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Mathematical Model to Elaborate the Table of Thermodynamic Properties

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2022年第6期10卷 1951-1967页

作者： Debrayan Bravo Hidalgo Liliana Del Carmen Morillo Acosta nancy Del Rocio flores Hinojosa Sharing Knowledge Group (SKG) Quito Ecuador Administrative Sciences Department Universidad Central del Ecuador Quito Ecuador

Purpose: The aim of this scientific contribution is to show the potential that integral calculus has offered to the analysis of thermodynamic processes. Method: Application of Integral Calculus. In this context, the document covers the theoretical principles of integral calculus, such as Theoretical framework and background, Geometric interpretation of the primitive, Primitive existence theorem. Results: Integral calculus and generalized thermodynamic models, and their applications in various thermodynamic analysis contacts such as the Generalized Enthalpy Model, the Generalized Entropy Model, and the Generalized Model applied to gas mixtures and the General Model to elaborate the properties table. Conclusion: The mathematical analysis developed in this document is very useful in engineering and applied physics environments, a fact that supports its common pedagogical practice in university institutions.

关键词： Equations Curves of Thermal Processes Thermodynamic Laws Physics-Mathematics Energy

Comparison of 3 M^TM Petrifilm^TM Aerobic Count Plates with Pour Plates for Determination of Aerobic Plate Counts in Fermented Chile Mash

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第8期2卷 1024-1028页

作者： Jorge A. Beall Ruben Zapata nancy C. flores Willis M. Fedio Food Safety Laboratory New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM 88003 USA Extension Home Economics New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM88003 USA

Fermented chile pepper mash is a major food product in New Mexico. There are few reports on the fermentation process or on methods to monitor it, In the current study we examined a pour plate procedure with an overlay using plate count agar and 3 MTM PetrifilmTM Aerobic Count （AC） plates for determination of total aerobic bacterial counts during the fermentation of chile mash. Fifty chile mash samples were obtained directly from commercial fermentation vats and examined within 2 h of collection. Serial dilutions of the chile mash were prepared in Butterfield＇s Phosphate Buffer. 1 mL portions of the diluted samples were aliquoted in duplicate onto the AC plates and into empty Petri dishes. Plate count agar was poured and once the plates had solidified, they were overlaid with about 10 mL of PCA to minimize spreaders. Plates were incubated at 30 ℃ for 48 h and enumerated. Paired difference tests were conducted on log transformed data to compare the results of the two plating procedures. For commercial chile mash samples, we did not show any significant differences between the AC plate counts and the pour plate counts （α = 0.05）, 3 MTM PetrifilmTM AC plates are a good alternative to pour plates for the determination of the total aerobic counts in fermented chile mashes.

关键词： Fermentation chile pepper mash aerobic plate count petrifilmTM plate count agar.

The Effect of Calcium Chloride on the Microbiological Characteristics of Fermented Chile Pepper （Capsicum annuum cv. Mesilla Cayenne） Mash

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第9期2卷 1113-1118页

作者： Jorge A. Beall Jorge A. Gonzalez-Simental Sergio Soto-Navarro nancy C. flores Willis M. Fedio Food Safety Laboratory New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM USA Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Publica Secretaria de Salud Durango DGO MEX Animal and Range Sciences New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM USA Extension Home Economics New Mexico State University Las Cruces NM USA

Fermented chile pepper mash （Capsicum annuum cv. Mesilla Cayenne） is a major industrial food product in New Mexico. The fermentation of chile pepper mash depends on temperature, acidity, salt concentration, dissolved air, available carbohydrates and enzymes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the addition of calcium chloride （CaCI2） on the microbial characteristics of the pepper mash fermentation. Nine five gallon buckets were prepared with pepper that had been washed and ground by the manufacturer, each with 15% sodium chloride added. The buckets were allotted randomly to 1 of 3 treatments. The treatments included no CaCl2, 0.2% CaCl2 and 0.4% CaCl2 added to the pepper mash. Samples were stored at room temperature and sampled over a 3 months period to examine changes in the microflora. Chile mash samples were serially diluted in butterfield＇s phosphate buffer for microbial enumeration. Aerobic plate counts were conducted by pour plating with an overlay. Petrifilms were used for E. coil/coliform counts and Enterobacteriaceae. Yeasts and molds were surface plated on Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol agar while streptococci and lactobacilli were plated onto M17 and acidified MRS respectively. Aerobic plate counts, coliforms, E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, yeast, mold, lactobacilli, and streptococci were not affected by CaCl2 level. The addition of 0.4% CaCl2 was found to have no effect on the chile pepper mash fermentation.

