,we propose a novel analytical model to predict the stress-strain behavior of salt rocks at different *** model was validated using experimental results and indicated a satisfactory accuracy.

关键词： Salt rock Underground gas storage Geomechanics Dynamic and static mechanical properties Transition zone Damage factor

Sulfuric acid {[3-(3-silicapropyl)sulfanyl]propyl}ester a recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of 2-aryl- 1-arylmethyl- 1H- 1,3-benzimidazole derivatives

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2011年第10期22卷 1151-1154页

作者： Nasir Iravani negar Safikhani Mohammadzade Khodabakhsh Niknam Department of Chemistry Islamic Azad UniversityGachsaran BranchGachsaranIran

A highly selective synthesis of 2-aryl-1-arylmethyl-1H-1,3-benzimidazoles from the reaction of o-phenylenediamine and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of sulfuric acid{[3-(3-silicapropyl)sulfanyl]propyl}ester(SASPSP... 详细信息

关键词： Sulfuric acid{[3-(3-silicapropyl)sulfanyl]propyl}ester 2-Aryl-1-arylmethyl-1H-1 3-benzimidazoles Aldehydes o-Phenylenediamine Water

Downed logs improve soil properties in old-growth temperate forests of northern Iran

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Pedosphere 2020年第3期30卷 378-389页

作者： negar MOGHIMIAN Seyed Gholamali JALALI Yahya KOOCH Ana REY Faculty of Natural Resources&Marine Sciences Tarbiat Modares UniversityNoor 46417-76489Iran Department of Biogeography and Global Change National Museum of Natural History(MNCN)Spanish Scientific Council(CSIC)C/Serrano 115bisMadrid 28006(Spain

Dead trees, particularly downed logs, play an important role in the dynamics of forest ecosystem. Contribution of decaying wood to C and nutrient pools of forest soils depends on the tree species and degree of wood decay. However, the extent to which the downed logs affect the soil properties of temperate forests has rarely been evaluated. In this study, a mixed beech forest was selected in Liresar region of Mazandaran Province, northern Iran, to investigate if and how the presence of downed logs affected soil quality and function by comparing soils underneath degraded logs and nearby soils of the two dominant tree species(beech and hornbeam). We then explored how these effects occurred as downed logs decomposed by comparing the woods of both tree species at four degrees of decomposition. Degree of decay of downed logs was classified into four classes(DC1–DC4). Eight dead trees of each tree species were selected at the center of each sample plot. Three composite soil samples underneath each decaying log and 100 cm away from a decaying log were collected at two soil depths(0–15 and 15–30 cm) to analyze soil main physicochemical properties and microbial activity. The results revealed that downed logs affected soil physical(5% wetter than control soils), chemical(2% lower pH, 100% increase in organic C and total N in the case of hornbeam, and 2% increase in P), and biological characteristics(soil microbial respiration enhanced by 10%, and microbial biomass C 620 and 351.5 mg kg-1 and microbial biomass N 66.47 and 32.18 mg kg-1, respectively, in the cases of beech and hornbeam), thus resulting in significantly different soil microsites from those without downed logs. Presence of downed logs increased soil microbial activity and soil fertility as wood decayed. Thus, the presence of downed logs is an important factor influencing forest soils and should be taken into consideration in forest management practices.

关键词： beech course woody debris dead tree decay degree hornbeam soil microbial activity soil physicochemical properties

Cognitive-emotional feasibility of the effect of visual quality of building form on promoting the sense of place attachment(Case study:Cultural iconic buildings of Iran’s contemporary architecture)

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第1期13卷 37-56页

作者： Narmin Ariannia negar Naseri Mansour Yeganeh Digital Architecture and Artificial Intelligence Lab Department of ArchitectureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Architectural Design Modeling and Fabrication LabDepartment of ArchitectureTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

The present research studies the relationship between place attachment and the perception of form’s visual quality in fifteen outstanding contemporary Iranian architectural cultural *** study puts forward the hypothesis that there is a correlation between the quality of building form and the sense of place attachment,in the sense that creating high visual quality through enhancing the quality of building form increases citizens’initial satisfaction with and subsequent attachment to the *** visual quality influences people’s experience of the environment and improves the quality of *** attachment highlights how people,on a personal level,recreate a sense of place for *** present study adopts the descriptive-analytical method as its theoretical framework and the survey as the empirical *** were developed using the Likert scale and distributed among experts and ordinary *** analysis using SPSS and the adoption of descriptive-analytical statistics,correlation analysis,and regression showed the relationship among the characteristics of *** results show a positive correlation between form and place attachment mediated through visual quality,and they are causal conditions for one *** addition,only some of the buildings under study evoke the same level of place attachment.

关键词： Visual preferences Environmental quality Environmental psychology Mental schemas Contemporary architecture

Developing a phenomenological model to simulate single and mixed scale formation during flow in porous media:Coupling a salt precipitation model with an ion transport equation under dynamic conditions

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Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 17-36页

作者： Erfan Hosseini Dana Mohammad Nazar negar Hosseini Mohammad Sarmadivaleh Exploration Directorate National Iranian Oil Company(NIOC)TehranIran Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research DresdenDresdenGermany Department of Petroleum Engineering Islamic Azad University(IAU)IlamIran WA School of Mines:Minerals Energy and Chemical EngineeringCurtin UniversityPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia

Water flooding and pressure maintenance are recommended to improve oil recovery practices after low recovery of petroleum reservoirs occurs during primary *** crystal formation is a frequent occurrence when using these *** experimental,numerical,and theoretical studies have been done on the mechanisms underlying scaling and permeability reduction in porous media;however,there has not been a satisfactory model *** study developed a phenomenological model to predict formation damage caused by salt *** with existing models,which provide a scaling tendency,the proposed model predicts the profile of scale *** salt precipitation model simulates reactive fluid flow through porous media.A thermodynamic,kinetic,and flow hydrodynamic model was developed and coupled with the ion transport equation to describe the movement of ***,a set of carefully designed dynamic experiments were conducted and the data were compared with the model *** forecasts and experimental data were observed to have an average absolute error(AAE)ranging from 0.68%to 5.94%,which indicates the model's suitability.

