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How Group Heuristics Promotes Cooperative Behavior in Social Dilemma SituationmExploration of Group Heuristics Effects on the Basis of Computer Simulation

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Computer Technology and Application 2012年第10期3卷 699-705页

作者： Atsuo Murata Saki kubo naoki Hata Dept. of lntelligent Mechanical Systems Division of lndustrial Innovation Sciences Graduate School of Natural Science andTechnology Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan

As it is impossible to assume complete rationality in a social dilemma situation, the assumption of bounded rationality is appropriate. Under the bounded rationality, it would be reasonable to assume that one behaves according to the heuristics principle. The group identity effect in a social dilemma situation might be very important in order to attain cooperation. The aim of this study was to clarify how to promote a cooperative behavior by avoiding a social dilemma situation. The group heuristics was taken into account, and it was explored how the group heuristics promotes a cooperative behavior in a social dilemma situation. As a result of a two-person game theory experiment, the group heuristics was found to play an important role in a social dilemma situation, and enhance a cooperative behavior. For the following three cases, the higher cooperation rate was attained at the latter half of the experiment：（a） mutual in-group condition, （b） one-way in-group condition, and （f） one-way unknown condition （in-group）. In conclusion, the consciousness of in-group membership might help to promote actively mutual cooperation.

关键词： Social dilemma group heuristics experimental game theory cooperative behavior.

Two Tightly Linked Genes at the hsal Locus Cause Both F1 and F2 Hybrid Sterility in Rice

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Molecular Plant 2016年第2期9卷 221-232页

作者： Takahiko kubo Plant Genetics Laboratory National Institute of Genetics Mishima Shizuoka 411-8540 Japan Department of Genetics SOKENDAI (the Graduate University for Advanced Science) Mishima Shizuoka 411-8540 Japan STAY GREEN Co. Ltd. Kisarazu Chiba 292-0818 Japan Bioscience and Biotechnology Center Nagoya University Nagoya Aichi 464-8601 Japan Plant Breeding Laboratory Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding Department of Applied Genetics and Pest Management Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University Fukuoka 812-8581 Japan These authors contributed equally to this article

Molecular mechanisms of hybrid breakdown associated with sterility (F2 sterility) are poorly understood as compared with those of F1 hybrid sterility. Previously, we characterized three unlinked epistatic loci, hybrid sterility-a1 (hsa1), hsa2, and hsa3, responsible for the F2 sterility in a cross between Oryza sativa ssp. indica and japonica. In this study, we identified that the hsa1 locus contains two interacting genes, HSA1a and HSA1b, within a 30-kb region. HSA1a-j (japonica allele) encodes a highly conserved plant-specific domain of unknown function protein (DUF1618), whereasthe indica allele (HSA1a-is) has two deletion mutations that cause disruption of domain structure. The second gene, HSA1b-is, encodes an uncharacterized proteinwith some similarity to a nucleotide-binding protein. Homozygous introgression of indica HSA1a-is-HSA1b-is alleles into japonica showed female gamete abortion at an early mitotic stage. The fact that the recombinant haplotype HSA1a-j-HSA1b-is caused semi-sterility in the heterozygous state with the HSA1a-is-HSA1b-is haplotype suggests that variation in the hsa1 locus is a possible cause of the wide-spectrum sterility barriers seen in F1 hybrids and successive generations in rice. We propose a simple genetic model to explain how a single causal mechanism can drive both F1 and F2 hybrid sterility.

关键词： hybrid sterility epistasis Oryza sativa DUF1618 protein embryo sac abortion

Study of Particle Behavior for Steady-State Operation in JT-60U

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Plasma Science and Technology 2006年第1期8卷 50-54页

作者： H.kubo Japan Atomic Energy Agency Naka-shiIbaraki-ken311-0193JapantheJT-60Team