关键词： Chile pepper mash lactic acid bacteria calcium chloride sodium chloride fermentation.

The Effect of Glandless Cottonseed Meal Content and Process Parameters on the Functional Properties of Snacks during Extrusion Cooking

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第12期3卷 1716-1725页

作者： Damian Reyes-Jáquez Favio Casillas nancy flores Isaac Andrade-González Aquiles Solís-Soto Hiram Medrano-Roldán Francisco Carrete Efren Delgado Graduate School of Biochemical Engineering Technological Institute of DurangoDurangoMéxico Extension Food Technology New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesUSA Technological Institute of Tlajomulco lajomulco de ZúnigaMéxico Faculty of Veterinary Juarez State University of DurangoDurangoMéxico

The results of the present study indicate that glandless cottonseed meal (CSM) can be incorporated in extruded corn flour snacks at a 10% content level, which increases snack protein content to 12.8% and reduce fat content to 6.2%. To improve snacks’ nutritional quality, CSM and corn flour were extruded using a simple screw extruder. An expansion index (EI) ranging of 1.2 - 4.7 was obtained. Penetration force (PF) was 7 - 9 times harder than other extruded products. High extrusion temperature and high CSM concentrations decreased (p p p< 0.05) extrudates’ water solubility index. Extrusion conditions used showed a 68.5% starch gelatinization, and a starch availability of more than 97%, which explains the high expansion index obtained.

关键词： Cottonseed Meal Extruded Snack Functional Properties

The Effects of Preeclampsia on Perinatal Risks and Infant Temperaments Among Mothers With Antenatal Depression

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Psychology Research 2014年第6期4卷 451-461页

作者： Yoko Nomura Jackie Finik Jacquelyn Salzbank Jenny Ly nancy Huynh Taira Davey Mariya Dineva AyeletAbelow Cindy flores Rejina Daniel Holly Loudon Joanne Stone Patricia Pierre Gary Eglinton Jeffrey H. Newcorn Queens College (CUNY) & Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York USA University of Maryland College Park Maryland USA Queens College (CUNY) &Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York USA Icahn School of Medicineat Mount Sinai & CornellUniversity New YorkUSA Queens College (CUNY) New York USA Icahn School of Medicineat Mount Sinai New York USA New York Hospital Queens New York USA Icahn School of Medicineat Mount Sinai New York USA

The Immune System and the Role of Inflammation in Perinatal Depression

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2016年第4期32卷 398-420页

作者： Philippe Leff-Gelman Ismael Mancilla-Herrera Monica flores-Ramos Carlos Cruz-Fuentes Juan Pablo Reyes-Grajeda maría del pilar garcía-cuétara Marielle Danitza Bugnot-Perez David Ellioth Pulido-Ascencio National Institute of Perinatology Mexico City Mexico National Institute of Psychiatry Mexico City Mexico National Institute of Genomic Medicine Mexico CityMexico Faculty of Psychology Anahuac University HuixquilucanMexico National Council of Science and Technology Mexico CityMexico

Major depression during pregnancy is a common psychiatric disorder that arises from a complex and mul- tifactorial etiology. Psychosocial stress, sex, hormones, and genetic vulnerability increase the risk for triggering mood disorders. Microglia and toll-like receptor 4 play a crucial role in triggering wide and varied stress-induced responses mediated through activation of the inflammasome; this leads to the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, increased serotonin metabolism, and reduction of neurotransmitter availability along with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity. Dysregulation of this intricate neu- roimmune communication network during pregnancy modifies the maternal milieu, enhancing the emergence of depressive symptoms and negative obstetric and neu- ropsychiatric outcomes. Although several studies have clearly demonstrated the role of the innate immune system in major depression, it is still unclear how the placenta, the brain, and the monoaminergic and neuroendocrine systems interact during perinatal depression. Thus, in the present review we describe the cellular and molecular interactions between these systems in major depression during preg- nancy, proposing that the same stress-related mechanisms involved in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia and peripheral myeloid cells in depressed patients operate in a similar fashion in the neuroimmune placenta during perinatal depression. Thus, activation of Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 signaling and the NLRP3 inflammasome in placental immune cells may promote a shift of the Thl/Th2 bias towards a predominant Thl/Thl7 inflammatory response, associated with increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, among other secreted autocrine and paracrine mediators, which play a crucial role in triggering and/or exacerbating depressive symptoms during pregnancy.

