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Taurine protects against retinal and optic nerve damage induced by endothelin-1 in rats via antioxidant effects

Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第11期13卷 2014-2021页

作者： natasha najwa nor arfuzir Renu Agarwal Igor Iezhitsa Puneet Agarwal Sabrilhakim Sidek Nafeeza Mohd Ismail Center for Neuroscience Research Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Campus Volgograd State Medical University Research Institute of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine International Medical UniversityIMU Clinical School

Endothelin-1（ET-1）, a potent vasoconstrictor, is involved in retinal vascular dysregulation and oxidative stress in glaucomatous eyes. Taurine（TAU）, a naturally occurring free amino acid, is known for its neuroprotective and antioxidant properties. Hence, we evaluated its neuroprotective properties against ET-1 induced retinal and optic nerve damage. ET-1 was administered intravitreally to Sprague-Dawley rats and TAU was injected as pre-, co-or post-treatment. Animals were euthanized seven days post TAU injection. Retinae and optic nerve were examined for morphology, and were also processed for caspase-3 immunostaining. Retinal redox status was estimated by measuring retinal superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde levels using enzyme-linked immuosorbent assay. Histopathological examination showed significantly improved retinal and optic nerve morphology in TAU-treated groups. Morphometric examination showed that TAU pre-treatment provided marked protection against ET-1 induced damage to retina and optic nerve. In accordance with the morphological observations, immunostaining for caspase showed a significantly lesser number of apoptotic retinal cells in the TAU pre-treatment group. The retinal oxidative stress was reduced in all TAU-treated groups, and particularly in the pre-treatment group. The findings suggest that treatment with TAU, particularly pre-treatment, prevents apoptosis of retinal cells induced by ET-1 and hence prevents the changes in the morphology of retina and optic nerve. The protective effect of TAU against ET-1 induced retinal and optic nerve damage is associated with reduced retinal oxidative stress.

关键词： endothelin-1 retina optic nerve taurine oxidative stress

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Strain Sensor Based on Embedded Fiber Bragg Grating in Thermoplastic Polyurethane Using the 3D Printing Technology for Improved Sensitivity

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Photonic Sensors 2022年第3期12卷 68-78页

作者： Harith AHMAD Mohamad Ashraff ALIAS Mohammad Faizal ISMAIL nor najwa ISMAIL Muhammad Khairol Annuar ZAINI Kok Sing LIM Gilberto BRAMBILLA Kenneth T.V.GRATTAN B.MAzizur RAHMAN Photonics Research Centre University of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur 50603Malaysia Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK School of Mathematics Computer Science and EngineeringCity University of LondonLondon EC1V 0HBUK

A new and easy-to-fabricate strain sensor has been developed,based on fiber Bragg grating(FBG)technology embedded into a thermoplastic polyurethane filament using a 3-dimensional(3D)*** advantage of the flexibility and elastic properties of the thermoplastic polyurethane material,the embedding of the FBG provides durable protection with enhanced flexibility and sensitivity,as compared to the use of a bare *** of an evaluation of its performance have shown that the FBG sensors embedded in this way can be applied effectively in the measurement of strain,with an average wavelength responsivity of 0.0135 nm/cm of displacement for tensile strain and -0.0142 nm/cm for compressive strain,both showing a linearity value of up to 99%.Furthermore,such an embedded FBG-based strain sensor has a sensitivity of~1.74 times greater than that of a bare FBG used for strain measurement and is well protected and suitable for in-the-field *** is also observed that the thermoplastic polyurethane based(TPU-based)FBG strain sensor carries a sensitivity value of~2.05 times higher than that of the polylactic acid based(PLA-based)FBG strain sensor proving that TPU material can be made as the material of choice as a“sensing”pad for the FBG.

关键词： Fiber-optic sensors fiber Bragg grating 3D printing technology multiple-point strain measurement

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