关键词： Improved oil recovery Water flooding Formation damage Scaling tendency Salt precipitation

Structural performance of flexible freeform panelssubjected to wind loads

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 851-869页

作者： Yong YOO Zaryab SHAHID Renzhe CHEN Maria KOLIOU Anastasia MULIANA negar KALANTAR Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA J.Mike Walker'66 Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Architecture Division California College of the ArtsSan FranciscoCA 94107USA

An increased number of hurricanes and tornadoes have been recorded worldwide in the last decade,while research efforts to reduce wind-related damage to structures become *** architecture,which focuses on generating complex curved shapes including streamlined shapes,has recently gained *** study focuses on investigating the potential of kerf panels,which have unique flexibility depending on the cut patterns and densities,to generate complex shapes for facades and their performance under wind *** investigate the kerf panel's potential capacity against wind loads,static and dynamic analyses were conducted for two kerf panel types with different cut densities and pre-deformed *** was observed that although solid panels result in smaller displacement amplitudes,stresses,and strains in some cases,the kerf panels allow for global and local cell deformations resulting in stress reduction in various locations with the potential to reduce damage due to overstress in *** the predeformed kerf panels,it was observed that both the overall stress and strain responses in kerf cut arrangements were lower than those of the flat-shaped *** study shows the promise of the use of kerf panels in achieving both design flexibility and performance demands when exposed to service *** that this newly proposed architectural configuration(design paradigm)for facades could revolutionize structural engineering by pushing complex freeform shapes to a standard practice that intertwines aesthetic arguments,building performance requirements,and material design considerations has the potential for significant practical applications.

关键词： freeform structure kerfing method wind load analysis cladding component

Assessing building’s post-earthquake functional recovery accounting for utility system disruption

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2023年第3期2卷 53-73页

作者： negar Mohammadgholibeyki Maria Koliou Abbie B.Liel Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843United States Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural EngineeringUniversity of Colorado BoulderUnited States

Experience from past earthquakes has demonstrated the need to account for design goals beyond safety,known as functional recovery objectives,in the interest of community *** have been proposed in the literature to assess the post-earthquake functional recovery of a building,but without accounting for utility systems’disruption,which may be a key contributor to determining when a building is *** paper integrates a previously proposed probabilistic method for estimating the post-earthquake restoration of critical utility services with an individual building’s functional recovery assessment *** integration was performed by incorporating utilities into the building system fault trees embedded into a functional recovery framework for various building occupancies(residential and commercial office buildings).Once incorporated,the results are used to interrogate the functional recovery of a reinforced concrete building,and the recovery time results were presented for seven cases investigating contributing factors in the functional recovery results including the number of crews available for lifeline restoration,the effect of low-quality service on meeting tenant requirements for elevators,heating ventilation and air conditioning(HVAC),plumbing and electrical systems,consideration of fire watch,the effect of building seismic retrofit,as well as different cases of fragility functions for the lifeline *** showed that utility systems’disruption does not have a significant impact on the recoccupancy of a building because only one utility-dependent building system(fire suppression)is needed for the building’s *** reoccupancy,utility systems are significant for functional recovery,mainly at moderate hazard levels because,at these levels,lifeline networks could be damaged without significant building damage,such that the lifeline systems restoration *** with more restrictive tenant requirements are more sen

关键词： Post-earthquake functional recovery Utility service Lifeline recovery Restoration time

Seismic resilience of building inventory towards resilient cities

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Resilient Cities and Structures 2022年第1期1卷 1-12页

作者： Juan Gustavo Salado Castillo Michel Bruneau negar Elhami-Khorasani Technological University of Panama PanamaPanama University at Buffalo State University of New YorkBuffaloUnited States

Resilience of a community after an extreme event depends on the resilience of different infrastructure including *** is no well-established approach to characterize and integrate building resilience for community-level *** paper investigates how different potential functionality measures can be used to quantify building resilience indexes,and how the results could be aggregated for a set of buildings to provide an indi-cator for the resilience of an entire *** quantification of building resilience is based on different functionality measures including repair cost,occupancy level,and asset *** archetype city block with four different buildings is *** individual results for each building are combined using a weight-based ap-proach to quantify the resilience index for the city *** study then considers small-scale communities with different number of buildings to investigate the influence of contractor availability and collapse probability on the resilience indexes for the set of *** parameters are shown to be important when quantifying the resilience *** is also demonstrated that the overall resilience of a community is directly influenced by the resilience of individual *** findings presented here are useful both from the perspective of quantifying the resilience of a community on the basis of its building inventory,as well as for possible inclusion into a holistic framework that aims to quantify community resilience.

关键词： Seismic resilience Building resilience index Community Repair cost Occupancy level Asset value