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Strong parallel evidence of selection during switchgrass sward establishment in hybrid and lowland ecotypes

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Grassland Research 2022年第1期1卷 31-42页

作者： neal w.tilhou Shawn M.Kaeppler Michael D.Casler Department of Agronomy University of WisconsinMadisonWisconsinUSA USDA-ARS U.S.Dairy Forage Research CenterMadisonWisconsinUSA

Background:Switchgrass sward establishment results in up to 90%seedling *** degree of selection during sward establishment has not been reported using modern genetic ***:Pooled leaf samples were sequenced from replicated swards of 46 half-sib families from two breeding groups(lowland and hybrid)before and through 3 years of stand *** allele frequencies were then assessed using fixation indices(Fst)and an independent data set was used to predict the polygenic impact of establishment selection on two traits(heading date and winter survivorship).Last,the DNA pools were assigned survival rankings to predict the sward survival genomically estimated breeding values within the training data ***:Strong and parallel selection occured in both breeding *** genomic regions exceeded the significant threshold of 99.9%in>10 families,indicating consistent selection across families and breeding *** trait predictions determined that establishment selection was partially associated with winter survivorship but resulted in variable heading date *** genomewide variation is consistent with selection for a small number of related parental ***:This study observed strong selection for a small number of hybrid and coastal ecotype individuals which are promising germplasm sources for improved sward *** confirms prior reports of sward selection during grassland establishment and highlights the strength of pooled DNA sequencing for survival traits.

关键词： genomic prediction grassland establishment Panicum virgatum polygenic traits selection

Review of the current targeted therapies for non-small-cell lung cancer

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world Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第4期5卷 576-587页

作者： Kim-Son H Nguyen Joel w neal Heather wakelee Division of Oncology Department of Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305 United States Division of Oncology Department of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine StanfordCA 94305 United States

The last decade has witnessed the development of oncogene-directed targeted therapies that have significantly changed the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC). In this paper we review the data demonstrating efficacy of gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib, which target the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR), and crizotinib which targets anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK). we discuss the challenge of acquired resistance to these small-molecular tyrosine kinase inhibitors and review promising agents which may overcome resistance, including the EGFR T790 Mtargeted agents CO-1686 and AZD9291, and the ALKtargeted agents ceritinib(LDK378), AP26113, alectinib(CH/RO5424802), and others. Emerging therapies directed against other driver oncogenes in NSCLC including ROS1, HER2, and BRAF are covered as well. The identification of specific molecular targets in a significant fraction of NSCLC has led to the personalized deployment of many effective targeted therapies, with more to come.

关键词： Lung cancer Non-small cell lung cancer Targeted therapies Epidermal growth factor receptor Epidermal growth factor receptor Anaplastic lymphoma kinase Anaplastic lymphoma kinase Acquired resistance

Low-carbon city communication:Integrated strategies for urban and rural municipalities in Thailand

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2020年第1期18卷 16-25页

作者： Sukanya Sereenonchai Noppol Arunrat Thomas neal Stewart Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahidol UniversitySalayaNakhon Pathom73170Thailand

As an important sustainable development goal,the creation of low-carbon cities(LCCs)has become crucial to creating livable cities and environmental ***,we aimed to understand the factors that support the transition of traditional cities to LCCs,by analyzing and synthesizing how to promote practical LCC across 15 pilot municipalities in four regions of Thailand,covering four strategies:City of Trees,City of waste Minimization,City of Energy Efficiency,and City of Sustainable *** research,in-depth interviews,and observations were employed for data collection,while the 5w(who,says what,in which channel,to whom,and with what effect)and SMCR(sender,message,channel,and receiver)models were used to create a communication analysis *** revealed that the effective activities of municipalities should increase tree planting and implement more serious regulations for the conservation of existing *** compost and establishing waste recycling banks are recommended for rural municipalities,while optimization of garbage and wastewater management systems and facilities should be highlighted in urban ***,recycling,low-carbon agriculture,second-hand shops/markets,green markets,and homegrown vegetables should be encouraged for sustainable *** with local municipalities,credible leaders and representatives were the key ***,message design should compare the pros and cons of behaviors,connect with local health and tourism,and promote dialogue in easy-to-understand and thought-provoking *** that drive LCC should have an excellent understanding of LCC practice and its benefits,be public-minded,and have a desire to live in a good environment.

