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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 514-521页

作者： nathan B.w.Chimbatata Chang-Ming Zhou Chikondi M.Chimbatata Biao Xu School of Public Health Fudan University138 Yi Xue Yuan RoadXuhui DistrictShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety(Ministry of Education) ShanghaiChina Mzuzu University MzuzuMalawi Mzuzu Central Hospital MzuzuMalawi Department of Public Health Sciences(Global Health/IHCAR) Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden

Background:Malawi is a low-income country with high Tuberculosis(TB)*** diagnosis delay and untimely initiation of treatment is still a major problem in Malawi which could increase the risk of tuberculosis transmission in the *** study investigated factors related to the diagnostic delay of tuberculosis from TB healthcare providers in the northern region of ***:Nine focus group discussions were conducted with 57 participants in *** participants were healthcare cadres including district TB officers,clinical officers,TB nurses,laboratory technicians and Health Surveillance Assistants(HSAs).NVivo(11.0)software was used for data ***:The factors related to diagnostic delay were categorized into three themes:client factors,institutional factors and healthcare provider related ***’s stigma and fear for HIV test,resource shortage within healthcare institutions and the healthcare workers’poor attitude against potential patients were among the most influential factors behind the TB diagnostic ***:The TB control strategies should aim to reduce HIV stigma,improve resource supply and improve TB healthcare workers’morale in order to achieve timely TB diagnosis.

关键词： Tuberculosis Diagnosis delay HIV stigma Healthcare provider Malawi

Complex multimorbidity and health outcomes in older adult cancer survivors

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第2期5卷 129-138页

作者： David F.warner Nicholas K.Schiltz Kurt C.Stange Charles w.Given Cynthia Owusu nathan A.Berger Siran M.Koroukian Department of Sociology 711 Oldfather HallUniversity of Nebraska-Lincoln1400 R St.LincolnNE 68588USA Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of MedicineWood BuildingCase Western Reserve University10900 Euclid Ave.ClevelandOH 44106USA Department of Family Medicine and Community Health Bolwell BuildingSchool of MedicineCase Western Reserve University11000 Euclid Ave.ClevelandOH 44106USA Department of Family Medicine Clinical CenterMichigan State University788 Service Rd.East LansingMI 48824USA Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineSchool of MedicineWolstein BuildingCase Western Reserve University10900 Euclid Ave.ClevelandOH 44106USA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center Wearn BuildingCase Western Reserve University11100 Euclid Ave.ClevelandOH 44106USA

Objective:To characterize complex multimorbidity among cancer survivors and evaluate the association between cancer survivorship,time since cancer diagnosis,and self-reported fair/poor health,self-rated worse health in 2 years,and 2-year ***:we used the 2010-2012 Health and Retirement *** survivors were indi-viduals who reported a(nonskin)cancer diagnosis 2 years or more before the *** defined complex multimorbidity as the co-occurrence of chronic conditions,functional limitations,and/or geriatric *** addition to descriptive analyses,we used logistic regression to evaluate the independent association between cancer survivor status and health *** also examined whether cancer survivorship differed by the number of years since ***:Among 15,808 older adults(age≥50 years),11.8%were cancer *** with cancer-free individuals,a greater percentage of cancer survivors had complex multimorbidity:co-occurring chronic conditions,functional limitations,and geriatric *** survivor-ship was significantly associated with self-reported fair/poor health,self-rated worse health in 2 years,and 2-year *** effects declined with the number of years since diagnosis for fair/poor health and mortality but not for self-rated worse ***:Cancer survivor status is independently associated with more complex multi-morbidity,and with worse health *** effects attenuate with time,except for patient perception of being in worse health.

