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Indoor air pollution and respiratory health of children in the developing world

World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2013年第2期2卷 6-15页

作者： Sumal Nandasena Ananda Rajitha Wickremasinghe nalini Sathiakumar National Institute of Health Sciences Ministry of HealthKalutara KT 12000 Sri Lanka Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Kelaniya Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham

Indoor air pollution(IAP) is a key contributor to the global burden of disease mainly in developing countries. The use of solid fuel for cooking and heating is the main source of IAP in developing countries, accounting for an estimated 3.5 million deaths and 4.5% of Disability-Adjusted Life Years in 2010. Other sources of IAP include indoor smoking, infiltration of pollutants from outdoor sources and substances emitted from an array of human utilities and biological materials. Children are among the most vulnerable groups for adverse effects of IAP. The respiratory system is a primary target of air pollutants resulting in a wide range of acute and chronic effects. The spectrum of respiratory adverse effects ranges from mild subclinical changes and mild symptoms to life threatening conditions and even death. However, IAP is a modifiable risk factor having potential mitigating interventions. Possible interventions range from simple be-havior change to structural changes and from shifting of unclean cooking fuel to clean cooking fuel. Shifting from use of solid fuel to clean fuel invariably reduces the household air pollution in developing countries, but such a change is challenging. This review aims to summarize the available information on IAP exposure during childhood and its effects on respiratory health in developing countries. It specifically discusses the common sources of IAP, susceptibility of children to air pollution, mechanisms of action, common respiratory conditions, preventive and mitigating strategies.

关键词： Indoor air pollution Air pollution Respiratory health Children Developing countries

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Role of artificial intelligence in the characterization of indeterminate pancreatic head mass and its usefulness in preoperative diagnosis

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology 2023年第3期4卷 48-63页

作者： Palash Rawlani nalini Kanta Ghosh Ashok Kumar Department of Surgical Gastroenterology Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical SciencesLucknow 226014Uttar PradeshIndia

Artificial intelligence(AI)has been used in various fields of day-to-day life and its role in medicine is *** of oncology has been improved with the introduction of AI which helps in diagnosis,treatment planning,management,prognosis,and *** also helps to identify high-risk groups who can be subjected to timely screening for early detection of malignant *** is more important in pancreatic cancer as it is one of the major causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and there are no specific early features(clinical and radiological)for *** improvement in imaging modalities(computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,endoscopic ultrasound),most often clinicians were being challenged with lesions that were difficult to diagnose with human *** has been used in various other branches of medicine to differentiate such indeterminate lesions including the thyroid gland,breast,lungs,liver,adrenal gland,kidney,*** the case of pancreatic cancer,the role of AI has been explored and is still *** review article will focus on how AI can be used to diagnose pancreatic cancer early or differentiate it from benign pancreatic lesions,therefore,management can be planned at an earlier stage.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Indeterminate pancreatic lesion Imaging Biomarkers Diagnosis

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Androgen insensitivity syndrome： do trinucleotide repeats in androgen receptor gene have any role？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2008年第4期10卷 616-624页

作者： Singh Rajender nalini J. Gupta Baidyanath Chakravarty Lalji Singh Kumarasamy Thangaraj Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology Uppal Road Hyderabad 500007 India Institute of Reproductive Medicine Salt Lake Kolkata PN 700064 India Division of Endocrinology Central Drug Research Institute Lucknow India

