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rESEArCH ON HYDrODYNAMIC AND WATEr QUALITY MODEL FOr TIDAL rIVEr NETWOrKS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2003年第2期15卷 64-70页

作者： Xu Zu xin, Lu Shi qiang School of Environment Science and Engineering, state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China Lab. of pollution control Sch. of Environ. Sci. and Eng. Tongji Univ. Shanghai 200092 China

Hydrodynamic and water quality model for tidal river network is set up withMIKE11 modeling system, according to the features of tidal river networks in plain area. The modelwas calibrated using the hydrological and water quality data of 1999, and the results show that thesimulated values agree with the measured data very well. This model is used to numerically analyzethe effects of low flow augmentation on hydrodynamic and water quality conditions of Suzhou *** simulation results show that the flow augmentation can increase net discharge of Suzhou Creekand improve its ability of re-aeration; and its concentration of dissolved oxygen in the rivernetworks can also increase correspondingly.

关键词： tidal river network water quality model suzhou creek low flow augmentation

predicting octanol/water partition coefficient using solvation free energy and solvent-accessible surface area

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第3期13卷 299-303页

作者： LIU Xin hui, WU Chun de, HAN Shuo kui, WANG Lian sheng(state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse, Department of Environmental Science, School of the Environment, nanjing University, nanjing 2.0093, China.

The regression model for octanol/water partition coefficients ( K ow ), is founded with only two molecular descriptors available through quantum chemical calculations: solvation free energy (Δ G S ), and solvent accessible surface area (SASA). For the properties of 47 organic compounds from 17 types, the model gives a correction coefficient (adjusted for degrees of freedom) of 0 959 and a standard error of 0 277 log unit. It is a suitable way to predict the partition properties that are related to solute solvent interactions in the water phase.

关键词： solvation free energy solvent accessible surface area quantum chemical descriptor

Simultaneous adsorption of lead and cadmium on MnO_2-loaded resin

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第2期22卷 225-229页

作者： Lijing Dong,Zhiliang Zhu,Hongmei Ma,Yanling Qiu,Jianfu Zhaostate key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

MnO2-10aded D3.1 weak basic anion exchange resin has been used as adsorbent to simultaneously remove lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solution. The effects of adsorbent dosage, solution pH and the coexistent ions on the adsorption were investigated. Experimental results showed that with the adsorbent dosage more than 0.6 g/L, both pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ were simultaneously removed at pH range 5-6. Except for HpO4^2-, the high concentration coexistent ions such as Na^＋, K^＋, Cl^-, NO3.-, SO4^2- and HCO3.-, showed no significant effect on the removal efficiency of both pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ under the experimental conditions. The coexistence of Mg^2＋, Ca^2＋ caused the reduction of Cd^2＋ removal, but not for pb^2＋. The adsorption equilibrium for pb^2＋ and Cd^2＋ could be excellently described by the Langmuir isotherm model with r^2 〉 0.99. The maximum adsorption capacity was calculated as 80.64 mg/g for pb^2＋ and 21.45 mg/g for Cd^2＋. The adsorption processes followed the pseudo first-order kinetics model. MnO2-loaded D3.1 resin has been shown to have a potential to be used as an effective adsorbent for simultaneous removal of lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solution.

关键词： MnO2-loaded resin adsorption cadmium lead simultaneous removal

Enzyme extraction by ultrasound from sludge flocs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第2期21卷 204-210页

作者： YU Guanghui,HE pinjing,SHAO Liming,ZHU Yishu state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse,key laboratory of Yangtze river Water Environment,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China. state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

Enzymes play essential roles in the biological processes of sludge treatment. In this article, the ultrasound method to extract enzymes from sludge flocs was presented. results showed that using ultrasound method at 20 kHz could extract more types of enzymes than that at 40 kHz and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid （EDTA） methods. The optimum parameters of ultrasound extraction at 20 kHz were duration of 10 min and intensity of 552 W/g TSS. Under the optimum condition, ultrasound could break the cells and extract both the extracellular and a small part of intercellular enzymes. Ultrasound intensity was apparently more susceptive to enzyme extraction than duration, suggesting that the control of intensity during ultrasound extraction was more important than that of duration. The pearson correlation analysis between enzyme activities and cation contents revealed that the different types of enzymes had distinct cation binding characteristics.

关键词： enzymes extracellular polymeric substances extraction method sludge flocs statistical analysis ultrasound

Efficient degradation of lube oil by a mixed bacterial consortium

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第3期22卷 381-388页

作者： Haifeng Wang, ran Xu, Fengting Li, Junlian Qiao, Bingru Zhang state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

A laboratory study was performed to assess the biodegradation of lube oil in bio-reactor with 3.4# stainless steel as a biofilm carrier. Among 164 oil degrading bacterial cultures isolated from oil contaminated soil samples, Commaonas acidovorans px1, Bacillus sp. px2, pseudomonas sp. px3.were selected to prepare a mixed consortium for the study based on the efficiency of lube oil utilization. The percentage of oil degraded by the mixed bacterial consortium decreased slightly from 99% to 97.2% as the concentration of lube oil was increased from 2000 to 10,000 mg/L. The degradation of TDOC （total dissolved organic carbon） showed a similar tendency compared with lube oil removal, which indicated that the intermediates in degradation process hardly accumulated. Selected mixed bacterial consortium showed their edge compared to activated sludge. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） photos showed that biofilms on stainless steel were robust and with a dimensional framework constructed by EpS （extracellular polymeric substances）, which could promote the biodegradation of hydrocarbons. The increase of biofilm followed first-order kinetics with rate of 0.216 μg glucose/（cm2·day） in logarithm phase. With analysis of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-Ir） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） combined with removal of lube oil and TDOC, mixed bacterial consortium could degrade benzene and its derivatives, aromatic ring organic matters with a percentage over 97%.