关键词： Comorbidity functional limitations geriatric syndromes multimorbidity health status health decline mortality,cancer survivorship

The Efficacy of Psychosocial Interventions for Adults in Contexts of Ongoing Man-Made Violence—A Systematic Review

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Health 2014年第6期6卷 504-516页

作者： Kaz de Jong Jeroen w. Knipscheer nathan Ford Rolf J. Kleber Department of Clinical and Health Psychology Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands Médecins sans Frontières Doctors without Borders (Amsterdam Office) Amsterdam The Netherlands Médecins sans Frontières Doctors without Borders (International Office) Geneva Switzerland

Compared to psychosocial programs implemented in post-conflict settings those executed in areas of ongoing conflicts may have different effects. Their evidence of efficacy has never been systematically reviewed. we searched PubMed, PsychInfo and the Dutch Tropical Institute Literature Portal from inception to31 January 2013 to identify studies on community-oriented psychosocial and psychiatric/clinical services for adults during ongoing manmade conflict or its direct aftermath. Of 6358 articles screened, 16 met our inclusion criteria. The interventions varied from psycho-educational to psychotropic drugs. The review is presented using outcome indicators such as PTSD, anxiety, depression, physical health, functioning and well being. A substantial improvement of some outcome was found though the small number of studies and their heterogeneity did not justify strong conclusions. PTSD symptoms improved significantly by treatments that included exposure (such as narrative exposure therapy). A number of studies (eight) showed notable improvement of the client’s functioning through counseling interventions. Depression and anxiety both improved considerably using that culturally adapted interventions (two studies), whereas non-culturalized interventions did not. we found a notable lack of studies on the efficacy of medication and on preferred western, evidence-based interventions for PTSD such Eye Movement Desensitization. To measure outcomes only two studies applied locally-developed diagnostic labels and validated instruments. Future research should encourage the use of robust research methods that are culturally valid, including mixed-methods research to combine measurable outputs with qualitative research aimed at improved understanding from the client’s perspective.

关键词： Psychosocial Mental Health Programmes Systematic Review Conflict Post-Conflict war Violence PTSD

Digital plasmonic holography

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 572-582页

作者： Joseph w.Nelson Greta R.Knefelkamp Alexandre G.Brolo nathan C.Lindquist Department of Physics and Engineering Bethel University3900 Bethel DriveSt PaulMN 55112USA Department of Chemistry University of Victoria3800 Finnerty RoadVictoriaBC V8P 5C2Canada Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies(CAMTEC) University of Victoria3800 Finnerty RoadVictoriaBC V8P 5C2Canada

we demonstrate digital plasmonic holography for direct in-plane imaging with propagating surface-plasmon *** with surface plasmons suffers from the lack of simple in-plane lenses and ***-less digital holography techniques,however,rely on digitally decoding an interference pattern between a reference wave and an object *** far-field diffractive optics,this decoding scheme provides a full recording,i.e.,a hologram,of the amplitude and phase of the object wave,giving three-dimensional information from a two-dimensional *** plasmonics,only a one-dimensional recording is needed,and both the phase and amplitude of the propagating plasmons can be extracted for high-resolution in-plane ***,we demonstrate lens-less,point-source digital plasmonic holography using two methods to record the plasmonic holograms:a dual-probe near-field scanning optical microscope and lithographically defined circular fluorescent *** point-source geometry gives in-plane magnification,allowing for high-resolution imaging with relatively lower-resolution microscope *** results pave the way for a new form of in-plane plasmonic imaging,gathering the full complex wave,without the need for plasmonic mirrors or lenses.

关键词： plasmon recording plane

Adult bobcat(Lynx rufus)habitat selection in a longleaf pine savanna

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 206-217页

作者： Andrew R.Little L.Mike Conner Michael J.Chamberlain nathan P.Nibbelink Robert J.warren warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia180 E.Green StAthensGA 30602USA Joseph w.Jones Ecological Research Center at Ichauway NewtonGeorgia 39870USA