Aim： To investigate the role of CAG and GGN repeats as genetic background affecting androgen insensitivity syndrome （AIS） phenotype. Methods： We analyzed lengths of androgen receptor （AR）-CAG and GGN repeats in 69 AIS cases, along with 136 unrelated normal male individuals. The lengths of repeats were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction （PCR） amplification followed by allelic genotyping to determine allele length. Results： Our study revealed significantly shorter mean lengths of CAG repeats in patients （mean 18.25 repeats, range 14-26 repeats） in comparison to the controls （mean 22.57 repeats, range 12-39 repeats）（two-tailed P 〈 0.0001）. GGN repeats, however, did not differ significantly between patients （mean 21.48 repeats） and controls （mean 21.21 repeats）（two- tailed P = 0.474）. Among patients＇ groups, the mean number of CAG repeats in partial androgen insensitivity cases （mean 15.83 repeats） was significantly less than in complete androgen insensitivity cases （mean 19.46 repeats）（two- tailed P 〈 0.0001）. Conclusion： The findings suggest that shorter lengths of repeats in the AR gene might act as low penetrance genetic background in varying manifestation of androgen insensitivity.

关键词： androgen receptor CAG repeat GGN repeat androgen insensitivity

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The Choice to Go Organic: Evidence from Small US Farms

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Agricultural Sciences 2019年第12期10卷 1566-1580页

作者： Xuanli Liu nalini Pattanaik Mack Nelson Mohammed Ibrahim Agricultural Research Station Fort Valley State University Fort Valley USA Department of Business and Economics Fort Valley State University Fort Valley USA

This research examined small farmers’ operational choice in converting to organic farming in the Southern region of the United States. A logistic model fitted to survey data from responses of 456 produce growers found the key determinants of the conversion choices of farmers and offered quantitative impacts of the major influential factors retained in the fitted model. Among them, barriers to the conversion were linked to farmer’s age, risk aversion, years of farming, and the lack of education as well as low yield of organic farming;nevertheless, the model also revealed the existence of stimuli reflecting on access to farmers markets, peer exemplars, and operational scale. The confluence of variables retained partially explained a slow but steady conversion to organic farming in the United States. Besides the broad implication for policy making in the agricultural sector, this study found that organic farming was closely tied to small farms and organic farming could be a back road to the future of small US farms.

关键词： Organics Barriers Produce Organic Farming Small Farms

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Food Security： Where Are We Heading？

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Journal of Life Sciences 2016年第7期10卷 357-364页

作者： Chua Kim Aik Fakhrul Anwar Zainol nalini Arumugam Green Worm Genetics Sdn Bhd 40 Jalan KIP 10 Taman Perindustrial KIP Kepong 52200 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia. Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin 21300 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin 21300 Kuala Terengganu Terengganu Malaysia

The issues of food security are an important aspect of every country for its social and economic growth and the eradication of poverty. It is particularly crucial for satisfying the needs of the ever-growing population in developing countries. Agriculture is the backbone of the people and the economy for developing countries, particularly in highly populated countries such as India, China and South East Asia. The world population is anticipated to rise to 8.3 billion by 2030 and to 9.2 billion by 2050. By that time, to feed the growing population, food production must double to keep pace with the escalating food demand. Agricultural commodities showed increases of 58.9% in import dependency ratio （IDR） as compared to 32.2% in 2013. Thus, this study attempts to review and explore the challenges of food security as well as the opportunities of the seed industry in Malaysia.

关键词： Food security seed industry challenges opportunities Malaysia.

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In-vitro pharmacological evaluation of Sulforaphane from Brassica oleracea

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TMR Integrative Medicine 2019年第12期3卷 1-6页

作者： Sodum nalini Shaik Chand Basha TS Mohamed Saleem Annamacharya College of Pharmacy New Boyanapalli Rajampet India Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Annamacharya College of Pharmacy New Boyanapalli Rajampet India Department of Pharmacology Annamacharya College of Pharmacy New Boyanapalli Rajampet India

Objectives: Sulforaphane has numerous Pharmacological and therapeutic effects like anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-arthritic, anti-ulcer, anti-viral. The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of Sulforaphane by in-vitro screening methods. Methods: The anti-arthritic activity of Sulforaphane was investigated by protein denaturation assay by using Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and egg albumin. Sulforaphane used in various concentration (10, 50, 100, 250, 500 μg/ml) against both the methods and Diclofenac sodium was used as reference standard. Results: The anti-arthiritic activity sulforaphane was directly proportional to inhibition of denaturation of albumin. Sulforaphane shows concentration dependent inhibition activity in both bovine serum albumin and egg albumin assay. The maximum inhibition was observed in the concentration of 500 μg/ml with 92.8% inhibition for BSA and 96.3% for egg albumin respectively. Conclusion: Sulforaphane have significant anti-arthritic activity accessed by BSA denaturation and egg albumin denaturation assay. Based on present finding future direction also planned to conform the activity by using well established in-vivo methods.

