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Developmental environment contributes to rapid trait shifts among newly colonized subterranean habitats

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Zoological Research 2023年第4期44卷 808-820页

作者： nathan E.Swanson Andrew G.Gluesenkamp Alexandra E.Donny Suzanne E.McGaugh Department of Fisheries Wildlife and Conservation BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California IrvineIrvineCA 92697-2525USA center for conservation and Research San Antonio ZooSan AntonioTexas 78212USA Ecology Evolutionand BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSaint PaulMN 55108USA Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Recent colonization of extreme environments provides unique opportunities to study the early steps of adaptation and the potential for rapid convergent ***,phenotypic shifts during recent colonization may also be due to plasticity in response to changes in the rearing ***,we analyzed a suite of morphological and behavioral traits in paired surface,subterranean,and facultatively subterranean Mexican tetras(Astyanax mexicanus)from recent introductions in two separate watersheds outside of their native *** found a variety of phenotypic and behavioral shifts between subterranean and surface populations that are similar to those observed in relatively ancient populations in *** this rapid morphological divergence,we found that most of these trait differences were due to plasticity in response to rearing *** most trait assays in common-garden,lab-raised fish indicated that phenotypic shifts in wild fish were the result of plasticity,we also found evidence of genetic control in several traits present in subterranean ***,wall-following behavior,an important subterranean foraging behavior,was greater in lab-born subterranean fish than in lab-born surface fish,suggesting rapid divergence of this trait between subterranean and surface ***,this study sheds light on the early steps of subterranean evolution,identifies potential rapid behavioral evolution,and suggests that plasticity in traits involving exploratory behavior may facilitate subterranean colonization.

关键词： Plasticity Adaptation Subterranean cavefish Evolution common garden

nvestigating the role of exiting vehicles and turn indicator usage in gap acceptance at single-lane roundabouts

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Frontiers of Structural and civil Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 8-16页

作者： nathan P. BELZ civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alaska - Fairbanks Fairbanks AK 99775-5960 USA

Roundabouts are becoming a preferred form of intersection control type due to their safety and capacity benefits. Yield control at roundabout entries inherently reduces fuel consumption and emissions when compared to other conventional intersection types. However, these benefits can be limited by poor driver behavior and judgment when entering the roundabout. This research addresses the nature of gap distributions and use of turn indicators by exiting vehicles at three single-lane roundabouts in Vermont, New York, and Alaska. Presented here is a comparison of vehicle headways measured at two different locations in each roundabout. Rejected headways are analyzed in the context of priority abstaining events when entering drivers yield to vehicles exiting on the same leg of the roundabout suggesting that ＂true＂ critical gaps are being overestimated. Results indicate that exiting vehicles, particularly those that do not use their turn indicators when departing from the major-stream of traffic have an influence on the entry decision of drivers on the same approach. This behavior is of particular concern for intersection efficiency （i.e., delay） and sustainability （i.e., excess fuel consumption and emissions）. Results prompt the consideration of more consistent guidance on and enforcement of turn indicator use during roundabout negotiations.

关键词： roundabouts exiting vehicles turn indicator use headways

A U.S.‒china coal power transition and the global 1.5℃ pathway

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Advances in climate change Research 2022年第2期13卷 179-186页

作者： Ryna Yiyun cUI nathan HULTMAN Di-Yang cUI Haewon McJEON Leon cLARKE Jia-Hai YUAN Wen-Jia cAI center for Global Sustainability School of Public PolicyUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA Joint Global change Research Institute Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryCollege ParkMD20740USA School of Economics and Management North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing102206China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

As the world seeks to increase ambition rapidly to limit global warming to 1.5℃,joint leadership from the world's largest greenhouse gas(GHG)emitters-the United States(U.S.)and china-will be critical to deliver significant emissions reductions from their own countries as well as to catalyze increased international *** a period of uncertainty in international climate policy,these countries now both have current leadership that supports ambitious climate *** this context,a feasible,high-impact,and potentially globally catalytic agreement by the *** china to transition away from coal to clean energy would be a major contribution toward this global *** undertake a plant-by-plant assessment in the power sector to identify practical coal retirement pathways for each country that are in line with national priorities and the global 1.5℃ *** plant-by-plant analysis shows that the 1.5℃-compatible pathways may result in an average retirement age of 47 years for the *** plants and 22 years for chinese coal plants,raising important questions of how to compare broader economic,employment,and social *** also demonstrate that such pathways would also lead to significant emissions reductions,lowering overall global energy-related cO_(2) emissions by about 9%in 2030 relative to 2020.A catalytic effect from the possibility of other countries taking compatible actions is estimated to reduce global emissions by 5.1 Gt cO_(2) in 2030 and by 10.1 Gt cO_(2) in 2045.

