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Performance effects of feed-borne Fusarium mycotoxins on broiler chickens: Influences of timing and duration of exposure

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Animal Nutrition 2019年第1期5卷 32-40页

作者： Anhao Wang natacha s.hogan Department of Animal and Poultry science College of Agriculture and Bioresources University of Saskatchewan Toxicology Centre University of Saskatchewan

In commercial practice, broiler chickens may be exposed to Fusarium mycotoxins either during specific growth stages or throughout the entire production cycle. A 34-day feeding trial was conducted to identify sensitive periods for mycotoxin effects during the growth cycle of broiler chickens. A total of 420 newly-hatched Ross 308 male broilers were randomly assigned to 60 cages with 7 birds/cage. sources of clean wheat(sarium-contaminated wheat(11.4 mg/kg DON)were used to formulate the starter diets(0.41 and 6.62 mg/kg DON) provided from 1 to 21 d of age and the grower diets(0.54 and 7.90 mg/kg DON) provided from 22 to 34 d. Control and DON diets were provided to broilers according to treatments(control, DON 1 to 14 d, DON 15 to 21 d, DON 22 to 34 d and DON 1 to 34 d). Birds were monitored daily for morbidity or mortality. Broiler growth performance(body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio) was measured *** of duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected at 21 and 34 d and morphometric parameters(villus height, crypt depth, villus width, muscularis thickness and villi:crypt ratio) were measured. Birds fed the DON starter diet during the first 14 d did not exhibit any changes in growth performance;however, growth performance was suppressed in birds fed DON-contaminated diets during the grower period(22 to 34 d). At 34 d, birds that received the DON grower diet(DON 22 to 34 d and DON 1 to 34 d)were lighter(1,433 vs. 1,695 g) than birds fed the control diet. Feed to gain ratio was higher in birds fed the DON grower diet from 22 to 28 d(1.77 vs. 1.56) and 28 to 34 d(2.24 vs. 1.85) compared with corresponding controls. These results suggest that providing older broiler chicks(22 to 34 d) feed contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins(specifically DON) may result in production losses. Histopathological analysis of the ileum region revealed that birds provided the DON diets throughout the

关键词： Deoxynivalenol Chicken sensitive period Feed contamination Intestine

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Generalized Hopf Bifurcation in a Delay Model of Neutrophil Cells Model

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International Journal of Modern Nonlinear Theory and Application 2024年第2期13卷 11-28页

作者： suqi Ma s. J. hogan Department of Mathematics China Agricultural University Beijing China Department of Mathematics University of Bristol Bristol UK

The DDE-Biftool software is applied to solve the dynamical stability and bifurcation problem of the neutrophil cells model. Based on Hopf point finding with the stability property of the equilibrium solution loss, the continuation of the bifurcating periodical solution starting from Hopf point is exploited. The generalized Hopf point is tracked by seeking for the critical value of free parameter of the switching phenomena of the open loop, which describes the lineup of bifurcating periodical solutions from Hopf point. The normal form near the generalized Hopf point is computed by Lyapunov-schimdt reduction scheme combined with the center manifold analytical technique. The near dynamics is classified by geometrically different topological phase portraits.

关键词： Generalized Hopf Bifurcation DDE-Biftool software Norm Form

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Characterisation of the Bacteria and Archaea Community Associated with Wild Oysters, At Three Possible Restoration sites in the North sea

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Open Journal of Marine science 2024年第2期14卷 19-40页

作者： natacha M. s. Juste-Poinapen Yang Lu Blanca Bolaños De Hoyos George C. Birch Camille saurel Oyster Heaven Rotterdam Netherlands Nucleus Rotterdam Netherlands Microbial Ecology and Wastewater Microbiology Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia National Institute of Aquatic Resources Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark

With 85% of the global oyster reefs destroyed, there is an urgent need for large scale restoration to benefit from the ecosystem services provided by biogenic oyster reefs and their associated biodiversity, including microorganisms that drive marine biogeochemical cycles. This experiment established a baseline for the monitoring of the bacterial and archaeal community associated with wild oysters, using samples from their immediate environment of the Voordelta, with cohabiting Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis, Duikplaats with only C. gigas attached to rocks, and the Dansk skaldyrcentre, with no onsite oysters. The microbial profiling was carried out through DNA analysis of samples collected from the surfaces of oyster shells and their substrate, the sediment and seawater. Following 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics, alpha indices implied high species abundance and diversity in sediment but low abundance in seawater. As expected, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Thaumarchaeota dominated the top 20 OTUs. In the Voordelta, OTUs related to Colwellia, shewanella and Psychrobium differentiated the oysters collected from a reef with those attached to rocks. Duikplaats were distinct for sulfur-oxidizers sulfurimonas and sulfate-reducers from the sva 0081 sediment group. Archaea were found mainly in sediments and the oyster associated microbiome, with greater abundance at the reef site, consisting mostly of Thaumarchaeota from the family Nitrosopumilaceae. The oyster free site displayed archaea in sediments only, and algal bloom indicator microorganisms from the Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae family and genus [Polaribacter] huanghezhanensis, in addition to the ascidian symbiotic partner, synechococcus. This study suggests site specific microbiome shifts, influenced by the presence of oysters and the type of substrate.

关键词： Oyster Reefs Microbiome Marine Bacteria Marine Archaea Restoration

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Traditional Use of Medicinal Plants Confirmed by the Baka in southern and Eastern Cameroon

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第8期12卷 76-106页

作者： natacha Nana Afiong Pascal Billong Fils Karelle Kouetchua Guekam Eloge Kambale Muhesi Eva Avila Martin Guillermo Ros Brull Julia E. Fa stephan Michael Funk Evariste Fongnzossie Fedoung Jean Lagarde Betti Department of Biology and Physiology of Plant Organisms University of Douala Douala Cameroon Zerca y lejos ONGD Madrid Spain Department of Natural sciences School of Science and the Environment Manchester Metropolitan University Manchester UK Center for International Forestry Research (CIFOR) CIFOR Headquarters Bogor Indonesia Nature Heritage Jersey Channel Islands Manchester UK Laboratory of Forest Resources and Wood Valorization Training Unit in Engineering Sciences Post Graduate School of Fundamental and Applied Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroun Department of Wood sciences Higher Institute of Agriculture Wood Water resources and Environment University of Ber-toua Bertoua Cameroon

The limitations of biomedecine to provide effective solutions to certain pandemics has led many people to turn to alternative therapies. These palliative solutions, particularly phytomedecines, are much sought after for disease prevention and treatment. The Baka, a group of forest-dwelling people, hold knowledge on how wild plants can be effective in treating many illnesses. However, the greatest challenge for the identification of traditional medicines depends on the veracity of the information provided during ethnobotanic surveys by user populations. The present study describes forest plants used by the Baka and confirmed by them as being employed for traditional medicine. We carried out ethnobotanical surveys between 2019 and 2021 in 221 households within four districts of the Eastern and southern Region of Cameroon. We used indices of significant use and performance applied to all mentioned species, alongside searches in the literature. The statistical tools used to distinguish the different groups/districts is Pearson’s X2 test. A total of 378 plant species were identified of 270 genera and 85 families. Ethnobotanical indices allowed to identify the most confirmed and efficient plants for several health problems. A pairwise comparison of these indices showed a significant correlation with a p-value ssimilarity distance less than 0.5. some plants selected are widely cited in other regions and/or countries for the same health problems. The presence of active molecules responsible for their biological activity was also proven, justifying their use in traditional medicine. This paper examines the potential to enhance the value of Cameroon’s pharmacopeia by integrating various ethnobotanical indices. It aims to discover new therapeutic molecules and develop improved traditional products from the diverse plant species documented. The findings indicate opportunities to advance both local and global healthcare solutions.

关键词： Confirmed Plants Import-substitution Improved Traditional Medicine (ITM) sustainable Development Goals Therapeutic Molecules

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Osteoarticular Lesions of the shoulder Girdle by Hippopotamus Bite: Highly septic Lesion

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第2期14卷 114-121页

作者： Jr Pierre Germain Ochou Achié Jean Régis Akobe Yao Aboh Ganyn Robert Arnaud Assere Kouamé Jean-Eric Kouassi Adelaïde Aya natacha Kouassi Ibrahim soumahoro Zolopégué Marcel soro sédi Loues De Randolphe Akpro Gbalé Yannick Blé Kouamé Innocent M’bra Loukou Blaise Yao Bada Juste Léopold Niaorésery Koffi Léopold Krah Michel Kodo Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatological surgery Bouaké University Hospital Bouaké Ivory Coast Raoul Follereau Institute Manikro Centre Bouaké Ivory Coast

Hippopotamus bites are rare in medical consultations, despite several studies exposing their aggressive character. A case of a hippopotamus bite on the shoulder of a fisherman has been reported. In addition to the osteoarticular aspect representing a therapeutic problem, the infectious aspect was marked by sepsis, with a death in less than 48 hours. Based on this observation, a protocol for the initial management of large animal bites was submitted.