关键词： Low-carbon city Low-carbon communication Integrated strategies Urban and rural municipalities Thailand

Criss-Cross Attentional Siamese Networks for Object Tracking

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 2931-2946页

作者： Zhangdong wang Jiaohua Qin Xuyu Xiang Yun Tan neal N.Xiong College of Computer Science and Information Technology Central South University of Forestry&TechnologyChangsha410004China Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Northeastern State UniversityTahlequah74464OKUSA

Visual object tracking is a hot topic in recent *** the meanwhile,Siamese networks have attracted extensive attention in this field because of its balanced precision and ***,most of the Siamese network methods can only distinguish foreground from the non-semantic *** fine-tuning and retraining of fully-convolutional Siamese networks for object tracking(SiamFC)can achieve higher precision under interferences,but the tracking accuracy is still not ideal,especially in the environment with more target interferences,dim light,and *** this paper,we propose crisscross attentional Siamese networks for object tracking(SiamCC).To solve the imbalance between foreground and non-semantic background,we use the feature enhancement module of criss-cross attention to greatly improve the accuracy of video object tracking in dim light and shadow *** results show that the maximum running speed of SiamCC in the object tracking benchmark dataset is 90 frames/*** terms of detection accuracy,the accuracy of shadow sequences is greatly improved,especially the accuracy score of sequence HUMAN8 is improved from 0.09 to 0.89 compared with the original SiamFC,and the success rate score is improved from 0.07 to 0.55.

关键词： Criss-cross attention object-tracking siamese-network

Therapeutic nucleic acids in regenerative medicine and tissue repair

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8942-8976页

作者： Qimanguli Saiding Duotian Qin Soohwan An Dylan neal Patel Muhammad Muzamil Khan Na Kong wei Tao Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts 02115USA

In the vanguard of biomedical innovation,regenerative medicine emerges as a transformative paradigm,concentrating its efforts on rectifying tissue deficits and functional aberrations in patients through the strategic augmentation of endogenous cellular *** to this approach is nucleic acid therapy,which offers a novel pathway for tissue regeneration by modulating key signaling *** one of the most effective ways to regulate cell function,nucleic acids are crucial for various tissue regeneration;however,their in vivo therapeutic applications face substantial challenges,including nuclease degradation,cell membrane impermeability,and targeted intracellular ***-based gene delivery systems offer a solution for stable and localized drug delivery by enabling the controlled overexpression of therapeutic nucleic acids,producing functional regulatory *** review presents examples of nucleic acid applications in regenerative medicine,highlighting the synergy between nucleic acids and biomaterial *** underlines the importance of nucleic acid delivery techniques,the choice of therapeutic nucleic acids,and biomaterials for advancing tissue *** latest developments in designing nucleic acid biomaterial-based delivery vehicles are explored,the mechanism of nucleic acids in tissue regeneration is elucidated,and their limitations are discussed while considering future directions for the clinical translation of nucleic acid-based therapeutics.

关键词： tissue repair nucleic acids biomaterials delivery systems regenerative medicine

由患者自己决定是否参与急性心肌梗死相关的临床试验

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英国医学杂志中文版 2016年第2期19卷 72-75页

作者： neal w Dickert Franklin G Miller 卢尚欣 Department of Medicine Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA 30322 USA Department of Epidemiology Emory University Rollins School of Public Health Atlanta Department of Bioethics National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA 首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院心内科

在临床试验中，对于需要紧急治疗的危重患者不太可能做到关于试验的充分知情同意，但是neal w Dickert和Franklin G Milleri认为这并不意味着他们完全不能参与临床试验。

关键词：患者急性心肌梗临床试验治疗方法

100-Gb/s undersea transmission with high spectral efficiency using pre-filtered QPSK modulation format

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Chinese Optics Letters 2010年第9期8卷 831-836页

