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Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in china 2023:An Updated Summary

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期37卷 949-992页

作者： national center for Cardiovascular Diseases The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in china Shengshou Hu .

Since 1990,china has made considerable progress in resolving the problem of“treatment difficulty”of cardiovascular diseases(CVD).The prevalent unhealthy lifestyle among Chinese residents has exposed a massive proportion of the population to CVD risk factors,and this situation is further worsened due to the accelerated aging population in *** remains one of the greatest threats to the health of Chinese *** terms of the proportions of disease mortality among urban and rural residents in china,CVD has persistently ranked *** 2021,CVD accounted for 48.98%and 47.35%of deaths in rural and urban areas,*** out of every five deaths can be attributed to *** implement a national policy“focusing on the primary health institute and emphasizing prevention”and truly achieve a shift of CVD prevention and treatment from hospitals to communities,the national center for Cardiovascular Diseases has organized experts from relevant fields across china to compile the“Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in china”annually since *** 2024 report is established based on representative,published,and high-quality big-data research results from cross-sectional and cohort population epidemiological surveys,randomized controlled clinical trials,large sample registry studies,and typical community prevention and treatment cases,along with data from some projects undertaken by the national center for Cardiovascular *** firsthand data not only enrich the content of the current report but also provide a more timely and comprehensive reflection of the status of CVD prevention and treatment in china.

关键词： Cardiovascular disease Risk factor Prevalence Mortality Rehabilitation Basic research Medical device development Health economics

中国政治经济学年度发展报告（2023）（下）

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政治经济学评论 2024年第3期 90+207-208页

作者： center for Studies of Contemporary Political Economy,Research Institute for 21st-Century Marxism,Nankai University·University of Chinese Academy of Social Science center for Teaching and Research on Capital,Renmin University of china national Institute of Socialist Political Economy with Chinese Characteristics,Renmin University of china 南开大学·中国社会科学院大学21世纪马克思主义研究院当代政治经济学研究中心中国人民大学《资本论》教学与研究中心中国人民大学全国中国特色社会主义政治经济学研究中心

编者按2023年，高质量发展扎实推进，新质生产力加快形成，我国经济总体回升向好，圆满实现发展主要预期目标。为针对性地破解经济恢复发展中的难题，聚焦推进中国式现代化进程中的重点、难点问题，中国政治经济学界开展系统深入研究，...

编者按2023年，高质量发展扎实推进，新质生产力加快形成，我国经济总体回升向好，圆满实现发展主要预期目标。为针对性地破解经济恢复发展中的难题，聚焦推进中国式现代化进程中的重点、难点问题，中国政治经济学界开展系统深入研究，取得系列代表性成果。为准确刻画学界研究进展和轨迹，推动中国经济学理论体系的构建和完善，本刊精选议题如期奉上《中国政治经济学年度发展报告（2023）》。自2010年起，本刊连续十四年发布《中国政治经济学年度发展报告》，“年度发展报告”专栏已成为本刊标志性特色栏目。2023年报告聚焦12个专题，分为（上）（下）两篇，其中专题1—6于报告（上）篇刊登，专题7—12由报告（下）篇刊登。2023年报告（下）选题如下：

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Influence of Ru addition on microstructure and stress-rupture property of Ni-based single crystal superalloys

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2010年第1期20卷 61-69页

作者： Jing-yang CHEN~1,Qiang FENG~(1,2),La-mei CAO~3,Zu-qing SUN~1 1.State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and materials,University of Science and technology beijing, beijing 100083,china 2.national center for materials Service Safety,University of Science and technology beijing,beijing 100083,china 3.national Key Laboratory of Science and technology on Advanced high Temperature Structural materials, beijing Institute of Aeronautical materials,beijing 100095,china Univ Sci & Technol beijing State Key Lab Adv Met & Mat Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol beijing Natl Ctr Mat Serv Safety Beijing 100083 Peoples R China beijing Inst Aeronaut Mat Natl Key Lab Sci & Technol Adv High Temp Struct M Beijing 100095 Peoples R China

The effects of Ru on the microstructure and stress-rupture property were investigated in two experimental Ni-based single crystal superalloys with and without Ru addition(5.1%,mass fraction).The results indicate that the morphology ofγ' precipitates in the dendrite core and interdendritic region are intermediate and nearly spherical,respectively,in the Ru-free alloy after being aged at 1100℃for 8 *** Re partitioning ratio increases due to Ru addition and Ru partitioned preferentially to theγphase in both dendrite core and interdendritic region of the Ru-containing alloy,which results in more negative lattice misfit and more cuboidalγ' ***,theγ' volume fraction increases while the precipitate size and y channel width decreases due to Ru addition in both dendrite core and interdendritic *** addition improves the stress-rupture life at 1100℃/140 MPa significantly due to higherγ' volume fraction,more negative lattice misfit and a well rafting structure as well as lessγchannel width.