关键词： Bite Hippopotamus septic shock

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Characterisation of the Bacteria and Archaea Community Associated with Wild Oysters, at Three Possible Restoration sites in the North sea

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Open Journal of Marine science（海洋科学期刊） 2024年第2期 19页

作者： natacha M. s. Juste-Poinapen Yang Lu Blanca Bolaños De Hoyos George C. Birch Camille saurel

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Traditional Healer’s Medicinal Practice survey and Clinical Evidence Assessment of “YIKI”: An Antimalarial Phytomedicine Recipe from Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第7期15卷 248-267页

作者： Zachari Kabre Rakiswende serge Yerbanga Aminata Fofana Roland Nâg-Tiero Meda Anyirekun Fabrice some Alassane Haro natacha A. J. A. Boro Fazhira B. Ye Benjamin Kouliga Koama sami Eric Kam Eliasse Zongo Hadidjatou Belèm Windmi Kagambèga Florence Fournet Georges A. Ouedraogo Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Institut de Recherche en sciences de la sant Direction Rgionale de lOuest Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche et dEnseignement en sant et Biotechnologies Animales Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut des sciences et Techniques Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche en Bactriologie INSP/Centre MURAZ Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Maladies Infectueuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie Gntique Evolution et Contrle (MIVEGEC) Institut de Recherche pour le Dveloppement Universit de Monpellier Montpellier France

YIKI is an antimalarial phytomedicine used by a traditional healer to treat malaria in Bobo-Dioulasso. However, there is no scientific evidence to support its use by local populations. The aim of this study was to identify the medicinal practices of the healer holder of YIKI and assess the clinical evidence of its phytomedicine in the uncomplicated malaria treatment. Ethnomedical survey based on a semi-structured and open questionnaire was conducted from October to December 2019 with the healer. Malaria knowledge and diagnosis methods, patient treatment and monitoring, and recipe formulation steps were surveyed. Moreover, thick and thin blood smears were taken, haemoglobin levels and temperature of consenting patients were measured before treatment, mid-treatment and at the end of treatment. The survey revealed that the healer has a good knowledge of malaria symptoms and his diagnosis is based on observation and physical examination of patients. The healer’s malaria diagnosis was rudimentary and had accuracy problems, with only 62.79% of malaria cases confirmed by microscopy. The formulation of YIKI and its use to treat malaria follow a standard process for plant harvesting, powder quantities and posology, but do not use any reproducible parameters for dose adjustment. Forty-three patients diagnosed and treated by the healer participated in the study. Laboratory results revealed 27 Plasmodium falciparum infection cases, including 2 with parasitaemia ≥ 200,000 p/µl blood. 25 patients were selected for therapeutic evidence assessment. There was a 48% elimination of parasites, a 28% parasitaemia decrease without complete cure, with gametocytogenesis in some patients, and a 24% parasitaemia increase. Haemoglobin and temperature results suggested that YIKI was not cytotoxic and reduced fever. Encouraging preliminary results have been obtained, but in view of the low number of patients, further YIKI efficacy and toxicity studies will be necessary for patient safety.

关键词： Antimalarial-Phytomedicine Efficacy Traditional Practices Bobo-Dioulasso

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Alzheimer’s disease:a tale of two diseases?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第10期16卷 1958-1964页

作者： Eleonora Nardini Ryan hogan Anthony Flamier Gilbert Bernier Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research CambridgeMAUSA stem Cell and Developmental Biology Laboratory Hôpital Maisonneuve-RosemontMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurosciences University of MontrealMontrealQCCanada

sporadic late-onset Alzheimer’s disease(sLOAD)and familial early-onset Alzheimer’s disease(FEOAD)associated with dominant mutations in APP,PsEN1 and PsEN2,are thought to represent a spectrum of the same disorder based on near identical behavioral and histopathological ***,FEOAD transgenic mouse models have been used in past decades as a surrogate to study sLOAD pathogenic mechanisms and as the gold standard to validate drugs used in clinical ***,such research has yielded little output in terms of therapeutics targeting the disease’s development and *** this short review,we interrogate the widely accepted view of one,dimorphic disease through the prism of the Bmi1+/–mouse model and the distinct chromatin signatures observed between sLOAD and FEOAD brains.