关键词： Depression Pregnancy Immune systemInflammation Cytokine Serotonin Indoleamine dioxygenase Glucocorticoid Brain Placenta

Comparative study of breast cancer in Mexican and Mexican-American women

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Health 2010年第9期2卷 1040-1048页

作者： Maria Elena Martinez Luis Enrique Gutierrez-Millan Melissa Bondy Adrian Daneri-Navarro Maria Mercedes Meza-Montenegro Ivan Anduro-Corona Ma Isabel Aramburo-Rubio Luz Maria Adriana Balderas-Pena Jose Adelfo Barragan-Ruiz Abenaa Brewster Graciela Caire-Juvera Juan Manuel Castro-Cervantes Mario Alberto Chavez Zamudio Giovanna Cruz Alicia Del Toro-Arreola Mary EEdgerton Maria Rosa flores-Marquez Ramon Antonio Franco-Topete Helga Garcia Susan Andrea Gutierrez-Rubio Karin Hahn Luz Margarita Jimenez-Perez Ian KKomenaka Zoila Areli Lopez Bujanda Dihui Lu Gilberto Morgan-Villela James LMurray Jesse NNodora Antonio Oceguera-Villanueva Miguel Angel Ortiz Martinez Laura Perez Michel Antonio Quintero-Ramos Aysegul Sahin Jeong Yun Shim Maureen Stewart Gonzalo Vazquez-Camacho Betsy Wertheim Rachel Zenuk Patricia Thompson Arizona Cancer Center and Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health University of ArizonaTucsonUSA Departamento de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnologicas Universidad de SonoraHermosilloMexico University of Texas M.D.Anderson Cancer Center HoustonUSA Departamento de Fisiologia Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajaraMexico Instituto Tecnologico de Sonora Ciudad ObregónMexico Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social HermosilloMexico Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social CMNOGuadalajaraJalisco Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo HermosilloMexico Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Ciudad ObregonMexico OPD Hospital Civil de Guadalajara GuadalajaraMexico Departamento de Salud Publica Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad de GuadalajaraGuadalajaraMexico Maricopa Medical Center Department of SurgeryPhoenixUSA University of North Carolina Lineberger Cancer CenterChapel HillUSA Arizona Cancer Center and Department of Family and Community Medicine University of ArizonaTucsonUSA Instituto Jalisciense de Cancerologia GuadalajaraMexico

Breast cancer is the number one cause of can- cer deaths among Hispanic women in the United States, and in Mexico, it recently became the primary cause of cancer deaths. This malign- nancy represents a poorly understood and un- derstudied disease in Hispanic women. The ELLA Binational Breast Cancer Study was es- tablished in 2006 as a multi-center study to as- sess patterns of breast tumor markers, clinical characteristics, and their risk factors in women of Mexican descent. We describe the design and implementation of the ELLA Study and provide a risk factor comparison between women in the U.S. and those in Mexico based on a sample of 765 patients (364 in the U.S. and 401 in Mexico). Compared to women in Mexico, U.S. women had significantly (p < 0.05) lower parity (3.2 vs. 3.9 mean live births) and breastfeeding rates (57.5% vs. 80.5%), higher use of oral contraceptives (60.7% vs. 50.1%) and hormone replacement therapy (23.3% vs. 7.6%), and higher family history of breast cancer (15.7% vs. 9.0%). Re- sults show that differences in breast cancer risk factor patterns exist between Mexico and U.S. women. We provide lessons learned from the conduct of our study. Binational studies are an important step in understanding disease pat- terns and etiology for women in both countries.

关键词： Binational Study Breast Cancer Hispanics Mexico United States