关键词： Ni-based superalloys ruthenium elemental partitioning ratio lattice misfit γ’ morphology stress-rupture property

development of Rapidly Quenched Soft Magnetic materials in china

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Journal of materials Science & technology 2000年第2期16卷 131-136页

作者： Shaoxiong ZHOU (national Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Alloy Engineering Research center, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, beijing 100081, china) national Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Alloy Engineering Research center Central Iron and Steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China

The discovery of the first Fe-based ferromagnetic amorphous alloy in 1966 had made an impact on conventional magnetic materials because of its unique properties. Since then, a number of amorphous magnetic materials have been successfully developed and used in a wide variety of applications. A brief review of R & D activities on amorphous soft magnetic materials in china is given from the beginning to the present in a somewhat chronological order, followed by a brief introduction to their applications on electric and electronic industries. An analysis and a prospect of Chinese market of such amorphous materials are also presented.

关键词： development of Rapidly Quenched Soft Magnetic materials in china

GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGES AND THE TOURISM OF china

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 1996年第2期6卷 97-102页

作者： Ren Guoyu(national Climate center, beijing 100081People’s Republic of china) national Climate center Beijing 100081 China

The future global climate changes induced by the increased atmospheric CO2 concentration is receiving much attention from the scientific community as well as the public. Model simulations and palaeoclimatic data studies show an evident change in temperature and precipitation over china will occur under conditions of the global warming. Possible scenarios of the future climates are given here for china on the basis of synthesizing model simulations and palaeoclimatic data. Most parts of china will experience an increase in temperature, but the warming may be more remarkable in winter in h1e northern half of the country. Increase in precipitation will be seen in nearly every parts of the eastern china, and it will be larger in North and Northeast china. Impacts of the climate changes on the national tourism are assessed. Regions suitable for tourisin development in terms of climate comfortable index will shift northward. Some scenic spots and toruism facilities will be damaged due to sea level rise and increased rainfall. Some regions will benefit from the dimate change, but the tourism industry as a whole will be negatively affected.

关键词： IPCC GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGES AND THE TOURISM OF china

Principle and application of three-band gradient difference vegetation index

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第2期48卷 241-249页

作者： TANG Shihao, ZHU Qijiang, WANG Jindi, ZHOU Yuyu & ZHAO Feng Research center for Remote Sensing and GIS, Department of Geography, beijing Normal University, beijing 100875, china national Satellite Meteorological center, china Meteorological Administration, beijing 100081, china 1. Research center for Remote Sensing and GIS Department of Geography Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. national Satellite Meteorological center China Meteorological Administration 100081 Beijing China

Vegetation index is a simple, effective and experiential measurement of terrestrial vegetation activity, and plays a very important role in qualitative and quantitative remote sensing. Aiming at shortages of current vegetation indices, and starting from the analysis of vegetation spectral characteristics, we put forward a new vegetation index, the three-band gradient difference vegetation index (TGDVI), and established algorithms to inverse crown cover fraction and leaf area index (LAI) from it. Theoretical analysis and model simulation show that TGDVI has high saturation point and the ability to remove the influence of background to some degree, and the explicit functional relation with crown cover fraction and LAI can be established. Moreover, study shows that TGDVI also has the ability to partly remove the influence of thin cloud. Experiment in the Shunyi District, beijing, china shows that reasonable result can be reached using the vegetation index to retrieve LAI. We also theoretically analyzed the reason why the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) owns the low saturation point, and show that it is determined by the definition of NDVI and the characteristic of vegetation spectra, and is unavoidable to some degree. Meanwhile, through model simulation, we also indicate that the relationship between simple ratio vegetation index (SR) and LAI closes to a piecewise linear one instead of a linear one, which is mainly caused by the influence of background and different change rates of reflectance in red and infrared bands with LAI increasing.

关键词： vegetation index, remote sensing, LAI, crown cover fraction, remote sensing inversion.