Background:Pine savannas are primarily managed with frequent prescribed fire(≤3 years)to promote diversity of flora and fauna,and to maintain open,park-like conditions needed by species such as the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker(Picoides borealis).However,a knowledge gap exists in our understanding of bobcat(Lynx rufus)habitat selection in longleaf pine savannas and research is warranted to direct our future management ***:we examined bobcat habitat selection in a pine savanna managed with frequent fires at two spatial scales(i.e.,study area boundary[hereafter,landscape scale])and annual area of use[95%kernel density;local scale],and assessed effects of prescribed fire on bobcat habitat ***,we monitored 45 bobcats(16 males and 29 females)during 2001–***:we found differential habitat selection by *** the landscape scale,female bobcats were closer to mixed pine-hardwoods,young pine,and secondary roads,but farther from mature pine and hardwoods stands relative to *** found no difference in selection of agriculture,shrub-scrub,and primary roads between *** the annual area of use scale,female bobcats were closer to secondary roads,but farther from agriculture and shrub-scrub relative to *** found no difference in selection of mature pine,mixed pine-hardwoods,hardwoods,young pine,and primary roads between *** primarily selected for stands burned≤1.1 years ***:Our results show that bobcats exploit a broad range of habitat types in pine landscapes managed with frequent fire and commonly use recently burned stands(≤1.1 year post-fire),suggesting prey in many areas of this system are at risk of bobcat ***,we suggest land managers consider scale of selection by bobcats when developing habitat management strategies.

关键词： Georgia Habitat selection Lynx rufus Pinus palustris Prescribed fire

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关于痛觉闸门控制学说的最新评述(摘要)

辽宁医学杂志 1977年第3期 36-38页

作者： P.w.nathan 沈阳医学院针麻研究组

在针麻原理的研究中,国外很多人倾向于用Melzack与wall二氏在1965年提出的“闸门控制学说”来阐释针刺镇痛机制。在国内,这一学说亦引起普遍的注意。那么,这个学说是怎样提出来的?它有哪些事实依据?又有哪些不足?自从这一学说提出后的... 详细信息

在针麻原理的研究中,国外很多人倾向于用Melzack与wall二氏在1965年提出的“闸门控制学说”来阐释针刺镇痛机制。在国内,这一学说亦引起普遍的注意。那么,这个学说是怎样提出来的?它有哪些事实依据?又有哪些不足?自从这一学说提出后的十余年来,又有了哪些发展与改变?本文对这些问题都作了比较全面、系统的评述,对于我们从正、反两个方面去认识这个学说有一定帮助。本着毛主席关于对外国的东西要“有分析、有批判地学”的教导,特将此文摘译,以供参考。为了阅读方便,部分段落顺序有所变动。由于水平所限,译文中错误与不妥之处在所难免,尚希读者指正。

关键词：闸门控制学说痛觉表皮感觉外周神经纤维脊髓后角闸门学说

Eastern wild turkey nest site selection in two frequently burned pine savannas

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Ecological Processes 2016年第1期5卷 38-47页

作者： Andrew R.Little nathan P.Nibbelink Michael J.Chamberlain LMike Conner Robert J.warren warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources University of Georgia180 E.Green St.AthensGA 30602USA Joseph w.Jones Ecological Research Center at Ichauway NewtonGeorgia 39870USA

Introduction:Reproductive success is a critical factor affecting avian demographics and can be influenced by many factors including nesting chronology,predation risk,and fine-scale nest site ***:we modeled the relative influences of habitat-related covariates at six spatial scales(nest site:15-,40-,80-,120-,160-,and 200-m radii)on Eastern wild turkey(Meleagris gallopavo silvestris)nest site selection in two pine savannas managed by frequent prescribed fire(≤3 years)in southwestern Georgia during ***:Nest site(15-m scale)habitat metrics(mean visual obstruction[cm]and canopy closure[%])had the greatest influence on nest site selection relative to covariates measured at larger spatial *** odds ratios suggested that nests were 26.8% more likely to occur for every 10 cm increase in mean vegetation height with a range of 7.5 to 150.0 cm and 18.5% less likely to occur for every 10% increase in canopy closure with a range from 0.0 to 97.8%.Total ground cover,canopy closure,edge density,and percent land cover type(e.g.,mature pine,mixed pine/hardwood,shrub/scrub)had minimal influence on nest site ***:Management of pine savannas for turkey nest sites should focus on creating early-successional vegetation to conceal nests from potential ***,we suggest that future studies consider evaluating the influence of spatial scale on turkey nest site selection.