关键词： Sulforaphane Anti-arthritic activity Protein denaturation methods

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Impact assessment of biofouling resistant nano copper oxide-polyaniline coating on aquaculture cage nets

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第5期8卷 538-543页

作者： Pachareentavita Muhamed Ashraf nalini Manju Lekshmi Shunmugavel Chinnadurai Sajeevan Anjitha Mathath Archana Chirayil Meethalepurayil Vineeth Kumar Kavitha Mandhiram Sandhya Ambarish Purackattu Gop ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Technology Cochin682029India ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute Trivandrum692521India Department of Environmental Studies Kannur UniversityKannur670567India

Biofouling is a major issue in aquaculture cages and nano materials based antifouling strategies became more prominent in recent *** aquaculture cage net surface which is modified with polyaniline and nano-copper oxide(CuO),reported to have biofouling *** of nano CuO from the net to the aquatic environment and its bioaccumulation in fish is the major concern against the technology *** present study aimed to understand the accumulation of copper in fishes grown in a nano CuO treated aquaculture cage *** the leaching pattern of nano CuO,biofouling inhibition and changes in strength of the cage net due to the nano CuO *** grown in the treated cages exhibited normal growth characteristics with no signs of abnormalities and also copper in their organs were within the prescribed standard *** CuO treated cage net exhibited excellent biofouling resistance and the percentage of occlusion of mesh by foulers were 56.77%more efficient than untreated cage *** of nano CuO leached to the aquatic system was less than 8μg/g⋅*** fouling organism assemblage on untreated and treated net was 18 and 11 species,*** calcareous shelled foulers were absent on treated *** study highlighted the potential application of nano CuO treatment to control biofouling in aquaculture cages.

关键词： Aquaculture Bioaccumulation Biofouling Polyaniline Nano copper oxide Nano toxicity

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Correlation between Obesity and Inflammation in Cardiovascular Diseases—Evaluation of Leptin and Inflammatory Cytokines

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2012年第2期2卷 7-15页

作者： Rajagopal Raskin Erusan Devarajan nalini Ganesan Manohar Raghunathan Malathi Department of Cardiology Stanley Medical College and Hospital Chennai India Department of Genetics Dr. ALM PG IBMS University of Madras Chennai India

Obesity, an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), is currently viewed as a pro-inflammatory state with an increase in the expression of inflammatory cytokines including Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-alpha) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) along with the increased secretion of leptin. Serum leptin was estimated in 150 CVD patients (belonging to the age group of 35 - 75 years) of different Body Mass Index (BMI) and its correlation to various biochemical parameters including lipids, glucose and CRP was analyzed to study the association of leptin with CVD. Further to understand the relationship between obesity, inflammation and CVD, serum leptin, TNF-alpha, IL-6 was evaluated in 50 CVD and 50 non-CVD subjects. Results were presented as mean ± SD. A distinct correlation between leptin, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and BMI was observed and these cytokines were elevated in CVD subjects. The protein expression of the monomeric form of CRP which is known to be expressed in pathological condition was found to be highly expressed in serum of CVD subjects. Further, to substantiate the role of inflammation in obesity related CVD, different concentrations of leptin were added to Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) isolated from twenty healthy volunteers of different BMI and the gene expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and Ob-Rb were studied. A significant increase in the level of these cytokines was observed with increasing leptin concentration. The results obtained from the present analysis suggest that inflammation may be a crucial factor involved in obesity associated CVD.