This paper summarizes recent studies of particle balance in long pulse discharges, long-term erosion/deposition and hydrogen retention for carbon divertor tiles, and particle behavior in SOL and divertor plasmas related to the two foregoing topics in JT-60U. Global saturation of the particle inventory appeared in the later phase of an ELMy H-mode plasma after several long pulse discharges. As for carbon divertor tiles, erosion was dominant in the outer divertor, and deposition was dominant in the inner divertor. Hydrogen isotope concentration （H＋D）/C in the deposition layer was estimated to be -0.032. The SOL plasma flow towards the inner divertor was observed at the low-field-side midplane, and influence of the E, x B drift flow from the outer divertor to the inner divertor via the private region on the divertor particle flux was evaluated to be large in the attached divertor plasmas. The preferential deposition in the inner divertor can be a consequence of these flows. For direct observation of the hydrogen molecular behavior in the divertor plasmas, hydrogen molecular line emission was measured and the fall in the emission intensity with distance from the divertor plates was reproduced by calculation with a neutral transport code and a collisional radiative modeling code.

关键词： tokamak divertor SOL carbon hydrogen

Optimization of body configuration and joint-driven attitude stabilization for transformable spacecraft under solar radiation pressure

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Astrodynamics 2024年第1期8卷 47-60页

作者： Yuki kubo Toshihiro Chujo Institute of Space and Astronautical Science Japan Aerospace Exploration AgencyKanagawa252-5210Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo152-8550Japan

The solar sail is one of the most promising space exploration systems due to its theoretically infinite specific impulse achieved through solar radiation pressure(SRP).Recently,researchers have proposed“transformable spacecraft”capable of actively reconfiguring their body configurations using actuatable *** spacecraft,if used similarly to solar sails,are expected to significantly enhance orbit and attitude control capabilities owing to their high redundancy in control degrees of ***,controlling them becomes challenging due to their large number of inputs,leading previous researchers to impose strong constraints to limit their potential control *** study focuses on novel attitude control techniques for transformable spacecraft under *** developed two methods,namely,joint angle optimization to obtain arbitrary SRP force and torque,and momentum damping control driven by joint angle *** proposed methods are formulated in a general manner and can be applied to any transformable spacecraft comprising front faces that can predominantly receive the SRP on each *** validity of our proposed method is confirmed through numerical *** study contributes to making most of the high control redundancy of transformable spacecraft without the need for expendable propellants,thus significantly enhancing the orbit and attitude control capabilities.

关键词： solar sail transformable spacecraft attitude-joint coupled motion attitudestabilization

The Roles of Nuclear Energy in Hydrogen Production

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Engineering 2022年第9期16卷 16-20页

作者： Shinji kubo Japan Atomic Energy Agency Ibaraki-ken 311-1393Japan

*** energy as primary energy and hydrogen energy as secondary energy Fossil resources are unevenly distributed on the earth and are a finite source of primary energy that is widely used in industry(factories,etc.),transportation(automobiles,etc.),and energy conversion(power generation,etc.).It must be said that the mass consumption of fossil resources is *** energies that can replace fossil-fuel-based energy include renewable energy and nuclear energy,while hydrogen energy has the potential to be a secondary energy source that can be widely used in industry for various purposes,including the use of hydrogen as raw material for chemical products,a reducing agent,and *** example,the International Energy Agency(IEA)has provided a roadmap[1]for achieving net-zero emissions by 2050,stating that about 530 Mt∙a^(-1)of global hydrogen is *** is about six times the hydrogen demand in 2020(about 90 Mt∙a^(-1)).

关键词： replace industry automobile

Biomarkers of skin toxicity induced by anti-epidermal growthfactor receptor antibody treatment in colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第2期22卷 887-894页

作者： Akiko kubo Hironobu Hashimoto naoki Takahashi Yasuhide Yamada Division of Pharmacy National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan Gastrointestinal Oncology Division National Cancer Center HospitalTokyo 104-0045Japan