关键词： Georgia Land cover Meleagris gallopavo silvestris Multi-scale Nest site selection Pinus palustris Radio-telemetry

The AFB1 auxin receptor controls the cytoplasmic auxin response pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Molecular Plant 2023年第7期16卷 1120-1130页

作者： Shiv Mani Dubey Soeun Han nathan Stutzman Michael J.Prigge Eva Medvecka Matthieu Pierre Platre wolfgang Busch Matyas Fendrych Mark Estelle Department of Experimental Plant Biology Faculty of SciencesCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Section of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory and Integrative Biology Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological StudiesLa JollaCAUSA Department of Biology Chungbuk National UniversityCheongjuKorea

The phytohormone auxin triggers root growth inhibition within seconds via a *** members of the TIR1/AFB auxin receptor family,AFB1 has a primary role in this rapidresponse. However, the unique features that confer this specific function have not been *** we show that the N-terminal region of AFB1, including the F-box domain and residues thatcontribute to auxin binding,is essential and sufficient for its specific role in the rapid response. Substitutionof the N-terminal region of AFB1 with that of TIR1 disrupts its distinct cytoplasm-enriched localizationand activity in rapid root growth inhibition by auxin. Importantly, the N-terminal region of AFB1 isindispensable for auxin-triggered calcium influx, which is a prerequisite for rapid root growth ***, AFB1 negatively regulates lateral root formation and transcription of auxin-induced genes,suggesting that it plays an inhibitory role in canonical auxin signaling. These results suggest that AFB1may buffer the transcriptional auxin response, whereas it regulates rapid changes in cell growth thatcontributeto rootgravitropism.

关键词： gravitropism calcium auxin signaling Arabidopsis lateral root

Transforming growth factor-β and toll-like receptor-4 polymorphisms are not associated with fibrosis in haemochromatosis

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world Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第48期19卷 9366-9376页

作者： Marnie J wood Lawrie w Powell Jeannette L Dixon V nathan Subramaniam Grant A Ramm Hepatic Fibrosis Group QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane 4006Australia Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4006 Australia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Brisbane and Women’s HospitalBrisbane 4029 Australia Centre for the Advancement of Clinical Research Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital and the University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research Brisbane 4029 Australia Iron Metabolism Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane 4006 Australia Membrane Transport Laboratory QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane 4006 Australia

AIM:To investigate the role of genetic polymorphisms in the progression of hepatic fibrosis in hereditary ***:A cohort of 245 well-characterised C282Y homozygous patients with haemochromatosis was studied,with all subjects having liver biopsy data and DNA available for *** study assessed the association of eight single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in a total of six genes including toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β),oxoguanine DNA glycosylase,monocyte chemoattractant protein 1,chemokine C-C motif receptor 2 and interleukin-10 with liver disease *** was performed using high resolution melt analysis and *** results were analysed in relation to the stage of hepatic fibrosis in multivariate analysis incorporating other cofactors including alcohol consumption and hepatic iron ***:There were significant associations between the cofactors of male gender(P=0.0001),increasing age(P=0.006),alcohol consumption(P=0.0001),steatosis(P=0.03),hepatic iron concentration(Pwed a significant association with hepatic fibrosis in univariate or multivariate analysis incorporating *** also specifically studied patients with hepatic iron loading above threshold levels for cirrhosis and compared the genetic polymorphisms between those with no fibrosis vs cirrhosis however there was no significant effect from any of the candidate genes ***,in this large,well characterised cohort of patients there was no association between SNPs for TGF-βor TLR4and the presence of fibrosis,cirrhosis or increasing fibrosis stage in multivariate ***:In our large,well characterised group of haemochromatosis subjects we did not demonstrate any relationship between candidate gene polymorphisms and hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis.

关键词： Haemochromatosis Genetic polymorphism Liver fibrosis Toll-like receptor 4 Interleukin 10 Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 Chemokine(C-C motif) ligand 2 Transforming growth factor beta 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase

Recent Progress of Heterogeneous Integration for Semiconductor Materials and Microsystems

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Recent Progress of Heterogeneous Integration for Semiconduct...