关键词： U.S.‒china coal power transition climate mitigation Paris agreement Integrated assessment modeling

Light Harvesting Antenna Properties of Framework Solids

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Accounts of Materials Research 2022年第11期3卷 1149-1159页

作者： Boris V.Kramar nathan c.Flanders Waleed Helweh William R.Dichtel Joseph T.Hupp Lin X.chen Department of chemistry Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois 60208United States Institute for Integrated cell-Material Sciences Kyoto University Institute for Advanced StudyKyoto UniversitySakyo-kuKyoto 606-8501Japan chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryArgonneIllinois 60439United States

cONSPEcTUS:Energy transport within organic solids typically takes place via the movement of localized excitation or excitons,i.e.,tightly bound electron−hole *** diffusion dynamics are crucial to applications like solar fuels production through photocatalysis and organic *** organic frameworks(cOFs)and metal−organic frameworks(MOFs)are classes of framework solids that integrate ordered assemblies of *** materials possess properties desirable for the aforementioned applications.

关键词： solids typically mentioned

Pregnant Women with Severe Factor VII Deficiency Undergoing cesarean Section Managed with a Short-Term Regimen of Recombinant Factor VIIa

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Maternal-Fetal Medicine 2023年第3期5卷 195-198页

作者： nathan Obore Wan Jin Qian Huiqin Qian Wei Hu Yan Yu Hong Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Zhongda HospitalSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China Guidance center of Jiangsu Maternal critical care Nanjing 210009China

To editor:Factor VII(FVII)is a determining factor in activating the exogenous coagulation pathway;F7 gene mutation decreases the FVII number or *** VII deficiency(FVIID)is characterized by an isolated prolongation of the prothrombin time(PT)with a normal activated partial thromboplastin time(aPTT).Factor assay and genotyping for FVII can be done to confirm the diagnosis.1,2 Patients may present with menorrhagia,and bleeding tendencies may vary from slight gingival bleeding,epistaxis,and ecchymosis,to severe bleeding,such as gastrointestinal and intracranial bleeding.

关键词： Factor VII deficiency Recombinant factor VIIa Prophylaxis Pregnancy

The skeletal muscle fiber periphery:A nexus of mTOR-related anabolism

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运动医学与健康科学(英文) 2023年第1期5卷 10-19页

作者： cassidy T.Tinline-Goodfellow Matthew J.Lees nathan Hodson Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education University of TorontoCanada Institute of Sport Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUnited Kingdom Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUnited Kingdom

Skeletal muscle anabolism is driven by numerous stimuli such as growth factors,nutrients(i.e.,amino acids,glucose),and mechanical *** stimuli are integrated by the mechanistic target of rapamycin(mTOR)complex 1(mTORc1)signal transduction *** recent years,work from our laboratory and elsewhere has sought to unravel the molecular mechanisms underpinning the mTOR-related activation of muscle protein synthesis(MPS),as well as the spatial regulation of these mechanisms within the skeletal muscle *** studies have suggested that the skeletal muscle fiber periphery is a region of central importance in anabolism(i.e.,growth/MPS).Indeed,the fiber periphery is replete with the substrates,molecular machinery,and translational apparatus necessary to facilitate *** review provides a summary of the mechanisms underpinning the mTOR-associated activation of MPS from cell,rodent,and human *** also presents an overview of the spatial regulation of mTORc1 in response to anabolic stimuli and outlines the factors that distinguish the periphery of the cell as a highly notable region of skeletal muscle for the induction of *** research should seek to further explore the nutrient-induced activation of mTORc1 at the periphery of skeletal muscle fibers.

关键词： Skeletal muscle mTOR Periphery Muscle protein synthesis Hypertrophy Translation

The 100 top-cited articles on childhood obesity: a bibliometric analysis

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Global Health Journal 2022年第3期6卷 136-148页

作者： Joseph Kawuki Taha Hussein Musa Upama Ghimire nathan Obore Shireen Salome Papabathini centre for Health Behaviours Research Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary CareFaculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong999077China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine EngineeringSchool of Public HealthSoutheast UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210096China Biomedical Research Institute Darfur CollegeNyalaSouth Darfur 63313Sudan