Skin toxicity is a common symptom of anti-epidermal rowth factor receptor(EGFR) antibody treatment and is also a predictive marker of its efficacy in colorectal cancer patients. However, severe skin disorders induced by such antibodies negatively impact on the quality of life of patients and decreases drug compliance during treatment. If we can predict the high-risk group susceptible to severe skin toxicity before treatment, we can undertake the early management of any arising skin disorders and formulate a more accurate prognosis for anti-EGFR antibody treatment. Previous studies have identified molecular markers of skin toxicity induced by anti-EGFR antibody, such as EGFR polymorphisms, the expression of inflammatory chemokines and serum levels of EGFR ligands. A clinical trial was undertaken involving the escalation of cetuximab doses, guided by the grade of skin toxicity observed, such as no or low-grade, in metastatic colorectal cancer(the EVEREST study). The dose escalation of cetuximab was confirmed by a safety profile and had the tendency to achieve a higher response rate in KRAS wild-type patients. A large, prospective randomized trial is now ongoing(EVEREST 2) and the results of this trial may contribute to personalized medicine in KRAS wild-type colorectal cancer patients.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Skin toxicity Epidermalgrowth factor receptor Epidermal growth factorreceptor polymorphism Ligand

Existence and Asymptotic Behavior of Radially Symmetric Solutions to a Semilinear Hyperbolic System in Odd Space Dimensions

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2006年第5期27卷 507-538页

作者： Hideo kubo Kji kuboTA Department of Mathematics Osaka University Machikaneyama 1-1ToyonakaOsaka 560-0043Japan Department of Mathematics Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810Japan

This paper is concerned with a class of semilinear hyperbolic systems in odd space dimensions. Our main aim is to prove the existence of a small amplitude solution which is asymptotic to the free solution as t →-∞ in the energy norm, and to show it has a free profile as t →＋∞. Our approach is based on the work of [11]. Namely we use a weighted L^∞ norm to get suitable a priori estimates. This can be done by restricting our attention to radially symmetric solutions. Corresponding initial value problem is also considered in an analogous framework. Besides, we give an extended result of [14] for three space dimensional case in Section 5, which is prepared independently of the other parts of the paper.

关键词： Semilinear wave equations Asymptotic behavior Radially symmetric solution

Study of Choked Flows through a Convergent Nozzle

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第3期19卷 193-197页

作者： Kazunori kubo Yoshiaki MIYAZATO Kazuyasu MATSUO Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Environmental EngineeringThe University of Kitakyushu1-1 HibikinoWakamatsu-kuKitakyushu City808-0135Japan

When sonic nozzles of significantly smaller diameter are used as standard flow meters,the critical back pressure ratio is affected by the boundary layer at the nozzle ***,the effect of the boundary layer on choking criteria is still ***,the choking phenomenon of a convergent nozzle flow has been experimentally investigated using four convergent nozzles with the same diameter followed by a straight pipe of a variable *** a result,it is shown that the critical back pressure ratio is smaller than that for the steady one-dimensional is-entropic flow and decreases as the boundary layer thickness ***,the main flow Mach number at the nozzle exit is supersonic when the back pressure ratio is equivalent to the choking condition,and the Mach number increases as the boundary layer thickness increases.

关键词： Boundary Layer Convergent Nozzle Choked Flow Choking Pressure Ratio

Acoustic Noise from Tandem Wind Rotors of Intelligent Wind Power Unit

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Journal of Thermal Science 2010年第2期19卷 120-125页

作者： Koichi kubo Nobuhiko Mihara Akira Enishi Toshiaki Kanemoto Kyushu Institute of Technology:Sensui 1-1

The authors had invented the unique wind power unit composed of the large-sized front wind rotor,the small-sized rear wind rotor and the peculiar generator with the inner and the outer rotational armatures without the conventional *** unit is called "Intelligent Wind Power Unit" by the *** front and the rear wind rotors drive the inner and the outer armatures,respectively,while the rotational torque is counter-balanced between both armatures/wind *** paper discusses experimentally the acoustic noise from the front and the rear wind *** acoustic noise,in the counter-rotating operation,is induced mainly from the flow interaction between both rotors,and has the dominant power spectrum density at the frequency of the blade passing *** noise is caused mainly from the turbulent fluctuation due to the flow separation on the blade,when the rear wind rotor stops or rotates in the same direction as the front wind rotor.

关键词： Acoustic noise Wind turbine Tandem wind rotors Counter-rotation