关键词： lube oil mixed bacterial consortium biofilm reactor stainless steel

Adsorption of Acetanilide Herbicides on Soil and Its Components: Ⅳ. Sorption of Acetanilide Herbicides on Soils and its Correlation with Soil properties

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pedosphere 2001年第3期11卷 217-226页

作者： LIU WEIpING WANG QIQUAN YANG WEICHUN and WANG XIAOrONG state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse research, nanjing University, nanjing 2.0093 (China) Institute of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University at Yuquan, Hangzhou 510027 南京大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室江苏南京 210093 浙江大学浙江杭州 510027

Sorption of acetanilide herbicides, metolachlor, acetochlor, pretilachlor and butachlor on eight soils with various physical and chemical properties was studied. The adsorption isotherms could fit Freundich equation well (r 2 ≥0.91) and the adsorption extents increased in the order: metolachlor r pratilachlor r. The product of Freundlich adsorption constants, Kf (1/n), showed to have a good correlation with organic matter content (OM) of soils for each of these herbicides, suggesting that OM is the primary factor dominating in the adsorption process of these asetanilide herbicides. Multivariant correlation regression between Kf (1/n) and two factors, water solubility (S.) of herbicides and OM, was also performed. Kf(1/n) correlated with 1/S. and OM/S. well, showing that high S. corresponds to a weak tendency to adsorb on soils. Infrared (Ir) spectra and electron spin resonance (ESr) parameters confirmed that multifunctional H-bonds and charge-transfer bonds were the main adsorption mechanisms of these acetanilide herbicides. The abilities of herbicides to form these adsorption bonds with HA increased in the same order as the extent of adsorption.

关键词： acetanilide herbicide adsorption mechanism correlation soil

Effects of humic acids and microorganisms on decabromodiphenyl ether, 4,4′-dibromodiphenyl ether and anthracene transportation in soil

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第4期53卷 950-958页

作者： YU Sheng, ZOU peng, ZHU Wei, YANG LiuYan, XIAO Lin, JIANG LiJuan, WANG XiaoLin, WU Jun & YUAN Ye state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse School of the Environment, nanjing University, nanjing 2.0093, China state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse Nanjing University Nanjing China School of the Environment Nanjing University Nanjing China

In this study, effects of humic acids (HA) and microorganisms on the migration of hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs), decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), 4,4′-dibromodiphenyl ether (BDE-15) and anthracene, in soils were examined. More soil particles were dispersed into the colloidal phase (0.22-1 μm) in the presence of HA and/or microorganisms as a result of increased erosion and friction. The study suggested that pBDEs (BDE-209 and BDE-15) and anthracene in soils would be transported to other places by soil colloids with surface and underground water flow given the high concentrations of HA and microorganisms in the natural environment.

关键词： humic acids microorganisms transportation hydrophobic organic contaminants soil colloid

release of volatile organic compounds during bio-drying of municipal solid waste

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第5期22卷 752-759页

作者： pinjing He,Jiafu Tang,Dongqing Zhang,Yang Zeng,Liming Shaostate key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse,key laboratory of Yangtze river Water Environment,College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China. state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment College of Environmental Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

Three treatments were tested to investigate the release concentrations of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） during the bio-drying of municipal solid waste （MSW） by the aerobic and combined hydrolytic-aerobic *** showed that VOCs were largely released in the first 4 days of bio-drying and the dominant components were：dimethyl disulfide,dimethyl sulfide,benzene,2-butanone,limonene and methylene ***,the combined hydrolytic-aerobic process was suggested for MSW bio-drying due to fewer aeration quantities in this phase when compared with the aerobic process,and the treatment strategies should base on the key properties of these prominent *** sulfur compounds and terpenes were mainly released in the early phase of bio-drying,whereas,two peaks of release concentrations appeared for aromatics and ketones during ***,for the combined hydrolytic-aerobic processes there were also high concentrations of released aromatics in the shift from hydrolytic to aerobic *** concentrations of released chlorinateds were observed in the later *** the VOCs produced during MSW bio-drying,i.e.,malodorous sulfur compounds,terpenes and chlorinateds,their release concentrations were mainly determined by production rates;for the VOCs presented initially in MSW,such as aromatics,their transfer and transport in MSW mainly determined the release concentrations.

关键词： bio-drying municipal solid waste odors release concentration volatile organic compounds

Bioaccumulation of Lanthanum and Its Effect on Growth of Maize Seedlings in a red Loamy Soil

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pedosphere 2006年第6期16卷 799-805页

作者： HU Xin WANG Xiao-rong WANG Chao state key laboratory of {3. control and resource reuse School of Environmental Science Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 （China） School of Environmental Science and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing 210098 （China）

Through a pot culture lanthanum nitrate was applied to maize seedlings grown in a red loamy soil to investigate the physiological and toxic effects of added La on the growth of crop seedlings and La bioaccumulation to help understand the environmental chemistry behaviors of rare earth element as fertilizers in soils. Compared to the control, La concentrations in shoots and especially in roots of maize seedlings increased with an increase of La in the soil. Also, with added concentrations of La≥0.75 g La kg-1 soil and≥0.05 g La kg-1 soil, the dry weight of shoots and roots of maize seedlings was significantly reduced (p≤0.05), respectively, compared with the control. Additionally, La≥0.5 g kg-1 in the soil significantly inhibited (p≤0.05) primary root elongation. roots were more sensitive to La stress than shoots and thus could be used as a biomarker to La stress. Overall, in the red loamy soil studied, La had no significant beneficial effects on the growth of maize at the added La levels above 0.1 g kg-1 soil.

关键词： bioaccumulation growth lanthanum maize seedlings red loamy soil