关键词： aging Alzheimer’s disease BMI1 epigenetics familial late-onset sporadic

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The Matthew Effect in Running:An Analysis of Elite Endurance Athletes Over 23 Years

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Journal of science in sport and Exercise 2023年第3期5卷 236-243页

作者： Mabliny Thuany Beat Knechtle Kevin Kipchumba Lee Hill Thayse natacha Gomes Centre of Research EducationInnovation and Intervention in Sport(CIFI2D)Faculty of SportUniversity of Porto4200-450 PortoPortugal Medbase street Gallen Am Vadianplatz Vadianstrasse 269001 Street GallenGallenSwitzerland Kenyatta University NairobiKenya Division of Gastroenterology&Nutrition Department of PediatricsMcMaster UniversityHamiltonCanada Department of Physical Education Federal University of Sergipe(UFS)São CristóvãoSergipe 49100-000Brazil

Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of countries represented in the TOP20 long-distance elite runners ranking during 1997-2020,taking into account the countries’Human Development Index(HDI),and to verify if the Matthew effect can be observed regarding countries’representativeness in the raking alongside the *** The sample comprised 1852 professional runner athletes,ranked in the senior World TOP20 half-marathon(403 female and 487 male)and marathon(480 female and 482 male)races,between the years *** about the countries’HDI was included,and categorized as“low HDI”,“medium HDI”,“high HDI”,and“very-high HDI”.Athletes were categorized according to their ranking positions(1st-3rd;4th-10th;>10th),and the number of athletes per country/year was summed and categorized as“total number of athletes 1997-2000”;“total number of athletes 2001-2010”;and“total number of athletes 2011-2020”.The Chi-square test and spearman correlation were used to verify potential associations and relationships between *** Most of the athletes were from countries with medium HDI,followed by low HDI and very-high ***-square test results showed significant differences among females(χ^(2)=15.52;P=0.017)and males(χ^(2)=9.03;P=0.014),in half-marathon and marathon,*** significant association was verified between HDI and the total number of athletes,but the association was found for the number of athletes alongside the years(1997-2000 to 2001-2010:r=0.60;Psion Most of the athletes were from countries with medium HDI,followed by those with low HDI and very-high *** Matthew effect was observed,but a generalization of the results should not be done.

关键词： Endurance High-elite athletes Human development index

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The Relationship Between Training Volume and BMI in the Expression of Running Performance in Runners: A Mediation Model

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Journal of science in sport and Exercise 2023年第2期5卷 142-148页

作者： Mabliny Thuany Lee Hill JoséRamón Alvero‑Cruz Beat Knechtle Thayse natacha Gomes CIFI²D Faculty of SportUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department of PediatricsMcMaster UniversityHamiltonON L8N 3Z5Canada Dpto de Fisiología Humana HistologíaAnatomia Patológica y Educación Física y DeportivaUniversidad de MálagaMálagaSpain Medbase st.Gallen Am Vadianplatz Vadianstrasse 269001 St.GallenSwitzerland Department of Physical Education Federal University of SergipeSão CristóvãoSEBrazil

Purpose The relationships between anthropometric and training variables with running performance were previously ***,it is possible that through the moderating role of anthropometric variables,the magnitude of the relationship between training and performance may be *** purpose of this study was to estimate the mediation role of body mass index(BMI)in the relationship between training volume and running performance among non-professional runners,taking into account sex and age *** The sample comprised 1151 non-professional road runners(61.8%male),aged 18–72 *** about sex,age,body mass(kg),body height(cm),running pace,motivation for running,training volume and frequency were obtained through an online *** into account athletes’age,they were split into two age categories:“until 34 years”(adult runners)and“≥35 years”(master athletes).A mediation analysis was computed in Macro Process(sPss 26),considering sex and age *** was the mediating variable,while training volume/week was used as independ-ent variable,and running pace was considered as dependent *** For both sexes and age categories,a significant association between training volume on running pace was observed[male adult:β=-0.67;95%CI(-1.04 to-0.53);male master:β=-0.241;95%CI(-0.44 to-0.26);female adult:-0.83;95%CI(-1.25 to-0.41);female master:-0.76;95%CI(-1.09 to-0.44)],as well the association between training volume and BMI;and running BMI and running *** for female adult runners,a mediation effect of BMI was *** The present study showed that BMI mediated the association between training volume and running pace in non-professional runners of different sexes and age *** the other hand,a small influence of training volume on the expression of BMI was found.

关键词： Body mass index Running Mediation model

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