Background:childhood obesity(cHO)is a serious global health challenge affecting both developed and developing *** feats attained in addressing this global health challenge can be reflected through the top-cited *** study’s aim was to analyze the features of the 100 top-cited articles concerning ***:We used a bibliometric analysis,and searched for relevant articles from the Web of Science(December 1,2021),using an appropriate keyword search-strategy((child OR childhood OR children OR adolescent)AND(obese OR obesity OR overweight)).The retrieved documents were analysed based on the citation number,publication year,authorship,institution,journal and *** analyses were performed mainly by the Bibliometrix application(using R-studio cloud)and ***:The 100 top-cited articles were published between 1976 and 2018,their citations ranged from 365 to 10789,with a mean citation of 1146.2 and 31 studies had more than 1000 *** articles were published in 31 journals,with the“Pediatrics”journal having the most publications(n=18).The studies were from 12 countries,with the most-productive being the USA(n=68),followed by the United Kingdom(n=12)and France(n=3).The leading institution was the University of Bristol(n=8),while Dietz WH(n=12),and Flegal KM(n=8)were the most productive *** most common research fields covered by these articles were;“General Internal Medicine”(n=34),“Pediatrics”(n=29),and“Nutrition Dietetics”(n=18).The study noted significant correlations between the total article citation and the number of authors(R=0.203),countries involved(R=0.407),institutions(R=0.407),and the publication year(R=0.847),all with Pcited articles,this analysis provides discernment into the historical advancements,including the prime roles performed by various stakeholders in addressing the issue of ***,Asian countries’contribution is not adequately reflected in these articles,and thus

关键词： childhood obesity Bibliometric analysis 100 top-cited citation classics

Spectral square moments of a resonance sum for Maass forms

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Frontiers of Mathematics in china 2017年第5期12卷 1183-1200页

作者： nathan SALAZAR Yangbo YE Department of Mathematics The University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa 52242-1419 USA

Let f be a Maass cusp form for Г0（N） with Fourier coefficients 1 k2. λf（n） and Laplace eigenvalue 1/4 ＋k2 For real α≠0 and β 〉 0, consider the sum Sx（f; α,β） = ∑n λf（n）e（αnβ）φ（n/X）, where φ is a smooth function of compact support. We prove bounds for the second spectral moment of Sx （f;α, β）, with the eigenvalue tending towards infinity. When the eigenvalue is sufficiently large, we obtain an average bound for this sum in terms of X. This implies that if f has its eigenvalue beyond X1/2＋ε, the standard resonance main term for Sx（f; ±2√q 1/2）, q ∈Z＋, cannot appear in general. The method is adopted from proofs of subconvexity bounds for Rankin-Selberg L-functions for GL（2） × GL（2）. It contains in particular a proof of an asymptotic expansion of a well-known oscillatory integral with an enlarged range of Kε≤ L≤ K1-ε. The same bounds can be proved in a similar way for holomorphie cusp forms.

关键词： cusp form Maass form Fourier coefficient of cusp form Kuznetsovtrace formula resonance sum first derivative test weighted stationary phase

A narrative review of ocular surface disease considerations in the management of glaucoma

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Annals of Eye Science 2023年第3期8卷 33-40页

作者： nathan J.Arboleda Wen-Jeng(Melissa)Yao Alex Theventhiran Gene Kim Department of Ophthalmology&Visual Sciences Albert Einstein College of MedicineMontefiore Medical CenterGreene Medical Arts Pavilion-Henkind InstituteBronxNYUSA

s from those searches were screened for relevance to our review *** were included if the subjects included glaucoma patients,and if ocular surface outcomes were ***-English papers were *** content and Findings:Topical glaucoma medications frequently cause adverse effects on the ocular surface,both through direct action of the medications themselves as well as through toxicity from their associated *** of the ocular surface may improve medication compliance *** surgical treatments for glaucoma,such as trabeculectomy,can exacerbate OSD by disrupting the ocular surface but can also reduce the need for chronic *** of ocular surface health is imperative in reducing trabeculectomy complication rates,while also potentially reducing the need for trabeculectomy in patients that are able to achieve intraocular pressure control through improved drop *** introduction of MIGS represents a promising alternative to existing therapies and has been shown to alleviate the overall medication *** would be reasonable to assume that decreasing the medication burden could reduce OSD prevalence and ***,more research is needed to directly assess the extent of improvement seen after ***:A comprehensive understanding of the importance of OSD in medical and surgical management of glaucoma is essential in optimizing patient care and improving outcomes.

关键词： Glaucoma ocular surface disease(OSD) dry eye minimally invasive glaucoma surgery(MIGS) trabeculectomy