作者： J.-X. Cai Y. Cai C. R. Davidson D. G. Foursa A. Lucero O. Sinkin w. Patterson A. Pilipetskii G. Mohs neal S. Bergano Tyco Electronics Subsea Communications LLC ("TE SubCom" formerly known as ~co Telecommunications (US) Inc.) 250 Industrial Way West Eatontown NJ 07724 USA

we provide a review of our recent 100-Gb/s, high spectral efficiency （SE） experiment targeting transoceanic and regional undersea transmission distances. we demonstrated that simple pre-filtering at the transmitter together with a maximum a posteriori probability （MAP） detection algorithm can significantly improve SE. we transmitted 96×100-Gb/s pre-filtered polarization division multiplexed return-to-zero quadrature phase shift keyed （PDM-RZ-QPSK） channels with 300% SE over 10608 km using 52-km spans of 150-μm 2 fiber and simple single-stage erbium-doped fiber amplifiers （EDFAs）. we also achieved 400% SE over 4368 km using similar techniques.

关键词： Bit error rate Erbium doped fiber amplifiers Modulation Optical signals Quadrature phase shift keying Signal processing

Emerging vaccine nanotechnology: From defense against infection to sniping cancer

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2022年第5期12卷 2206-2223页

作者： Chan Feng Yongjiang Li Bijan Emiliano Ferdows Dylan neal Patel Jiang Ouyang Zhongmin Tang Na Kong Enguo Chen wei Tao Department of Respiratory Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310016China Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology Brigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Cancer Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Department of Pharmacy the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410011China

Looking retrospectively at the development of humanity, vaccination is an unprecedented medical landmark that saves lives by harnessing the human immune system. During the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic, vaccination is still the most effective defense modality. The successful clinical application of the lipid nanoparticle-based Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna mRNA COVID-19 vaccines highlights promising future of nanotechnology in vaccine development. Compared with conventional vaccines, nanovaccines are supposed to have advantages in lymph node accumulation,antigen assembly, and antigen presentation;they also have, unique pathogen biomimicry properties because of well-organized combination of multiple immune factors. Beyond infectious diseases, vaccine nanotechnology also exhibits considerable potential for cancer treatment. The ultimate goal of cancer vaccines is to fully mobilize the potency of the immune system as a living therapeutic to recognize tumor antigens and eliminate tumor cells, and nanotechnologies have the requisite properties to realize this *** this review, we summarize the recent advances in vaccine nanotechnology from infectious disease prevention to cancer immunotherapy and highlight the different types of materials, mechanisms, administration methods, as well as future perspectives.

关键词： Vaccine Nanotechnology Infection Cancer Nanovaccines Vaccination Diseases prevention Immunotherapy

Treatment of the ulnar nerve for overhead throwing athletes undergoing ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction

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world Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第10期7卷 650-656页

作者： Matthew S Conti Christopher L Camp neal S Elattrache David w Altchek Joshua S Dines Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special Surgery Shoulder and Sports Medicine Service Hospital for Special Surgery Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic

Ulnar nerve(UN) injuries are a common complaint amongst overhead athletes. The UN is strained during periods of extreme valgus stress at the elbow, especially in the late-cocking and early acceleration phases of throwing. Although early ulnar collateral ligament(UCL) reconstruction techniques frequently included routine submuscular UN transposition, this is becoming less common with more modern techniques. we review the recent literature on the sites of UN compression, techniques to evaluate the UN nerve, and treatment of UN pathology in the overhead athlete. we also discuss our preferred techniques for selective decompression and anterior transposition of the UN when indicated. More recent studies support the use of UN transpositions only when there are specific preoperative symptoms. Athletes with isolated ulnar neuropathy are increasingly being treated with subcutaneous anterior transposition of the nerve rather than submuscular transposition. when ulnar neuropathy occurs with UCL insufficiency, adoption of the muscle-splitting approach for UCL reconstructions, as well as using a subcutaneous UN transposition have led to fewer postoperative complications and improved outcomes. Prudent handling of the UN in addition to appropriate surgical technique can lead to a high percentage of athletes who return to competitive sports following surgery for ulnar neuropathy.

关键词： Ulnar nerve Neuropathy Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction Management Athletes