Simulation of 1991-2005 Meiyu seasons in the Yangtze-Huaihe region using BCC_RegCM 1.0

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第11期55卷 1077-1083页

作者： HU YaMin1,2,3& DING YiHui4 1 Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology, china Meteorological Administration, Guangzhou 510080, china 2 Guangdong Climate center, Guangzhou 510080, china 3 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, beijing 100081, china 4 national Climate center, china Meteorological Administration, beijing 100081, china Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological Administration Guangzhou 510080 China Guangdong Climate center Guangzhou 510080 China Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China national Climate center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China

By using BCC_RegCM 1.0 (RegCM for short) from beijing Climate center (BCC), china Meteorological Administration (CMA), the Meiyu season characters over the Yangtze-Huaihe region during 1991-2005 are simulated. The major conclusions of this study may be summarized as the following: (1) RegCM can reproduce the interannual variation and the spatial distribution of the summertime precipitation and temperature in the Yangtze-Huaihe region. (2) By use of a generalized Meiyu criterion and in accordance with model-calculated precipitation and temperature, the Meiyu onset and ending date have been determined. Compared with the observation, RegCM can simulate the interannual variation of the Yangtze-Huaihe Meiyu with preferable capability for most of the normal Meiyu years (such as 1995, 1997, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2004), especially for the rich Meiyu years of 1996, 1998 and 1999. (3) In terms of the average simulation for the recent 15 years, the timings of onset and ending of Meiyu occur on June 1 and July 13, respectively, which are earlier than the climatological observation. For duration, Meiyu persists for 32 d, 3 d shorter than the observation. The index of Meiyu intensity is 2.45, while the climatological one is 3.00. Therefore, RegCM is capable of simulating the climatological Meiyu duration and intensity, while the capability of simulating the onset and ending date of Meiyu still needs to be improved.

关键词：梅雨季节模拟计算长江气候观测发病时间强度指数中国气象局空间分布

Electrochemical Performances of Co-B Alloy Powders for Alkaline Secondary Batteries

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Electrochemical Performances of Co-B Alloy Powders for Alkal...

Some characteristics of the atmosphere during an adiabatic process

2006年中国固态离子学暨国际电动汽车动力技术研讨会

作者： Chuan WU Li-wei DONG Feng WU Ting BAI Guo-qing WANG School of Chemical Engineering and the Environment beijing Institute of technology beijing 100081 china national development center for high technology green materials beijing 100081 china

＜正＞Some metal borides showed good catalytic activities on hydrogenation or dehydrogenation reactions for some organic compounds, among which Co-B alloys were found to be efficient for hydrogen generation from sodium borohydride. Recently, it’s reported that ultrafine amorphous alloy powders of Co-B show superior electrochemical activities when used as anodic materials both in aqueous primary batteries and in secondary batteries. The exceptional high capacities of the metal boride alloys are found due to the electrochemical activation of boron atoms in the highly dispersed transition metal atoms, which alleviates the passivation of the transition metal by clamping the electrode potential to a negative region. What’s more, both of the several electrons action of the boride alloys and the special amorphous structure of the nanosized powders ensure the excellent capacity. However, the effect of the structural evolutions of the Co-B alloy powders on the electrochemical activities has not been reported. In this work, Co-B alloy powders were synthesized and tested for possible use as anode materials in alkaline secondary batteries. Amorphous Co-B alloy powders were synthesized by chemical reduction of bivalent cobalt chloride with aqueous sodium borohydride solution. The as-prepared powders were vacuum-dried and treated at various temperatures form SOoC to 700oC for crystallizations. Subsequently, the electrochemical characteristics of these materials as anodes in alkaline aqueous solution were tested and discussed. With increasing heat-treating temperatures, the Co-B alloy powders change form an amorphous phase to a mixture of CoB and metal Co;and finally get a pure metal Co phase. The structural evolutions of Co-B alloy powders have notable effects on their electrochemical performances. The discharging curve of the battery is almost the same as usually observed for the Ni-MH batteries based on conventional hydrogen storage alloys. It was found that the Co-B alloy powder

关键词： Alkaline secondary batteries Co-B alloy powders capacity

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Progress in Natural Science:materials International 2006年第6期16卷 644-648页

作者： GAO Li, LI Jianping and REN Hongli (LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100029, china Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100049, china national Climate center, Laboratory of Climate Studies, china Meteorological Administration, beijing 100081, china) [a]LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [b]Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [c]national Climate center Laboratory of Climatic Studies China Meterological Administration Beijing China

Some important characteristics of the atmosphere during an adiabatic process are investigated, which include the invariability of atmospheric entropy range and local surface potential temperature, the conservation of the atmospheric mass intervened between any isentropic surface and the ground, and the isentropic surface intersecting with the ground. The analysis shows that the atmospheric reference state (ARS) for investigation on available potential energy (APE) should be defined objectively as the state which could be approached from the existing atmosphere by adiabatic adjustment, and be related to initial atmospheric state before adjustment. For the initial atmosphere state at any time, its corresponding ARS is different from the one at another time. Based on the above-mentioned conclusions, the reference state proposed by Lorenz cannot be obtained physically, so a new conception, the conditional minimum total potential energy, is put forward in order to objectively investigate atmospheric APE.

关键词： available potential energy adiabatic isentropic surface atmospheric reference state conditional minimum total potential energy.