关键词： Genetics Diseases Gene Expression Protein Expression Leptin

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Mortality characteristics during the two waves of COVID-19 in India:A retrospective observational study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2022年第2期11卷 77-84页

作者： nalini Ramesh Humaney Shilpa Sachin Kuthe Shamim Akhtar Vivek K Pande Department of Medicine Nkpsims and Lata Mangeshkar HospitalNagpurIndia

Objective:To evaluate patient demographic characteristics and risk factors for mortality during the first and the second wave among COVID-19 patients in a tertiary care hospital of ***:Data were taken from the hospital’s electronic system for COVID-19 patients from August 2020 to December 2020,and the second from January 2021 to May *** mortality rate,demographic and clinical characteristics,laboratory profile,and reasons for the death of the two waves were retrieved and compared,and the risk factors of the two waves were ***:In the first wave,1177 COVID-19 cases visited the hospital and 96(8.2%)*** comparison,the death rate in the second wave was significantly higher(244/2038,12.0%)(P<0.001).No significant difference in age[60(50-69)vs.60.5(53-70),P=0.11]or gender(P=0.34)was observed between the two *** to the first *** were significantly more cases with fever,cough,weakness,loss of taste and smell,and sore throat during the second wave(P<0.05),but significantly fewer cases with kidney disease(6.6%vs.13.5%,P=0.038)and diabetes mellitus(35.7%vs.50.0%,P=0.015).Besides,during the second wave,more patients had abnormal X-ray findings,higher levels of lymphocytes and serum ferritin(P<0.05).In addition,there were significant differences in the rate of death cases with acidosis,septic shock,acute kidney injury,diabetes mellitus,cardiovascular events,hypothyroidism(P<0.05).Multivariate regression showed that during the first wave,age(OR:1.10;95%CI:1.02-1.21),diabetes mellitus(OR:3.16;95%CI:2.08-3.53),and abnormal X-ray(2.67;95%CI:2.32-2.87)were significant independent risk factors of mortality;while in the second wave,age(OR:1.13;95%CI:1.12-1.28),diabetes mellitus(OR:8.98;95%CI:1.79-45.67),abnormal X-ray(OR:12.83;95%CI:2.32-54.76),high D-dimer(OR:10.89;95%CI:1.56-134.53),and high IL-6(OR:7.89;95%CI:1.18-47.82)were significant independent risk factors of ***:Overall mortality and incidence of severe diseas

关键词： SARS-COV-2 COVID-19 Second wave First wave Pandemic

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Experience-Based Access Control in UbiComp: A New Paradigm

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2022年第1期10卷 133-157页

作者： nalini A. Mhetre Arvind V. Deshpande Parikshit N. Mahalle Department of Computer Engineering Sinhgad College of Engineering Pune India Department of Computer Engineering Smt. Kashibai Navale College of Engineering Pune India Department of AI and Data Science Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology Pune India

Experience is a sociological concept and builds over time. In a broader sense, the human-centered equivalents of experience and trust apply to D2D interaction. Ubiquitous computing (UbiComp) embeds intelligence and computing capabilities in everyday objects to make them effectively communicate, share resources, and perform useful tasks. The safety of resources is a serious problem. As a result, authorization and access control in UbiComp is a significant challenge. Our work presents experience as an outcome of history (HI), reliability (RL), transitivity (TR), and Ubiquity (UB). This experience model is easily adaptable to a variety of self-regulating context-aware access control systems. This paper proposes a framework for Experience-Based Access Control (EX-BAC) with all major services provided by the model. EX-BAC extends attribute-based access control. It uses logical device type and experience as context parameters for policy design. When compared with the state-of-the-art, EX-BAC is efficient with respect to response time.

关键词： Access Control Experience-Based Access Control Experience Model History Reliability Transitivity Ubiquitous Computing Ubiquity

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